Hebrew word · H3602
כָּ֫כָה
kakhah
thus
kakah: 'thus, so, in this way'. It points to something just described or about to be described. she-: a short form of the relative word ʾasher ('who, which, that'). It is common in later biblical Hebrew (Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Lamentations, Psalms 122–146) and in rabbinic Hebrew.
Appears 37 times in 35 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·
What it means
like this, thus
Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
In depth
From the study of Psalm 144:15
- Range of meaning
kakah: 'thus, so, in this way'. It points to something just described or about to be described. she-: a short form of the relative word ʾasher ('who, which, that'). It is common in later biblical Hebrew (Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Lamentations, Psalms 122–146) and in rabbinic Hebrew.
- Against the English
KJV 'that is in such a case', WEB 'in such a situation', BSB 'of whom this is so', YLT 'that is thus'. ESV expands it to 'such blessings', which spells out the reference but adds a noun the Hebrew does not have.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Hebrew uses kakah to point back to what has just been described (e.g. Esth 6:9, 11: 'thus shall it be done to the man the king delights to honour'). she- clusters in the late Psalms: 122:3–4; 123:2; 124:1–2; 129:6–7; 133:2–3; 135:2, 8, 10; 136:23; 137:8–9; 144:15; 146:3, 5.
From the study of Joshua 10:25
- Range of meaning
Thus, so, like this; an adverb that points to something present or just described.
- Against the English
KJV and YLT 'thus' and BSB and WEB 'this' keep the pointing sense. Paraphrases may weaken how concrete it is.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Common pointing adverb (e.g. Num 11:15; Deut 29:24 [Heb 29:23]; Esth 6:9, 'thus shall it be done to the man…').
Where it appears
Exodus · 2
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Exodus 12:11 וְכָכָה֮ and thus
This is how you are to eat it: You must be fully dressed for travel, with your sandals on your feet and your staff in your hand. You are to eat in haste; it is the LORD’s Passover.
Here: Points forward to the manner of eating that follows. After rules about what to eat (vv. 8–10), the instruction now turns to how: the posture and dress of the eaters.
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Exodus 29:35 כָּ֔כָה thus
This is what you are to do for Aaron and his sons based on all that I have commanded you, taking seven days to ordain them.
Numbers · 5
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Numbers 8:26 כָּ֛כָה thus
After that, they may assist their brothers in fulfilling their duties at the Tent of Meeting, but they themselves are not to do the work. This is how you are to assign responsibilities to the Levites.”
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Numbers 11:15 כָּ֣כָה׀ thus
If this is how You are going to treat me, please kill me right now—if I have found favor in Your eyes—and let me not see my own wretchedness.”
Here: "Like this" points back to everything Moses has just described: being left as the only one to nurse, carry and feed a whole nation that is crying for meat (vv. 11–14).
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Numbers 15:11 כָּ֣כָה thus
This is to be done for each bull, ram, lamb, or goat.
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Numbers 15:12 כָּ֛כָה thus
This is how you must prepare each one, no matter how many.
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Numbers 15:13 כָּ֖כָה thus
Everyone who is native-born shall prepare these things in this way when he presents a food offering as a pleasing aroma to the LORD.
Deuteronomy · 2
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Deuteronomy 25:9 כָּ֚כָה thus
his brother’s widow shall go up to him in the presence of the elders, remove his sandal, spit in his face, and declare, “This is what is done to the man who will not maintain his brother’s line.”
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Deuteronomy 29:24 כָּ֖כָה thus
So all the nations will ask, ‘Why has the LORD done such a thing to this land? Why this great outburst of anger?’
Here: "Like this" or "such a thing." It points at the scene just described in v. 23, a land burned with sulfur and salt like Sodom.
Joshua · 1
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Joshua 10:25 כָ֗כָה thus
“Do not be afraid or discouraged,” Joshua said. “Be strong and courageous, for the LORD will do this to all the enemies you fight.”
Here: It points at the scene they are standing in: five humiliated kings, lately pulled out of the cave at Makkedah. "Exactly like this" is what Yahweh will do to the rest.
1 Samuel · 2
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1 Samuel 2:14 כָּ֚כָה thus
and plunge it into the pan or kettle or cauldron or cooking pot. And the priest would claim for himself whatever the meat fork brought up. This is how they treated all the Israelites who came to Shiloh.
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1 Samuel 19:17 כָּ֙כָה֙ thus
And Saul said to Michal, “Why did you deceive me like this? You sent my enemy away, and he has escaped!” Michal replied, “He said to me, ‘Help me get away, or I will kill you!’”
2 Samuel · 2
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2 Samuel 13:4 כָּ֣כָה thus
and he asked Amnon, “Why are you, the son of the king, so depressed morning after morning? Won’t you tell me?” Amnon replied, “I am in love with Tamar, my brother Absalom’s sister.”
Here: 'Like this', as if Jonadab points at Amnon's appearance: this far gone.
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2 Samuel 17:21 כָ֛כָה thus
After the men had gone, Ahimaaz and Jonathan climbed up out of the well and went to inform King David, saying, “Get up and cross over the river at once, for Ahithophel has given this advice against you.”
Here: 'In this way.' It points back to the plan the messengers had received through Hushai and the priests (17:15). The full details are not repeated, because the reader already knows them from 17:1–3.
1 Kings · 3
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1 Kings 1:6 כָּ֣כָה thus
(His father had never once reprimanded him by saying, “Why do you act this way?” Adonijah was also very handsome, born next after Absalom.)
