μανθάνω

Matthew 9:13 μάθετε do learn

But go and learn what this means: ‘I desire mercy, not sacrifice.’ For I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners.”

Here: A command, "learn!" It comes from the same root as mathētēs, "disciple, learner." The Pharisees, who were respected teachers of the Law, are sent back to be learners of a text they already knew.

Matthew 11:29 μάθετε do learn

Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.

Here: Become learners. This is the verb behind the word for 'disciple' (mathētēs, 'learner'), so the call is to enter a teacher–student relationship, not just to pick up information.

Matthew 24:32 μάθετε do learn

Now learn this lesson from the fig tree: As soon as its branches become tender and sprout leaves, you know that summer is near.

Here: A command addressed to the group: 'learn!' The form points to a single act of grasping the point once and for all. It comes from the same root as 'disciple' (mathētēs), 'one who learns'.

Mark 13:28 μάθετε do learn

Now learn this lesson from the fig tree: As soon as its branches become tender and sprout leaves, you know that summer is near.

John 6:45 μαθὼν having learned

It is written in the Prophets: ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who has heard the Father and learned from Him comes to Me—

Here: From the same root as mathētēs, 'disciple.' It means learning as a pupil learns from a teacher, so that the lesson takes hold. Hearing alone is not enough. The lesson has been received.

John 7:15 μεμαθηκώς;¶ having studied?

The Jews were amazed and asked, “How did this man attain such learning without having studied?”

Here: Perfect participle: 'being one who has (not) been through instruction.' It comes from the same root as 'disciple' (mathētēs). The point is that he has never been anyone's student, never sat under a recognized teacher.

Acts 23:27 μαθὼν having learned

This man was seized by the Jews, and they were about to kill him when I came with my troops to rescue him. For I had learned that he is a Roman citizen,

Here: "Having learned". The participle is loosely attached. In context it suggests that Lysias found out Paul's citizenship before or as a reason for the rescue, which is not what happened in Acts 22.

Romans 16:17 ἐμάθετε have learned

Now I urge you, brothers, to watch out for those who create divisions and obstacles that are contrary to the teaching you have learned. Turn away from them.

Here: Aorist (simple past). It points back to when they were first instructed, as something already settled.

1 Corinthians 4:6 μάθητε you may learn

Brothers, I have applied these things to myself and Apollos for your benefit, so that you may learn from us not to go beyond what is written. Then you will not take pride in one man over another.

Here: The verb for a pupil learning a lesson, related to mathētēs ('disciple, pupil'). The form looks at the lesson learned as a whole. Fittingly, the Corinthians were behaving like rival students boasting about their masters.

1 Corinthians 14:31 μανθάνωσιν may learn

For you can all prophesy in turn so that everyone may be instructed and encouraged.

1 Corinthians 14:35 μαθεῖν to learn

If they wish to inquire about something, they are to ask their own husbands at home; for it is dishonorable for a woman to speak in the church.

Galatians 3:2 μαθεῖν to learn

I would like to learn just one thing from you: Did you receive the Spirit by works of the law, or by hearing with faith?

Here: 'To learn' carries some irony. Paul was their teacher, and now he asks to be taught by them about their own experience, which they cannot deny.

Ephesians 4:20 ἐμάθετε learned

But this is not the way you came to know Christ.

Here: 'You learned.' This is the verb behind 'disciple' (mathētēs, 'learner'). The simple past tense points to the time when they were first taught the faith. It covers instruction and the way of life that goes with it, not only facts.

Philippians 4:9 ἐμάθετε you have learned

Whatever you have learned or received or heard from me, or seen in me, put it into practice. And the God of peace will be with you.

Here: "You learned": learning as a disciple learns from a teacher. The aorist (simple past) tense looks back to the time Paul taught them in Philippi.

Philippians 4:11 ἔμαθον have learned

I am not saying this out of need, for I have learned to be content regardless of my circumstances.

Here: Simple past (aorist). It sums up a learning process as a finished whole. The point is that this ability was acquired through experience. It was not his natural temperament.

Colossians 1:7 ἐμάθετε you learned

You learned it from Epaphras, our beloved fellow servant, who is a faithful minister of Christ on our behalf,

Here: 'You learned', a completed past act. They were taught: the gospel came to them as instruction passed on by a teacher. It belongs to the same word family as mathētēs, 'disciple, learner'.

1 Timothy 2:11 μανθανέτω should learn

A woman must learn in quietness and full submissiveness.

Here: A command in the third person ('let her learn'), in the present tense, which points to ongoing learning. The word is used for a disciple being taught, and in this letter that means learning the apostolic teaching. Grammatically, learning is the thing commanded. The phrases around the verb set out how she is to do it.

1 Timothy 5:4 μανθανέτωσαν they should learn

But if a widow has children or grandchildren, they must first learn to show godliness to their own family and repay their parents, for this is pleasing in the sight of God.

Here: A third-person command in the present tense: "they are to learn," or "let them keep learning." Learning here means being trained into a practice, not just taking in information. The plural switches the subject from the one widow to her children and grandchildren.

1 Timothy 5:13 μανθάνουσιν they learn

At the same time they will also learn to be idle, going from house to house and being not only idle, but also gossips and busybodies, discussing things they should not mention.

Here: Present tense: an ongoing process, picking up a habit. The grammar is unusual, since 'learn' sits beside an adjective with no 'to be'. Most read it as 'they learn to be idle'. Some read it as 'being idle, they learn', meaning they take things in as they go around (see debates).

2 Timothy 3:7 μανθάνοντα learning

who are always learning but never able to come to a knowledge of the truth.

Here: 'Learning, being taught.' The present tense pictures an activity that keeps going without end. The ending is neuter plural, so it goes with the 'little women' (gynaikaria) of verse 6, not with the teachers. They are the ones forever taking in instruction, apparently from the people who have worked their way into their homes.

2 Timothy 3:14 ἔμαθες ἔμαθες, you have learned, you learned [them],

But as for you, continue in the things you have learned and firmly believed, since you know from whom you have learned them.

Here: "You learned", in a tense that looks back on the learning as something completed. The verb belongs to the same family as "disciple" (mathētēs): learning from a teacher, not private discovery.

Titus 3:14 μανθανέτωσαν should learn

And our people must also learn to devote themselves to good works in order to meet the pressing needs of others, so that they will not be unfruitful.

Here: A present-tense command in the third person, "let them learn", with the sense of keep on learning. It means learning by teaching and practice until the thing becomes a habit, not just picking up a fact.

Hebrews 5:8 ἔμαθεν He learned

Although He was a Son, He learned obedience from what He suffered.

Here: Learning by experience, not book learning. The aorist tense sums up his whole earthly path, the passion above all, as one completed act of learning. It rhymes with ἔπαθεν ('he suffered').

Revelation 14:3 μαθεῖν to learn

And they sang a new song before the throne and before the four living creatures and the elders. And no one could learn the song except the 144,000 who had been redeemed from the earth.

Here: To learn the song so as to sing it, and so to understand it from the inside. A song is learned by being taught it and by living the story it tells.