Hebrew word · H5246
נָמֵר
namer
leopard
Leopard (Panthera pardus), a big cat known for its spotted coat, its speed and its habit of ambush.
Appears 6 times in 6 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·
What it means
leopard
Aramaic equivalent: ne.mar (נְמַר "leopard" H5245)
Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
In depth
- Range of meaning
Leopard (Panthera pardus), a big cat known for its spotted coat, its speed and its habit of ambush.
- Against the English
'Leopard' is accurate, the same in all versions.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Jer 5:6 (a leopard 'keeps watch' over cities, in a list with lion and wolf); Jer 13:23 (its spots cannot change); Hab 1:8 (Babylonian horses 'swifter than leopards'); Song 4:8 (leopard mountains); Isa 11:6. The Hebrew place name Nimrim may come from the same root.
Where it appears
Song of Songs · 1
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Song of Songs 4:8 נְמֵרִֽים׃ leopards
Come with me from Lebanon, my bride, come with me from Lebanon! Descend from the peak of Amana, from the summits of Senir and Hermon, from the dens of the lions, from the mountains of the leopards.
Here: 'Leopards', predators known for watching from hiding and striking fast (Jer 5:6; Hos 13:7). The verse ends on the wildest image: the place she comes from is beautiful, high and deadly.
Isaiah · 1
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Isaiah 11:6 וְנָמֵ֖ר and leopard
The wolf will live with the lamb, and the leopard will lie down with the goat; the calf and young lion and fatling will be together, and a little child will lead them.
Here: The leopard was known for lying in wait and pouncing (Jer 5:6; Hos 13:7). Leopards still live in the Judean desert.
Jeremiah · 2
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Jeremiah 5:6 נָמֵ֤ר a leopard
Therefore a lion from the forest will strike them down, a wolf from the desert will ravage them. A leopard will lie in wait near their cities, and everyone who ventures out will be torn to pieces. For their rebellious acts are many, and their unfaithful deeds are numerous.
Here: The leopard, a predator that ambushes and is known for patient lurking (compare Hos 13:7, 'like a leopard I will lurk by the way').
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Jeremiah 13:23 וְנָמֵ֖ר and a leopard
Can the Ethiopian change his skin, or the leopard his spots? Neither are you able to do good—you who are accustomed to doing evil.
Here: 'And a leopard.' The verb 'turn/change' from the first line carries over, so this is still part of the question. Leopards lived in the hills of Lebanon and Judah, and Jeremiah has already used one as a picture of a predator waiting outside the cities (5:6).
Hosea · 1
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Hosea 13:7 כְּנָמֵ֖ר like a leopard
So like a lion I will pounce on them; like a leopard I will lurk by the path.
Here: The leopard, still found in the Judean wilderness today. It hunts by ambush, which sets up the verb at the end of the line. Jeremiah uses it the same way: 'a leopard keeps watch against their cities' (Jer 5:6).
Habakkuk · 1
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Habakkuk 1:8 מִנְּמֵרִ֜ים more than leopards
Their horses are swifter than leopards, fiercer than wolves of the night. Their horsemen charge ahead, and their cavalry comes from afar. They fly like a vulture, swooping down to devour.
Here: The Hebrew 'more than' is a prefix on this word. The leopard still lived in the hills and thickets of Israel and was known for sudden, fast ambush attacks (compare Hosea 13:7 and Jeremiah 5:6).
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.