Hebrew word · H4185

מוּשׁ

yamish

to remove

"Depart, withdraw, move away, be removed"; with a negative it means "stay fixed, remain." A by-form, mish, stands behind the written consonants here.

Appears 20 times in 19 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·

What it means

1) to depart, remove

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to depart

1a2) to remove

1a3) to be removed (of inanimate objects)

1b) (Hiphil) to remove, depart

Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of Proverbs 17:13

Range of meaning

"Depart, withdraw, move away, be removed"; with a negative it means "stay fixed, remain." A by-form, mish, stands behind the written consonants here.

Against the English

"Depart" (KJV, ESV, NASB) and "leave" (BSB, NIV) are both fine. YLT's "moveth not" keeps the physical picture of something that will not budge.

Used elsewhere in the period

Exod 13:22 (the pillar of cloud "did not depart"); Josh 1:8 ("this book of the law shall not depart from your mouth"); Isa 54:10 ("the mountains may depart … but my steadfast love shall not depart from you"); Isa 59:21.

From the study of Isaiah 59:21

Range of meaning

To move away, depart, be removed, withdraw, cease.

Against the English

“Depart” (KJV, BSB, WEB) is accurate. NIV puts the idea positively (“will always be on your lips”), which is clear but loses the echo of other passages that use the same verb.

Used elsewhere in the period

“This book of the law shall not depart (lo-yamush) from your mouth” (Josh 1:8); “the mountains may depart … but my steadfast love shall not depart from you, nor my covenant of peace be removed” (Isa 54:10); the pillar of cloud “did not depart” (Exod 13:22).

From the study of Isaiah 46:7

Range of meaning

To move away, depart, withdraw, budge. Often used with "from (its) place". Used of the pillar of cloud not departing (Exod 13:22), of Joshua not leaving the tent (Exod 33:11), of the Torah not departing from one's mouth (Josh 1:8).

Against the English

KJV's "shall he not remove" uses "remove" in its older sense of "move away" (intransitive). A modern reader may misread it as "no one can take it away".

How it drifted

In Early Modern English "remove" could mean "move house, go elsewhere". That use has died out, so the KJV line now reads as though it were about someone removing the idol.

Used elsewhere in the period

Within the same part of Isaiah, God uses this verb of his own faithfulness: "the mountains may depart (yamushu)… but my steadfast love shall not depart (lo yamush) from you" (Isa 54:10; cf. 59:21).

Where it appears

Exodus · 2
  1. Exodus 13:22 יָמִ֞ישׁ it departed

    Neither the pillar of cloud by day nor the pillar of fire by night left its place before the people.

  2. Exodus 33:11 יָמִ֖ישׁ he departed

    Thus the LORD would speak to Moses face to face, as a man speaks to his friend. Then Moses would return to the camp, but his young assistant Joshua son of Nun would not leave the tent.

    Here: The verb form is ongoing: he 'would not move away' or 'never left.' It describes his constant presence, not one occasion.

Numbers · 1
  1. Numbers 14:44 מָ֖שׁוּ they departed

    But they dared to go up to the ridge of the hill country, though neither Moses nor the ark of the covenant of the LORD moved from the camp.

Joshua · 1
  1. Joshua 1:8 יָמ֡וּשׁ it will depart

    This Book of the Law must not depart from your mouth; meditate on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do everything written in it. For then you will prosper and succeed in all you do.

    Here: 'Shall move away / slip away.' The scroll's words are pictured as something that must never leave Joshua's mouth, a constant presence rather than an occasional visit.

Judges · 1
  1. Judges 6:18 תָמֻ֤שׁ you depart

    Please do not depart from this place until I return to You. Let me bring my offering and set it before You.” And the LORD said, “I will stay until you return.”

Job · 1
  1. Job 23:12 אָמִ֑ישׁ I have ceased

    I have not departed from the command of His lips; I have treasured the words of His mouth more than my daily bread.

    Here: "I have not moved away (from it)." This form of the verb is used without an object, as of the pillar of cloud that "did not depart" from Israel (Exod 13:22). It describes steady, unbroken adherence, the opposite of drifting off.

Psalms · 1
  1. Psalm 55:11 יָמִ֥ישׁ it departs

    Destruction is within; oppression and deceit never leave the streets.

Proverbs · 1
  1. Proverbs 17:13 תָמ֥וּשׁ it will depart

    If anyone returns evil for good, evil will never leave his house.

