זָהַר

Exodus 18:20 וְהִזְהַרְתָּ֣ה and you will warn

Teach them the statutes and laws, and show them the way to live and the work they must do.

2 Kings 6:10 וְהִזְהִיר֖וֹ and he warned him

So the king of Israel sent word to the place the man of God had pointed out. Time and again Elisha warned the king, so that he was on his guard in such places.

2 Chronicles 19:10 וְהִזְהַרְתֶּ֣ם and you will warn

For every dispute that comes before you from your brothers who dwell in their cities—whether it regards bloodshed or some other violation of law, commandments, statutes, or ordinances—you are to warn them, so that they will not incur guilt before the LORD and wrath will not come upon you and your brothers. Do this, and you will not incur guilt.

Psalm 19:11 נִזְהָ֣ר [is] warned

By them indeed Your servant is warned; in keeping them is great reward.

Here: This verb form describes something going on now: the servant is being warned, or is heeding a warning. In Ezekiel 3:21 and 33:4–6 the same form describes the man who 'takes warning' from the watchman and so stays alive. The sense covers both being told and listening, closer to 'is put on guard by them' than to merely 'receives an alert.'

Ecclesiastes 4:13 לְהִזָּהֵ֖ר to be warned

Better is a poor but wise youth than an old but foolish king who no longer knows how to take a warning.

Ecclesiastes 12:12 הִזָּהֵ֑ר be warned

And by these, my son, be further warned: There is no end to the making of many books, and much study wearies the body.

Here: A command: 'take warning', 'be careful'. It is the watchman's word in Ezekiel and a common word for 'be careful' in later Hebrew. The main pause in the verse falls here: the warning attaches to 'beyond these'.

Ezekiel 3:17 וְהִזְהַרְתָּ֥ and you will warn

“Son of man, I have made you a watchman for the house of Israel. Whenever you hear a word from My mouth, give them a warning from Me.

Here: 'And you will warn'. Literally 'cause to be careful' or 'put on guard'. The watchman's job is to make people alert so they can act. He does not rescue them himself.

Ezekiel 3:18 הִזְהַרְתּ֗וֹ לְהַזְהִ֥יר you have warned him, to warn

If I say to the wicked man, ‘You will surely die,’ but you do not warn him or speak out to warn him from his wicked way to save his life, that wicked man will die in his iniquity, and I will hold you responsible for his blood.

Here: 'You did not warn him.' This verb means to alert, admonish, or make someone aware of a danger (the same root is used in Exodus 18:20 for teaching people how to live). It is the watchman's alarm, carried in words.

Ezekiel 3:19 הִזְהַ֣רְתָּ you have warned

But if you warn a wicked man and he does not turn from his wickedness and his wicked way, he will die in his iniquity, but you will have saved yourself.

Here: 'You have warned.' The verb form presents the warning as already done: the case assumes the prophet has carried out his duty. To warn here means to pass on God's own announcement ('when I say to the wicked', v. 18) so that the hearer can act on it.

Ezekiel 3:20 הִזְהַרְתּוֹ֙ you warned him

Now if a righteous man turns from his righteousness and commits iniquity, and I put a stumbling block before him, he will die. If you did not warn him, he will die in his sin, and the righteous acts he did will not be remembered. And I will hold you responsible for his blood.

Here: To warn, admonish, make someone aware of danger. This is the watchman's single duty (3:17: 'warn them from me').

Ezekiel 3:21 הִזְהַרְתּ֣וֹ נִזְהָ֔ר you have warned him, he has been warned

But if you warn the righteous man not to sin, and he does not sin, he will indeed live because he heeded your warning, and you will have saved yourself.”

Here: 'You have warned him.' This is the sentry's verb: to alert someone to danger so that he can act. In 3:17 the warning is said to come 'from me', so Ezekiel is relaying God's alarm and not offering his own advice.

Ezekiel 33:3 וְהִזְהִ֥יר and he will warn

and he sees the sword coming against that land and blows the ram’s horn to warn the people.

Ezekiel 33:4 נִזְהָ֔ר he took warning

Then if anyone hears the sound of the horn but fails to heed the warning, and the sword comes and takes him away, his blood will be on his own head.

Here: This form of the verb means letting oneself be warned: taking the alarm to heart and acting on it. The watchman 'warned' (v. 3, same root); the hearer did not 'get warned'. The fault is in the response, not the signal.

Ezekiel 33:5 נִזְהָ֔ר נִזְהָ֖ר he took warning, he had taken warning

Since he heard the sound of the horn but failed to heed the warning, his blood will be on his own head. If he had heeded the warning, he would have saved his life.

Ezekiel 33:6 נִזְהָ֔ר it was warned

But if the watchman sees the sword coming and fails to blow the horn to warn the people, and the sword comes and takes away a life, then that one will be taken away in his iniquity, but I will hold the watchman accountable for his blood.’

Here: A passive or reflexive form of 'warn'. It can mean 'was warned' or 'took warning, heeded' (BSB uses 'heeded' for the same form in v.5). Here the point is that no warning reached them, so they could not heed one.

Ezekiel 33:7 וְהִזְהַרְתָּ֥ and you will warn

As for you, O son of man, I have made you a watchman for the house of Israel; so hear the word from My mouth and give them the warning from Me.

Here: 'And you shall warn', literally 'cause them to take care'. The aim is that the hearers take heed and act (the same root in vv. 4–6 means 'take warning'), not just that they are informed.

Ezekiel 33:8 לְהַזְהִ֥יר to warn

If I say to the wicked, ‘O wicked man, you will surely die,’ but you do not speak out to dissuade him from his way, then that wicked man will die in his iniquity, yet I will hold you accountable for his blood.

Here: 'To warn, to caution.' It means alerting someone to danger so that they take care. Verse 7 uses the same verb for the watchman's commission: 'warn them from me.'

Ezekiel 33:9 הִזְהַ֨רְתָּ you have warned

But if you warn the wicked man to turn from his way, and he does not turn from it, he will die in his iniquity, but you will have saved your life.

Daniel 12:3 יַזְהִ֖רוּ they will shine

Then the wise will shine like the brightness of the heavens, and those who lead many to righteousness will shine like the stars forever and ever.

Here: Future-pointing: 'they will shine', meaning they will give off radiance. This form of the verb means 'shine' only here. Elsewhere the same letters mean 'warn' or 'instruct' (Exodus 18:20; Ezekiel 3:17–21), so some readers hear a possible play on words: those who enlightened others will themselves be lit up.