נְבֵלָה

Leviticus 5:2 בְנִבְלַ֨ת בְּנִבְלַת֙ בְּנִבְלַ֖ת <in> a carcass of

Or if a person touches anything unclean—whether the carcass of any unclean wild animal or livestock or crawling creature—even if he is unaware of it, he is unclean and guilty.

Here: '(On) the carcass of.' This means a body that died on its own or was killed, as opposed to an animal properly slaughtered. Such carcasses were a main source of impurity (Leviticus 11:24–40).

Leviticus 7:24 נְבֵלָה֙ a carcass

The fat of an animal found dead or mauled by wild beasts may be used for any other purpose, but you must not eat it.

Leviticus 11:8 וּבְנִבְלָתָ֖ם and <in> carcass their

You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.

Leviticus 11:11 נִבְלָתָ֖ם carcass their

They shall be an abomination to you; you must not eat their meat, and you must detest their carcasses.

Leviticus 11:24 בְּנִבְלָתָ֖ם <in> carcass their

These creatures will make you unclean. Whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until evening,

Leviticus 11:25 מִנִּבְלָתָ֑ם any of carcass their

and whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening.

Here: "From their carcass". The "from" (mi-) can mean "any part of", which is why KJV and WEB add "ought" or "any part". "Their" points back to the unclean creatures just listed (vv. 20–24, 26–27).

Leviticus 11:27 בְּנִבְלָתָ֖ם <in> carcass their

All the four-footed animals that walk on their paws are unclean for you; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean until evening,

Leviticus 11:28 נִבְלָתָ֔ם carcass their

and anyone who picks up a carcass must wash his clothes, and he will be unclean until evening. They are unclean for you.

Here: "Their carcass." "Their" points back to the animals that walk on their paws (v. 27). A nᵉḇēlāh is an animal's dead body, especially one that died rather than being properly slaughtered.

Leviticus 11:35 מִנִּבְלָתָ֥ם׀ any of carcass their

Anything upon which one of their carcasses falls will be unclean. If it is an oven or cooking pot, it must be smashed; it is unclean and will remain unclean for you.

Here: "From their carcass," meaning any part of the dead body of one of the eight small creatures listed in vv. 29–30. The 'from' means a part is enough, which is why KJV adds "[any part]."

Leviticus 11:36 בְּנִבְלָתָ֖ם <in> carcass their

Nevertheless, a spring or cistern containing water will remain clean, but one who touches a carcass in it will be unclean.

Leviticus 11:37 מִנִּבְלָתָ֔ם any of carcass their

If a carcass falls on any seed for sowing, the seed is clean;

Leviticus 11:38 מִנִּבְלָתָ֖ם any of carcass their

but if water has been put on the seed and a carcass falls on it, it is unclean for you.

Leviticus 11:39 בְּנִבְלָתָ֖הּ <in> carcass its

If an animal that you may eat dies, anyone who touches the carcass will be unclean until evening.

Leviticus 11:40 מִנִּבְלָתָ֔הּ נִבְלָתָ֔הּ any of carcass its, carcass its

Whoever eats from the carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until evening, and anyone who picks up the carcass must wash his clothes and will be unclean until evening.

Leviticus 17:15 נְבֵלָה֙ a carcass

And any person, whether native or foreigner, who eats anything found dead or mauled by wild beasts must wash his clothes and bathe with water, and he will be unclean until evening; then he will be clean.

Here: An animal that died of disease, age or accident, without being slaughtered, so its blood was never poured out. Here it is a normally edible species, since unclean species are already off-limits (Lev 11).

Leviticus 22:8 נְבֵלָ֧ה a carcass

He must not eat anything found dead or torn by wild animals, which would make him unclean. I am the LORD.

Deuteronomy 14:8 וּבְנִבְלָתָ֖ם and <in> carcass their

as well as the pig; though it has a divided hoof, it does not chew the cud. It is unclean for you. You must not eat its meat or touch its carcass.

Deuteronomy 14:21 נְ֠בֵלָה carcass

You are not to eat any carcass; you may give it to the foreigner residing within your gates, and he may eat it, or you may sell it to a foreigner. For you are a holy people belonging to the LORD your God. You must not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.

Here: An animal that died without being properly slaughtered, most often one that died on its own, so its blood was never drained. The point is how it died, not that it is rotten: the meat is still good enough to give away or sell.

Deuteronomy 21:23 נִבְלָת֜וֹ corpse his

you must not leave the body on the tree overnight, but you must be sure to bury him that day, because anyone who is hung on a tree is under God’s curse. You must not defile the land that the LORD your God is giving you as an inheritance.

Here: 'His carcass'. This blunt word is used for animal carcasses and for human bodies left exposed in disgrace. It presents the executed man as a dead body, not as a person being punished further.

Deuteronomy 28:26 נִבְלָֽתְךָ֙ corpse your

Your corpses will be food for all the birds of the air and beasts of the earth, with no one to scare them away.

Joshua 8:29 נִבְלָת֣וֹ corpse his

He hung the king of Ai on a tree until evening, and at sunset Joshua commanded that they take down the body from the tree and throw it down at the entrance of the city gate. And over it they raised a large pile of rocks, which remains to this day.

Here: 'His carcass.' This is a blunt, unhonoring word for dead flesh, used for animal carcasses as well as human corpses. It is the exact word of Deuteronomy 21:23 ('his carcass shall not remain all night on the wood').

1 Kings 13:22 נִבְלָתְךָ֖ corpse your

but you went back and ate bread and drank water in the place where He told you not to do so, your body shall never reach the tomb of your fathers.’”

1 Kings 13:24 נִבְלָתוֹ֙ הַנְּבֵלָֽה׃ corpse his, the corpse

As he went on his way, a lion met him on the road and killed him, and his body was left lying in the road, with the donkey and the lion standing beside it.