    Here: "It will (not) move away." The verb is used of things that stay fixed in place, like the pillar of cloud that "did not depart" from Israel (Exod 13:22). Here the harm settles in and stays.

Isaiah · 5
  1. Isaiah 22:25 תָּמוּשׁ֙ it will be removed

    In that day, declares the LORD of Hosts, the peg driven into a firm place will give way; it will be sheared off and fall, and the load upon it will be cut down.” Indeed, the LORD has spoken.

  2. Isaiah 46:7 יָמִ֑ישׁ it departs

    They lift it to their shoulder and carry it along; they set it in its place, and there it stands, not budging from that spot. They cry out to it, but it does not answer; it saves no one from his troubles.

    Here: "It does not budge." A statue that stays put might look stable and dignified. Here it means the god is helpless and cannot go anywhere to help anyone.

  3. Isaiah 54:10 יָמ֔וּשׁוּ יָמ֗וּשׁ they will be removed, it will be removed

    Though the mountains may be removed and the hills may be shaken, My loving devotion will not depart from you, and My covenant of peace will not be broken,” says the LORD, who has compassion on you.

    Here: "Will move away / may depart": the mountains shift from their place. The Hebrew verb form can mean either "will" or "may," so it fits a real future upheaval or a worst case. The same verb comes back below for God's loyal love.

  4. Isaiah 59:21 יָמ֡וּשׁוּ they will depart

    “As for Me, this is My covenant with them,” says the LORD. “My Spirit will not depart from you, and My words that I have put in your mouth will not depart from your mouth or from the mouths of your children and grandchildren, from now on and forevermore,” says the LORD.

    Here: The verb is plural, so spirit and words together are its subject. Neither will be withdrawn. It echoes Josh 1:8 (“this book of the law shall not depart from your mouth”) and Isa 54:10 (“my steadfast love shall not depart from you”).

Jeremiah · 2
  1. Jeremiah 17:8 יָמִ֖ישׁ it will cease

    He is like a tree planted by the waters that sends out its roots toward the stream. It does not fear when the heat comes, and its leaves are always green. It does not worry in a year of drought, nor does it cease to produce fruit.

    Here: To move away from or give up. The tree does not drop its work of bearing fruit.

  2. Jeremiah 31:36 יָמֻ֜שׁוּ they will depart

    “Only if this fixed order departed from My presence, declares the LORD, would Israel’s descendants ever cease to be a nation before Me.”

Micah · 2
  1. Micah 2:3 תָמִ֨ישׁוּ you will remove

    Therefore this is what the LORD says: “I am planning against this nation a disaster from which you cannot free your necks. Then you will not walk so proudly, for it will be a time of calamity.

    Here: 'You will (not) pull away' or 'slip out'. The same verb comes back in 2:4: 'How he has removed it from me!' They cannot remove their necks, but God removes their fields.

  2. Micah 2:4 יָמִ֣ישׁ he removes [it]

    In that day they will take up a proverb against you and taunt you with this bitter lamentation: ‘We are utterly ruined! He has changed the portion of my people. How He has removed it from me! He has allotted our fields to traitors.’”

    Here: 'He takes it away.' It turns v. 3 back on them: there they 'cannot remove' (tāmîšû) their necks from the yoke, and here he 'removes' (yāmîš) their land.

Nahum · 1
  1. Nahum 3:1 יָמִ֖ישׁ it will depart

    Woe to the city of blood, full of lies, full of plunder, never without prey.

    Here: 'Does not depart, does not cease.' The verb is masculine while 'city' is feminine, so its subject is most naturally 'prey': prey never leaves her and there is always another victim. The same phrase describes the pillar of cloud that 'did not depart' in Exodus 13:22.

Zechariah · 2
  1. Zechariah 3:9 וּמַשְׁתִּ֛י and I will remove

    See the stone I have set before Joshua; on that one stone are seven eyes. Behold, I will engrave on it an inscription, declares the LORD of Hosts, and I will remove the iniquity of this land in a single day.

    Here: 'And I will remove' or 'make depart'. The verb usually means 'to depart, move away' without an object. Here it takes one, so God makes the guilt go away from the land. The form points to the future.

  2. Zechariah 14:4 וּמָ֨שׁ and it will depart

    On that day His feet will stand on the Mount of Olives, east of Jerusalem, and the Mount of Olives will be split in two from east to west, forming a great valley, with half the mountain moving to the north and half to the south.

    Here: "And it will move away / give way." The two halves pull back from each other. Isaiah 54:10 uses the same verb for mountains "departing".

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.