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1 Kings 1:48 כָּ֖כָה thus
saying, ‘Blessed be the LORD, the God of Israel! Today He has provided one to sit on my throne, and my eyes have seen it.’”
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1 Kings 9:8 כָּ֔כָה thus
And when this temple has become a heap of rubble, all who pass by it will be appalled and will hiss and say, ‘Why has the LORD done such a thing to this land and to this temple?’
Here: 'Thus' or 'like this'. It points at the visible wreckage, as if the speaker were gesturing at the scene.
2 Chronicles · 3
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2 Chronicles 7:21 כָּ֔כָה thus
And when this temple has become a heap of rubble, all who pass by it will be appalled and say, ‘Why has the LORD done such a thing to this land and to this temple?’
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2 Chronicles 18:19 כָּ֔כָה כָּֽכָה׃ thus
And the LORD said, ‘Who will entice Ahab king of Israel to march up and fall at Ramoth-gilead?’ And one suggested this, and another that.
Nehemiah · 2
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Nehemiah 5:13 כָּ֣כָה וְכָ֛כָה thus, and thus
I also shook out the folds of my robe and said, “May God likewise shake out of his house and possessions every man who does not keep this promise. May such a man be shaken out and have nothing!” The whole assembly said, “Amen,” and they praised the LORD. And the people did as they had promised.
Here: “Just like this,” pointing to the gesture he has just made. The action becomes the picture of what God will do.
Esther · 3
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Esther 6:9 כָּ֚כָה thus
Let the robe and the horse be entrusted to one of the king’s most noble princes. Let them array the man the king wants to honor and parade him on the horse through the city square, proclaiming before him, ‘This is what is done for the man whom the king is delighted to honor!’”
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Esther 6:11 כָּ֚כָה thus
So Haman took the robe and the horse, arrayed Mordecai, and paraded him through the city square, crying out before him, “This is what is done for the man whom the king is delighted to honor!”
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Esther 9:26 כָּ֔כָה thus
Therefore these days are called Purim, from the word Pur. Because of all the instructions in this letter, and because of all they had seen and experienced,
Job · 1
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Job 1:5 כָּ֛כָה thus
And when the days of feasting were over, Job would send for his children to purify them, rising early in the morning to offer burnt offerings for all of them. For Job thought, “Perhaps my children have sinned and cursed God in their hearts.” This was Job’s regular practice.
Here: 'Thus': this exact routine.
Psalms · 1
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Psalm 144:15 שֶׁכָּ֣כָה that thus
Blessed are the people of whom this is so; blessed are the people whose God is the LORD.
Here: The short relative particle she- ('that, which', a form typical of later Hebrew) joined to kakah, 'thus'. 'Thus' points back to the picture in verses 12–14: thriving sons and daughters, full barns, multiplying flocks, safe city walls.
Ecclesiastes · 1
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Ecclesiastes 11:5 כָּ֗כָה thus
As you do not know the path of the wind, or how the bones are formed in a mother’s womb, so you cannot understand the work of God, the Maker of all things.
Here: 'So, in the same way': turns the two examples into the main point.
Song of Songs · 1
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Song of Songs 5:9 שֶׁכָּ֖כָה that thus
How is your beloved better than others, O most beautiful among women? How is your beloved better than another, that you charge us so?
Here: The short relative particle še- ('that', a form the Song uses often) plus kākâ, 'like this, so much'. It means 'that you have bound us in this way', pointing back to the solemn oath of 5:8.
Jeremiah · 5
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Jeremiah 13:9 כָּ֠כָה thus
“This is what the LORD says: In the same way I will ruin the pride of Judah and the great pride of Jerusalem.
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Jeremiah 19:11 כָּ֣כָה thus
and you are to proclaim to them that this is what the LORD of Hosts says: I will shatter this nation and this city, like one shatters a potter’s jar that can never again be repaired. They will bury the dead in Topheth until there is no more room to bury them.
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Jeremiah 22:8 כָּ֔כָה thus
And many nations will pass by this city and ask one another, ‘Why has the LORD done such a thing to this great city?’
Here: "Thus, like this." It points at the visible wreckage, as if the speaker were waving a hand at the ruins.
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Jeremiah 28:11 כָּ֣כָה thus
And in the presence of all the people Hananiah proclaimed, “This is what the LORD says: ‘In this way, within two years I will break the yoke of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon off the neck of all the nations.’” At this, Jeremiah the prophet went on his way.
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Jeremiah 51:64 כָּ֠כָה thus
Then you are to say, ‘In the same way Babylon will sink and never rise again, because of the disaster I will bring upon her. And her people will grow weary.’” Here end the words of Jeremiah.
Ezekiel · 2
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Ezekiel 4:13 כָּ֣כָה thus
Then the LORD said, “This is how the Israelites will eat their defiled bread among the nations to which I will banish them.”
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Ezekiel 31:18 כָּ֛כָה thus
Who then is like you in glory and greatness among the trees of Eden? You also will be brought down to the depths of the earth to be with the trees of Eden. You will lie among the uncircumcised, with those slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, declares the Lord GOD.’”
Here: Points back to the whole description of the giant tree in verses 3–9: 'you, being *like this*.'
Hosea · 1
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Hosea 10:15 כָּ֗כָה thus
Thus it will be done to you, O Bethel, because of your great wickedness. When the day dawns, the king of Israel will be utterly cut off.
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.