Hebrew word · H5518
סִיר
sir
pot
A large cooking pot or cauldron, used in homes and also for boiling sacrificial meat at the sanctuary (Exod 27:3; 2 Kgs 25:14; Zech 14:20–21).
Appears 34 times in 32 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·
What it means
1) pot
1a) pot (household utensil)
1b) pot (of temple)
Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
In depth
From the study of Ezekiel 24:6
- Range of meaning
A large cooking pot or cauldron, used in homes and also for boiling sacrificial meat at the sanctuary (Exod 27:3; 2 Kgs 25:14; Zech 14:20–21).
- Against the English
'Pot' and 'cauldron' are both accurate. What English readers miss is the earlier use of the image in Ezekiel.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Ezek 11:3, 7, 11 quotes the Jerusalem leaders' slogan, 'This city is the pot, and we are the meat': the walls would protect them as a pot protects its meat. God answered there that the only 'meat' worth the name was the people they had killed, and that they themselves would be brought out of it. Compare also Jer 1:13, the boiling pot from the north.
From the study of Jeremiah 52:18
- Range of meaning
Sir: a large pot or cauldron, used for cooking and for carrying out fatty ash (Exodus 27:3, 'pots for removing its ashes'). Ya': a shovel for scooping ash, probably from a root meaning 'sweep together' (compare Isaiah 28:17).
- Against the English
Most versions say 'pots/caldrons' and 'shovels', which is accurate. Some paraphrases make the pots 'ash buckets', which fits Exodus 27:3 but narrows the word.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Exodus 27:3; 38:3; 1 Kings 7:40, 45; 2 Kings 25:14. Zechariah 14:20-21 pictures the 'pots in the LORD's house' as holy.
From the study of Ezekiel 24:3
- Range of meaning
A large cooking pot or cauldron, of pottery or metal. Used for boiling meat and stews (Exod 16:3 'pots of meat'; 2 Kgs 4:38–41), and as a temple vessel for ash and for boiling sacrificial meat (Exod 27:3; Zech 14:20–21). A different word spelled the same way means 'thorn', and Eccl 7:6 puns on the two.
- Against the English
'Pot' (KJV, BSB, ESV, NASB, NIV), 'cauldron' (WEB). Both are fine. 'Cauldron' better conveys the large metal vessel implied by v. 11.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Jer 1:13: a boiling pot tipped from the north as an image of invasion. Mic 3:3: rulers carve up the people 'like meat in the pot'. Most important, Ezek 11:3, 7, 11: Jerusalem's leaders boasted, 'This city is the pot and we are the meat.' A pot keeps the meat out of the fire, and the boast meant 'we are safe inside the walls.' God answered that they would be dragged out of it.
Where it appears
Exodus · 3
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Exodus 16:3 סִ֣יר [the] pot of
“If only we had died by the LORD’s hand in the land of Egypt!” they said. “There we sat by pots of meat and ate our fill of bread, but you have brought us into this desert to starve this whole assembly to death!”
Here: An ordinary cooking pot, the kind used for boiling stew (2 Kgs 4:38) and for temple meat (Exod 27:3). Singular: “the pot of meat.”
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Exodus 27:3 סִּֽירֹתָיו֙ pots its
Make all its utensils of bronze—its pots for removing ashes, its shovels, its sprinkling bowls, its meat forks, and its firepans.
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Exodus 38:3 הַסִּירֹ֤ת the pots
He made all the altar’s utensils of bronze—its pots, shovels, sprinkling bowls, meat forks, and firepans.
1 Kings · 1
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1 Kings 7:45 הַסִּיר֨וֹת the pots
and the pots, shovels, and sprinkling bowls. All the articles that Huram made for King Solomon in the house of the LORD were made of burnished bronze.
2 Kings · 6
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2 Kings 4:38 הַסִּ֣יר the pot
When Elisha returned to Gilgal, there was a famine in the land. As the sons of the prophets were sitting at his feet, he said to his attendant, “Put on the large pot and boil some stew for the sons of the prophets.”
Here: A wide cooking pot or cauldron for boiling food. 'The pot' points to a particular household pot the servant knew.
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2 Kings 4:39 סִ֥יר [the] pot of
One of them went out to the field to gather herbs, and he found a wild vine from which he gathered as many wild gourds as his garment could hold. Then he came back and cut them up into the pot of stew, though no one knew what they were.
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2 Kings 4:40 בַּסִּיר֙ [is] in the pot
And they poured it out for the men to eat, but when they tasted the stew they cried out, “There is death in the pot, O man of God!” And they could not eat it.
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2 Kings 4:41 הַסִּ֑יר בַּסִּֽיר׃ ס the pot, in the pot
Then Elisha said, “Get some flour.” He threw it into the pot and said, “Pour it out for the people to eat.” And there was nothing harmful in the pot.
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2 Kings 25:14 הַסִּירֹ֨ת the pots
They also took away the pots, shovels, wick trimmers, dishes, and all the articles of bronze used in the temple service.
2 Chronicles · 3
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2 Chronicles 4:11 הַ֨סִּיר֔וֹת the pots
Additionally, Huram made the pots, shovels, and sprinkling bowls. So Huram finished the work that he had undertaken for King Solomon in the house of God:
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2 Chronicles 4:16 הַ֠סִּירוֹת the pots
and the pots, shovels, meat forks, and all the other articles. All these objects that Huram-abi made for King Solomon for the house of the LORD were of polished bronze.
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2 Chronicles 35:13 בַּסִּיר֤וֹת in <the> pots
They roasted the Passover animals on the fire according to the regulation, and they boiled the other holy offerings in pots, kettles, and bowls and quickly brought them to all the people.
