Hebrew word · H130

אֲדֹמִי

'adomi

Edomite

Gentilic nouns, meaning words for a member of a people: "an Edomite", "an Egyptian". Edom was the hill country of Seir, south and south-east of the Dead Sea. Mitsrayim was the Nile kingdom.

Appears 12 times in 12 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·

What it means

Someone from Edom, an Edomite

Group of e.dom (אֱדוֹם "Edom" H0123)

Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of Deuteronomy 23:7

Range of meaning

Gentilic nouns, meaning words for a member of a people: "an Edomite", "an Egyptian". Edom was the hill country of Seir, south and south-east of the Dead Sea. Mitsrayim was the Nile kingdom.

Against the English

The English is accurate. The point to notice is the singular: the law is about how Israel treats an individual of that people, most likely one living among them.

Used elsewhere in the period

Edom and Egypt both appear constantly in Israel's story as kin or host and as rival or oppressor. David subdued Edom (2 Sam 8:13–14) and it later revolted (2 Kgs 8:20–22). After the fall of Jerusalem in 587 BC, Edom was remembered with bitterness (Ps 137:7; Lam 4:21–22; Obadiah). Ezra 9:1 lists "the Egyptians" among peoples whose "abominations" (to'evot) Israel was mixing with.

Where it appears

Deuteronomy · 1

  1. Deuteronomy 23:7 אֲדֹמִ֔י an Edomite

    Do not despise an Edomite, for he is your brother. Do not despise an Egyptian, because you lived as a foreigner in his land.

    Here: A man of Edom, the kingdom south-east of the Dead Sea. Israel traced its people back to Esau, Jacob's twin. The singular means any individual Edomite, especially one living among Israel.

1 Samuel · 4

  1. 1 Samuel 21:7 הָאֲדֹמִ֑י the Edomite

    Now one of Saul’s servants was there that day, detained before the LORD. And his name was Doeg the Edomite, the chief shepherd for Saul.

  2. 1 Samuel 22:9 הָאֲדֹמִ֗י the Edomite

    But Doeg the Edomite, who had stationed himself with Saul’s servants, answered: “I saw the son of Jesse come to Ahimelech son of Ahitub at Nob.

  3. 1 Samuel 22:18 הָאֲדֹמִ֗י the Edomite

    So the king ordered Doeg, “You turn and strike down the priests!” And Doeg the Edomite turned and struck down the priests himself. On that day he killed eighty-five men who wore the linen ephod.

  4. 1 Samuel 22:22 הָאֲדֹמִ֔י the Edomite

    Then David said to Abiathar, “I knew that Doeg the Edomite was there that day, and that he was sure to tell Saul. I myself am responsible for the lives of everyone in your father’s house.

1 Kings · 3

  1. 1 Kings 11:1 אֲדֹ֣מִיֹּ֔ת Edomite [women]

    King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh—women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, and Sidon, as well as Hittite women.

    Here: Women from Edom, south-east of the Dead Sea. Deuteronomy 23:7 calls the Edomite 'your brother,' yet Edomite women are still on the list. The concern is their gods, not their bloodline.

  2. 1 Kings 11:14 הָאֲדֹמִ֑י the Edomite

    Then the LORD raised up against Solomon an adversary, Hadad the Edomite, from the royal line of Edom.

  3. 1 Kings 11:17 אֲדֹמִיִּ֜ים Edomite

    But Hadad, still just a young boy, had fled to Egypt, along with some Edomites who were servants of his father.

2 Kings · 1

  1. 2 Kings 16:6 וַֽאֲדוֹמִים֙ and Edomites

    At that time Rezin king of Aram recovered Elath for Aram, drove out the men of Judah, and sent the Edomites into Elath, where they live to this day.

2 Chronicles · 2

  1. 2 Chronicles 25:14 אֲדוֹמִ֔ים [the] Edomites

    When Amaziah returned from the slaughter of the Edomites, he brought back the gods of the Seirites, set them up as his own gods, bowed before them, and burned sacrifices to them.

  2. 2 Chronicles 28:17 אֲדוֹמִ֖ים [the] Edomites

    The Edomites had again come and attacked Judah and carried away captives.

Psalms · 1

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.