Hebrew word · H623
אָסָף
'asaf
Asaph
A personal name from the verb asaph, 'to gather, collect'. It may mean '(God) has gathered' or be a shortened form of a longer name.
Appears 46 times in 41 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·
What it means
A man of the tribe of Levi living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.6.39;
son of: Berechiah (H1296H);
father of: Zaccur (H2139J), Joseph (H3130I), Nethaniah (H5418H) and Asharelah (H0841)
§ Asaph = "gatherer"
1) the father of Hezekiah's secretary
2) a son of Berechiah, chief Levite musician under David
3) a Persian officer over the royal forest
Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
In depth
From the study of 1 Chronicles 6:39
- Range of meaning
A personal name from the verb asaph, 'to gather, collect'. It may mean '(God) has gathered' or be a shortened form of a longer name.
- Against the English
Every version simply writes 'Asaph'.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Asaph is named as a singer with cymbals in 1 Chr 15:17–19 and 16:5–7. His sons prophesy with instruments in 1 Chr 25:1–2. He is called 'the seer' in 2 Chr 29:30. Twelve psalms are headed 'of Asaph' (Pss 50, 73–83). 'The sons of Asaph' are the only singers listed among the returning exiles in Ezra 2:41 and Neh 7:44.
Where it appears
2 Kings · 2
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2 Kings 18:18 אָסָ֖ף Asaph
Then they called for the king. And Eliakim son of Hilkiah the palace administrator, Shebnah the scribe, and Joah son of Asaph the recorder, went out to them.
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2 Kings 18:37 אָסָ֧ף Asaph
Then Hilkiah’s son Eliakim the palace administrator, Shebna the scribe, and Asaph’s son Joah the recorder came to Hezekiah with their clothes torn, and they relayed to him the words of the Rabshakeh.
1 Chronicles · 16
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1 Chronicles 6:39 אָסָ֔ף אָסָ֥ף Asaph
Heman’s kinsman was Asaph, who served at his right hand: Asaph the son of Berechiah, the son of Shimea,
Here: The name of the second of David's three chief singers. The name comes from the verb 'to gather', and twelve psalms carry it in their titles (Psalm 50 and Psalms 73–83). Here it is named first and then repeated, so that his line of ancestors can follow.
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1 Chronicles 9:15 אָסָֽף׃ Asaph
Bakbakkar, Heresh, Galal, and Mattaniah son of Mica, the son of Zichri, the son of Asaph;
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1 Chronicles 15:17 אָסָ֖ף Asaph
So the Levites appointed Heman son of Joel; from his brothers, Asaph son of Berechiah; from their brothers the Merarites, Ethan son of Kushaiah;
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1 Chronicles 15:19 אָסָ֖ף Asaph
The musicians Heman, Asaph, and Ethan were to sound the bronze cymbals.
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1 Chronicles 16:5 אָסָ֥ף וְאָסָ֖ף Asaph, and Asaph
Asaph was the chief, Zechariah was second, then Jeiel, Shemiramoth, Jehiel, Mattithiah, Eliab, Benaiah, Obed-edom, and Jeiel. They were to play the harps and lyres, while Asaph sounded the cymbals
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1 Chronicles 16:7 אָסָ֖ף Asaph
On that day David first committed to Asaph and his associates this song of thanksgiving to the LORD:
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1 Chronicles 16:37 לְאָסָ֖ף <to> Asaph
So David left Asaph and his associates there before the ark of the covenant of the LORD, to minister there regularly according to the daily requirements,
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1 Chronicles 25:1 אָסָף֙ Asaph
Additionally, David and the commanders of the army set apart some of the sons of Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun to prophesy with the accompaniment of lyres, harps, and cymbals. The following is the list of the men who performed this service:
Here: A Levite of the Gershon line and head of a singer guild. Psalms 50 and 73–83 bear his name. 2 Chr 29:30 calls him a 'seer'.
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1 Chronicles 25:2 אָסָ֗ף אָסָ֑ף אָסָ֔ף Asaph
From the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, Joseph, Nethaniah, and Asarelah. These sons of Asaph were under the direction of Asaph, who prophesied under the direction of the king.
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1 Chronicles 25:6 אָסָ֥ף Asaph
All these were under the direction of their fathers for the music of the house of the LORD with cymbals, harps, and lyres, for the service of the house of God. Asaph, Jeduthun, and Heman were under the direction of the king.
