Hebrew word · H4118

מַהֵר

maher

quickly

'Quickly, swiftly, soon': a verb form (from mahar, 'to hurry') used as an adverb.

Appears 14 times in 13 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·

What it means

adv

quickly, speedily

Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of Deuteronomy 9:3

Range of meaning

'Quickly, swiftly, soon': a verb form (from mahar, 'to hurry') used as an adverb.

Against the English

All versions render 'quickly/swiftly.' The tension with 7:22 is visible in English as well.

Used elsewhere in the period

Deut 7:22: 'You will not be able to finish them off quickly (maher), lest the wild animals multiply'; compare Exod 23:29–30 ('little by little'). Deut 4:26 and 28:20 use maher of Israel's own swift ruin if it is unfaithful.

From the study of Judges 2:23

Range of meaning

A form of the verb māhar, "hurry", fixed as an adverb: quickly, soon, at once. It means speed or timing. It does not mean recklessness.

Against the English

ESV and NASB have "quickly", BSB "immediately" and NIV "at once": accurate. KJV and WEB have "hastily", which to a modern reader suggests acting rashly or without thought. The Hebrew implies nothing of the kind.

How it drifted

In the 1600s "hastily" often just meant "quickly". Since then the word has picked up the sense of careless rushing.

Used elsewhere in the period

Deut 7:22: "Yahweh your God will clear away these nations before you little by little; you will not be able to destroy them quickly (maher), lest the wild animals multiply." Compare Exod 23:29-30, "I will not drive them out in one year... little by little I will drive them out." Deut 9:3 uses maher the other way: Yahweh will destroy them "quickly".

Where it appears

Exodus · 1
  1. Exodus 32:8 מַהֵ֗ר quickly

    How quickly they have turned aside from the way that I commanded them! They have made for themselves a molten calf and have bowed down to it. They have sacrificed to it and said, ‘These, O Israel, are your gods, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.’”

    Here: A verb form of 'to hurry' used as an adverb: 'in a hurry, quickly'. Sharp in context: it has been about forty days since they swore 'All that the LORD has spoken we will do' (24:3, 7).

Deuteronomy · 8
  1. Deuteronomy 4:26 מַהֵר֒ quickly

    I call heaven and earth as witnesses against you this day that you will quickly perish from the land that you are crossing the Jordan to possess. You will not live long upon it, but will be utterly destroyed.

    Here: A verb form ('hurrying') used as an adverb: 'swiftly'. In context (v. 25) the speed is measured from the apostasy, not from entering the land: once idolatry sets in, the end comes fast.

  2. Deuteronomy 7:4 מַהֵֽר׃ quickly

    because they will turn your sons away from following Me to serve other gods. Then the anger of the LORD will burn against you, and He will swiftly destroy you.

  3. Deuteronomy 7:22 מַהֵ֔ר quickly

    The LORD your God will drive out these nations before you little by little. You will not be enabled to eliminate them all at once, or the wild animals would multiply around you.

  4. Deuteronomy 9:3 מַהֵ֔ר quickly

    But understand that today the LORD your God goes across ahead of you as a consuming fire; He will destroy them and subdue them before you. And you will drive them out and annihilate them swiftly, as the LORD has promised you.

    Here: 'Quickly, swiftly': a verb form used as an adverb. It sits uneasily beside 7:22, where Israel is told it will not finish them off quickly (see debates).

  5. Deuteronomy 9:12 מַהֵר֙ מַהֵ֗ר quickly

    And the LORD said to me, “Get up and go down from here at once, for your people, whom you brought out of Egypt, have corrupted themselves. How quickly they have turned aside from the way that I commanded them! They have made for themselves a molten image.”

  6. Deuteronomy 9:16 מַהֵ֔ר quickly

    And I saw how you had sinned against the LORD your God; you had made for yourselves a molten calf. You had turned aside quickly from the way that the LORD had commanded you.

  7. Deuteronomy 28:20 מַהֵ֔ר quickly

    The LORD will send curses upon you, confusion and reproof in all to which you put your hand, until you are destroyed and quickly perish because of the wickedness you have committed in forsaking Him.

Joshua · 1
  1. Joshua 2:5 מַהֵ֛ר quickly

    At dusk, when the gate was about to close, the men went out, and I do not know which way they went. Pursue them quickly, and you may catch them!”

Judges · 2
  1. Judges 2:17 מַהֵ֗ר quickly

    Israel, however, did not listen to their judges. Instead, they prostituted themselves with other gods and bowed down to them. They quickly turned from the way of their fathers, who had walked in obedience to the LORD’s commandments; they did not do as their fathers had done.

    Here: "Quickly." A verb form used as an adverb. The speed of the relapse is part of the charge, just as it was at Sinai.

  2. Judges 2:23 מַהֵ֑ר quickly

    That is why the LORD had left those nations in place and had not driven them out immediately by delivering them into the hand of Joshua.

    Here: A verb form of 'hurry' used as an adverb: "quickly, right away." It echoes Deuteronomy 7:22 ("you will not be able to destroy them quickly") and suggests a gradual process rather than a permanent ruling. There is no sense of rashness.

Proverbs · 1
  1. Proverbs 25:8 מַ֫הֵ֥ר quickly

    do not bring hastily to court. Otherwise, what will you do in the end when your neighbor puts you to shame?

    Here: 'Quickly.' The fault is the speed, not the dispute itself. Proverbs often warns against acting in haste (19:2; 21:5; 29:20).

Zephaniah · 1
  1. Zephaniah 1:14 וּמַהֵ֣ר and hurrying

    The great Day of the LORD is near—near and coming quickly. Listen, the Day of the LORD! Then the cry of the mighty will be bitter.

    Here: "And hurrying": the day is not standing still at a distance but rushing toward Judah. The form is probably a participle with its first letter dropped (for mĕmahēr, 'hastening'), a recognised spelling in Hebrew grammar.

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.