Hebrew word · H4673

מַצָּב

matzav

station

From the root n-ts-b, 'to take one's stand, be stationed'. Matsav means a standing-place or post, and can also mean a garrison or military outpost (1 Sam 13:23; 14:1). The same root gives matsevah, 'standing stone, pillar'.

Appears 10 times in 10 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·

What it means

1) station, garrison, standing-place

1a) standing-place (of feet)

1b) station, office, position

1c) garrison, post, outpost

Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of Joshua 4:9

Range of meaning

From the root n-ts-b, 'to take one's stand, be stationed'. Matsav means a standing-place or post, and can also mean a garrison or military outpost (1 Sam 13:23; 14:1). The same root gives matsevah, 'standing stone, pillar'.

Against the English

BSB, KJV, WEB smooth it into 'the place where … stood'. YLT's 'the place of the standing of the feet' keeps the noun. None can show the link in sound to 'standing stone'.

Used elsewhere in the period

Josh 4:3 'from the standing-place (matsav) of the priests' feet, firmly'. Isa 22:19 'from your post'. 1 Sam 13–14 for the Philistine outpost.

From the study of Joshua 4:3

Range of meaning

Station, standing-place, fixed position. It can also mean a military post or garrison (1 Sam 13:23; 14:1). The related noun matsevah means a 'standing stone' or pillar.

Against the English

KJV and WEB: 'the place where the priests' feet stood'. YLT: 'standing-place'. All are accurate.

Used elsewhere in the period

Used for an assigned post in Isa 22:19 and for Philistine garrisons in 1 Samuel. It belongs to the family of the root natsav, 'take a stand'.

Where it appears

Joshua · 2
  1. Joshua 4:3 מִמַּצַּב֙ from [the] standing-place of

    and command them: ‘Take up for yourselves twelve stones from the middle of the Jordan where the priests were standing, carry them with you, and set them down in the place where you spend the night.’”

    Here: A 'station', the fixed spot where someone stands. The stones must come from exactly where the ark-bearing priests had taken their position.

  2. Joshua 4:9 מַצַּב֙ [the] standing-place of

    Joshua also set up twelve stones in the middle of the Jordan, in the place where the priests who carried the ark of the covenant stood. And the stones are there to this day.

    Here: 'The place where someone takes a firm stand.' It repeats v. 3, where the stones were to be taken 'from the place where the priests' feet stood firm'. It comes from the same root as matsevah, 'standing stone, memorial pillar', so the 'standing-place' becomes a place of standing stones.

1 Samuel · 6
  1. 1 Samuel 13:23 מַצַּ֣ב [the] garrison of

    And a garrison of the Philistines had gone out to the pass at Michmash.

  2. 1 Samuel 14:1 מַצַּ֣ב [the] garrison of

    One day Jonathan son of Saul said to the young man bearing his armor, “Come, let us cross over to the Philistine outpost on the other side.” But Jonathan did not tell his father.

  3. 1 Samuel 14:4 מַצַּ֣ב [the] garrison of

    Now there were cliffs on both sides of the pass that Jonathan intended to cross to reach the Philistine outpost. One was named Bozez and the other Seneh.

  4. 1 Samuel 14:6 מַצַּב֙ [the] garrison of

    Jonathan said to the young man bearing his armor, “Come, let us cross over to the outpost of these uncircumcised men. Perhaps the LORD will work on our behalf. Nothing can hinder the LORD from saving, whether by many or by few.”

    Here: From the root 'to stand'. It means the place where troops are posted, here the Philistine forward post guarding the Michmash pass (13:23).

  5. 1 Samuel 14:11 מַצַּ֖ב [the] garrison of

    So the two of them showed themselves to the outpost of the Philistines, who exclaimed, “Look, the Hebrews are coming out of the holes in which they were hiding!”

  6. 1 Samuel 14:15 הַמַּצָּב֙ the garrison

    Then panic struck the Philistines in the camp, in the field, and among all the people. Even those in the outposts and raiding parties trembled. Indeed, the earth quaked, and panic spread from God.

2 Samuel · 1
  1. 2 Samuel 23:14 וּמַצַּ֣ב and a garrison of

    At that time David was in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was at Bethlehem.

Isaiah · 1
  1. Isaiah 22:19 מִמַּצָּבֶ֑ךָ from office your

    I will remove you from office, and you will be ousted from your position.

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.