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1 Chronicles 25:9 לְאָסָ֖ף for Asaph
The first lot, which was for Asaph, fell to Joseph, his sons, and his brothers—12 in all; the second to Gedaliah, his sons, and his brothers—12 in all;
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1 Chronicles 26:1 אָסָֽף׃ Asaph
These were the divisions of the gatekeepers: From the Korahites: Meshelemiah son of Kore, one of the sons of Asaph.
2 Chronicles · 6
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2 Chronicles 5:12 לְאָסָ֡ף <to> Asaph
all the Levitical singers—Asaph, Heman, Jeduthun, and their sons and relatives—stood on the east side of the altar, dressed in fine linen and playing cymbals, harps, and lyres, accompanied by 120 priests sounding trumpets.
Here: Head of one of the three Levitical singing guilds (1 Chr 6:39; 25:1–2). Psalms 50 and 73–83 bear his name. The le- again means 'namely,' not 'to.'
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2 Chronicles 20:14 אָסָ֑ף Asaph
Then the Spirit of the LORD came upon Jahaziel son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah, a Levite from Asaph’s descendants, as he stood in the midst of the assembly.
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2 Chronicles 29:13 אָסָ֔ף Asaph
Shimri and Jeuel from the Elizaphanites; Zechariah and Mattaniah from the Asaphites;
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2 Chronicles 29:30 וְאָסָ֣ף and Asaph
Then King Hezekiah and his officials ordered the Levites to sing praises to the LORD in the words of David and of Asaph the seer. So they sang praises with gladness and bowed down and worshiped.
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2 Chronicles 35:15 אָסָ֜ף וְאָסָ֞ף Asaph, and Asaph
The singers, the descendants of Asaph, were at their stations according to the command of David, Asaph, Heman, and Jeduthun the king’s seer. And the gatekeepers at each gate did not need to leave their posts, because their fellow Levites made preparations for them.
Ezra · 2
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Ezra 2:41 אָסָ֔ף Asaph
The singers: the descendants of Asaph, 128.
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Ezra 3:10 אָסָף֙ Asaph
When the builders had laid the foundation of the temple of the LORD, the priests in their apparel with trumpets, and the Levites (the sons of Asaph) with cymbals, took their positions to praise the LORD, as David king of Israel had prescribed.
Here: The Levite whom David appointed as chief musician (1 Chr 16:4-7). His name is attached to Psalms 50 and 73–83. His guild carried on the Davidic musical tradition.
Nehemiah · 6
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Nehemiah 2:8 אָסָף֩ Asaph
And may I have a letter to Asaph, keeper of the king’s forest, so that he will give me timber to make beams for the gates of the citadel to the temple, for the city wall, and for the house I will occupy.” And because the gracious hand of my God was upon me, the king granted my requests.
Here: The official in charge of the royal park. The name is Hebrew (it is also the name of a Levite singers' guild), so he may have been a Jew or other West Semite in Persian service. That is possible but cannot be proven. Nehemiah knows his name, which shows he knows the provincial staff.
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Nehemiah 7:44 אָסָ֔ף Asaph
The singers: the descendants of Asaph, 148.
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Nehemiah 11:17 אָסָ֜ף Asaph
Mattaniah son of Mica, the son of Zabdi, the son of Asaph, who led in thanksgiving and prayer; Bakbukiah, second among his associates; and Abda son of Shammua, the son of Galal, the son of Jeduthun.
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Nehemiah 11:22 אָסָף֙ Asaph
Now the overseer of the Levites in Jerusalem was Uzzi son of Bani, the son of Hashabiah, the son of Mattaniah, the son of Mica. He was one of Asaph’s descendants, who were the singers in charge of the service of the house of God.
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Nehemiah 12:35 אָסָֽף׃ Asaph
and some of the priests with trumpets, and also Zechariah son of Jonathan, the son of Shemaiah, the son of Mattaniah, the son of Micaiah, the son of Zaccur, the son of Asaph,
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Nehemiah 12:46 וְאָסָ֖ף and Asaph
For long ago, in the days of David and Asaph, there were directors for the singers and for the songs of praise and thanksgiving to God.
Psalms · 12
Isaiah · 2
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Isaiah 36:3 אָסָ֖ף Asaph
Then Eliakim son of Hilkiah the palace administrator, Shebna the scribe, and Joah son of Asaph the recorder, went out to him.
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Isaiah 36:22 אָסָ֧ף Asaph
Then Hilkiah’s son Eliakim the palace administrator, Shebna the scribe, and Asaph’s son Joah the recorder came to Hezekiah with their clothes torn, and they relayed to him the words of the Rabshakeh.
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.