עַתּוּד

Genesis 31:10 הָֽעַתֻּדִים֙ the male goats

When the flocks were breeding, I saw in a dream that the streaked, spotted, and speckled males were mating with the females.

Genesis 31:12 הָֽעַתֻּדִים֙ the male goats

‘Look up,’ he said, ‘and see that all the males that are mating with the flock are streaked, spotted, or speckled; for I have seen all that Laban has done to you.

Numbers 7:17 עַתּוּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Nahshon son of Amminadab.

Numbers 7:23 עַתּוּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Nethanel son of Zuar.

Numbers 7:29 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Eliab son of Helon.

Numbers 7:35 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Elizur son of Shedeur.

Numbers 7:41 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai.

Numbers 7:47 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Eliasaph son of Deuel.

Numbers 7:53 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Elishama son of Ammihud.

Numbers 7:59 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Gamaliel son of Pedahzur.

Numbers 7:65 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Abidan son of Gideoni.

Numbers 7:71 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai.

Numbers 7:77 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Pagiel son of Ocran.

Numbers 7:83 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

and a peace offering of two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs a year old. This was the offering of Ahira son of Enan.

Numbers 7:88 עַתֻּדִ֣ים goats

All the livestock sacrificed for the peace offering totaled twenty-four bulls, sixty rams, sixty male goats, and sixty male lambs a year old. This was the dedication offering for the altar after it was anointed.

Deuteronomy 32:14 וְעַתּוּדִ֔ים and goats

with curds from the herd and milk from the flock, with the fat of lambs, with rams from Bashan, and goats, with the choicest grains of wheat. From the juice of the finest grapes you drank the wine.

Here: Mature male goats, the strong leaders of a flock (compare Jer 50:8). They complete the set of livestock: cattle, sheep and goats.

Psalm 50:9 עַתּוּדִֽים׃ goats

I have no need for a bull from your stall or goats from your pens,

Psalm 50:13 עַתּוּדִ֣ים goats

Do I eat the flesh of bulls, or drink the blood of goats?

Psalm 66:15 עַתּוּדִ֣ים goats

I will offer You fatlings as burnt offerings, with the fragrant smoke of rams; I will offer bulls and goats. Selah

Proverbs 27:26 עַתּוּדִֽים׃ goats

the lambs will provide you with clothing, and the goats with the price of a field.

Isaiah 1:11 וְעַתּוּדִ֖ים and goats

“What good to Me is your multitude of sacrifices?” says the LORD. “I am full from the burnt offerings of rams and the fat of well-fed cattle; I take no delight in the blood of bulls and lambs and goats.

Here: Male goats, often used in purification ("sin") offerings for the community. With bulls and lambs, the list covers the whole range of sacrificial animals.

Isaiah 14:9 עַתּ֣וּדֵי [the] leaders of

Sheol beneath is eager to meet you upon your arrival. It stirs the spirits of the dead to greet you—all the rulers of the earth. It makes all the kings of the nations rise from their thrones.

Isaiah 34:6 וְעַתּוּדִ֔ים and goats

The sword of the LORD is bathed in blood. It drips with fat—with the blood of lambs and goats, with the fat of the kidneys of rams. For the LORD has a sacrifice in Bozrah, a great slaughter in the land of Edom.

Here: 'And he-goats'. These are the lead male goats of a flock, and Hebrew poetry uses the word for chiefs and rulers (Isa 14:9, 'the he-goats of the earth'; Zech 10:3). It hints at Edom's leaders.

Jeremiah 50:8 כְּעַתּוּדִ֖ים like male goats

Flee from the midst of Babylon; depart from the land of the Chaldeans; be like the he-goats that lead the flock.

Here: "Like he-goats." Male goats were known for pushing to the front of a mixed flock and leading it out. The same word is used as a metaphor for leaders (Isa 14:9; Zech 10:3). Here it is a positive picture of boldness and going first.

Jeremiah 51:40 עַתּוּדִֽים׃ goats

I will bring them down like lambs to the slaughter, like rams with male goats.

Ezekiel 27:21 וְעַתּוּדִ֔ים and goats

Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your customers, trading in lambs, rams, and goats.

Ezekiel 34:17 וְלָעַתּוּדִֽים׃ and <the> male goats

This is what the Lord GOD says to you, My flock: ‘I will judge between one sheep and another, between the rams and the goats.

Ezekiel 39:18 וְעַתּוּדִים֙ and goats

You will eat the flesh of the mighty and drink the blood of the princes of the earth as though they were rams, lambs, goats, and bulls—all the fattened animals of Bashan.

Zechariah 10:3 הָעַתּוּדִ֖ים the leaders

“My anger burns against the shepherds, and I will punish the leaders. For the LORD of Hosts attends to His flock, the house of Judah; He will make them like His royal steed in battle.

Here: Male goats, the animals that lead a mixed flock. Used figuratively for chiefs or bellwether leaders. The image stays in the pasture while naming the powerful.