Here: Ordinary cooking pots, the same word as the 'fleshpots' of Egypt in Exodus 16:3 and the temple pots of Exodus 27:3.
Job · 1
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Job 41:31 כַּסִּ֣יר like <the> pot
He makes the depths seethe like a cauldron; he makes the sea like a jar of ointment.
Psalms · 3
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Psalm 58:9 סִּֽירֹתֵיכֶ֣ם pots your
Before your pots can feel the burning thorns—whether green or dry—He will sweep them away.
Here: "Your pots." These are the clay or metal cooking pots of daily life. "Your" refers to the corrupt rulers addressed in verses 1–2. The same consonants also make a word for "thorns," and the poet may intend the echo, since thorns are the fuel in this picture.
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Psalm 60:8 סִ֬יר [is] [the] pot of
Moab is My washbasin; upon Edom I toss My sandal; over Philistia I shout in triumph.”
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Psalm 108:9 סִ֬יר [is] [the] pot of
Moab is My washbasin; upon Edom I toss My sandal; over Philistia I shout in triumph.”
Ecclesiastes · 2
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Ecclesiastes 7:6 הַסִּירִים֙ הַסִּ֔יר <the> thorns, the pot
For like the crackling of thorns under the pot, so is the laughter of the fool. This too is futile.
Isaiah · 1
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Isaiah 34:13 סִירִ֔ים thorns
Her towers will be overgrown with thorns, her fortresses with thistles and briers. She will become a haunt for jackals, an abode for ostriches.
Jeremiah · 3
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Jeremiah 1:13 סִ֤יר a pot
Again the word of the LORD came to me, asking, “What do you see?” “I see a boiling pot,” I replied, “and it is tilting toward us from the north.”
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Jeremiah 52:18 הַ֠סִּרוֹת the pots
They also took away the pots, shovels, wick trimmers, sprinkling bowls, dishes, and all the articles of bronze used in the temple service.
Here: Large cooking pots belonging to the altar. They were used to carry away the fatty ash (Exodus 27:3) and to boil sacrificial meat. Here the word is spelled without its usual middle letter (compare הַסִּירוֹת in v.19).
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Jeremiah 52:19 הַסִּיר֣וֹת the pots
The captain of the guard also took away the basins, censers, sprinkling bowls, pots, lampstands, pans, and drink offering bowls—anything made of pure gold or fine silver.
Ezekiel · 5
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Ezekiel 11:3 הַסִּ֔יר [is] the pot
They are saying, ‘Is not the time near to build houses? The city is the cooking pot, and we are the meat.’
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Ezekiel 11:7 הַסִּ֑יר [is] the pot
Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: The slain you have laid within this city are the meat, and the city is the pot; but I will remove you from it.
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Ezekiel 11:11 לְסִ֔יר <into> a pot
The city will not be a pot for you, nor will you be the meat within it. I will judge you even to the borders of Israel.
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Ezekiel 24:3 הַסִּיר֙ the pot
Now speak a parable to this rebellious house and tell them that this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Put the pot on the fire; put it on and pour in the water.
Here: 'The pot': a large cooking pot, here apparently metal (v. 11 mentions its copper/bronze). 'The' points to a pot the hearers already knew from a saying: Jerusalem as the pot (11:3).
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Ezekiel 24:6 סִ֚יר a pot
Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: ‘Woe to the city of bloodshed, to the pot now rusted, whose rust will not come off! Empty it piece by piece; cast no lots for its contents.
Here: A large cooking pot. Verse 11 shows it is bronze. It continues the image of vv. 3–5 and picks up the slogan of Ezek 11:3, 'this city is the pot'.
Hosea · 1
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Hosea 2:6 בַּסִּירִ֑ים with <the> thorns
Therefore, behold, I will hedge up her path with thorns; I will enclose her with a wall, so she cannot find her way.
Amos · 1
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Amos 4:2 בְּסִיר֥וֹת with hooks of
The Lord GOD has sworn by His holiness: “Behold, the days are coming when you will be taken away with hooks, and your posterity with fishhooks.
Here: Hebrew has one word 'sir' meaning 'pot' and another meaning 'thorn'. The plural form here, sirot, matches 'pots'; the supplied data and most English versions take it as 'thorns' used as hooks. Either way it is fishing gear.
Micah · 1
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Micah 3:3 בַּסִּ֔יר in the pot
You eat the flesh of my people after stripping off their skin and breaking their bones. You chop them up like flesh for the cooking pot, like meat in a cauldron.”
Nahum · 1
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Nahum 1:10 סִירִ֣ים thorns
For they will be entangled as with thorns and consumed like the drink of a drunkard—like stubble that is fully dry.
Here: Thornbushes, the prickly scrub of the Levant that people gathered as quick-burning fuel. The same word, spelled the same way, also means 'cooking pots', so a Hebrew ear would naturally link thorns with fire.
Zechariah · 2
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Zechariah 14:20 הַסִּירוֹת֙ the pots
On that day, HOLY TO THE LORD will be inscribed on the bells of the horses, and the cooking pots in the house of the LORD will be like the sprinkling bowls before the altar.
Here: Large cooking pots, used in the temple for boiling sacrificial meat and for carrying away ash (Exod 27:3; 1 Sam 2:13–14). They were working kitchen vessels, low in the ranking of temple equipment.
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Zechariah 14:21 סִ֨יר pot
Indeed, every pot in Jerusalem and Judah will be holy to the LORD of Hosts, and all who sacrifice will come and take some pots and cook in them. And on that day there will no longer be a Canaanite in the house of the LORD of Hosts.
Here: An ordinary pot for boiling, as found in any kitchen. The temple also used pots like this to boil the meat of sacrificial meals (1 Sam 2:13–14). In the temple's ranking of vessels they stood well below the bowls used at the altar.
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.