1 Kings 13:25 הַנְּבֵלָה֙ הַנְּבֵלָ֑ה the corpse

And there were men passing by who saw the body lying in the road with the lion standing beside it, and they went and reported this in the city where the old prophet lived.

1 Kings 13:28 נִבְלָתוֹ֙ הַנְּבֵלָ֑ה הַנְּבֵלָ֔ה corpse his, the corpse

and he went and found the body lying in the road, with the donkey and the lion standing beside it. The lion had not eaten the body or mauled the donkey.

1 Kings 13:29 נִבְלַ֧ת [the] corpse of

So the old prophet lifted up the body of the man of God, laid it on the donkey, and brought it back to his own city to mourn for him and bury him.

1 Kings 13:30 נִבְלָת֖וֹ corpse his

Then he laid the body in his own tomb, and they lamented over him, “Oh, my brother!”

2 Kings 9:37 נִבְלַ֣ת [the] corpse of

And Jezebel’s body will lie like dung in the field on the plot of ground at Jezreel, so that no one can say: This is Jezebel.’”

Psalm 79:2 נִבְלַ֬ת [the] corpse[s] of

They have given the corpses of Your servants as food to the birds of the air, the flesh of Your saints to the beasts of the earth.

Here: A dead body, the word used for animal carcasses and for unclean bodies left lying. The Hebrew is singular ('the carcass of'), used for the whole group, and English rightly makes it plural. The word is meant to shock: God's servants have become carrion.

Isaiah 5:25 נִבְלָתָ֛ם corpse their

Therefore the anger of the LORD burns against His people; His hand is raised against them to strike them down. The mountains quake, and the corpses lie like refuse in the streets. Despite all this, His anger is not turned away; His hand is still upraised.

Here: 'Their carcass.' The singular stands for all the dead together. Nəbēlâ is the word for the carcass of an animal that died on its own and was ritually unclean (Lev 11; Deut 14:21), so it degrades the dead.

Isaiah 26:19 נְבֵלָתִ֖י corpse my

Your dead will live; their bodies will rise. Awake and sing, you who dwell in the dust! For your dew is like the dew of the morning, and the earth will bring forth her dead.

Here: 'My corpse.' The noun is singular but used for a group, 'my dead bodies'. It is a blunt word for a lifeless body. Who says 'my' is debated: most likely God, possibly the people speaking as one.

Jeremiah 7:33 נִבְלַ֨ת [the] corpse[s] of

The corpses of this people will become food for the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth, and there will be no one to scare them away.

Here: A dead body, used of animals and people alike, and also the word for a carcass that makes someone ritually unclean. It is singular here ('the corpse of this people'), so the whole nation is pictured as one great body lying dead.

Jeremiah 9:22 נִבְלַ֣ת [the] corpse[s] of

Declare that this is what the LORD says: “The corpses of men will fall like dung upon the open field, like newly cut grain behind the reaper, with no one to gather it.”

Jeremiah 16:4 נִבְלָתָם֙ corpse[s] their

“They will die from deadly diseases. They will not be mourned or buried, but will lie like dung on the ground. They will be finished off by sword and famine, and their corpses will become food for the birds of the air and beasts of the earth.”

Here: A singular word with a group sense: the whole mass of their dead. Nᵉbēlâ is the word usually used for an animal carcass, and it made anyone who touched it ritually unclean (Lev 11). Using it for people treats human bodies like dead livestock.

Jeremiah 16:18 בְּנִבְלַ֤ת with [the] corpse[s] of

And I will first repay them double their iniquity and their sin, because they have defiled My land with the carcasses of their detestable idols, and they have filled My inheritance with their abominations.”

Here: 'With the carcass of.' The word is singular but stands for a group. It is the word for a dead body or carrion, and carrion makes people ritually unclean. Calling idols 'carcasses' treats them as lifeless and as a source of pollution.

Jeremiah 19:7 נִבְלָתָם֙ corpse[s] their

And in this place I will ruin the plans of Judah and Jerusalem. I will make them fall by the sword before their enemies, by the hands of those who seek their lives, and I will give their carcasses as food to the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth.

Here: A singular word used for a group: 'their dead body,' meaning the whole heap of the dead. The word is used for animal carcasses and for unclean dead bodies, so it is a degrading word for human remains.

Jeremiah 26:23 נִבְלָת֔וֹ corpse his

They brought Uriah out of Egypt and took him to King Jehoiakim, who had him put to the sword and his body thrown into the burial place of the common people.

Jeremiah 34:20 נִבְלָתָם֙ corpse their

I will deliver into the hands of their enemies who seek their lives. Their corpses will become food for the birds of the air and the beasts of the earth.

Here: "Their carcass." The singular stands for all their bodies together. The word usually means a dead animal's body, especially one that died and was not properly slaughtered, which made anyone who touched it unclean. Using it of people is deliberately degrading: a carcass lying in the open, not a body laid in a tomb.

Jeremiah 36:30 וְנִבְלָתוֹ֙ and corpse his

Therefore this is what the LORD says about Jehoiakim king of Judah: He will have no one to sit on David’s throne, and his body will be thrown out and exposed to heat by day and frost by night.

Ezekiel 4:14 וּנְבֵלָ֨ה and a carcass

“Ah, Lord GOD,” I said, “I have never defiled myself. From my youth until now I have not eaten anything found dead or mauled by wild beasts. No unclean meat has ever entered my mouth.”

Here: Meat from an animal that died on its own, not by proper slaughter, so its blood was never drained. The Torah forbids it, and forbids it to priests most strictly (Lev 22:8).

Ezekiel 44:31 נְבֵלָה֙ carcass

The priests may not eat any bird or animal found dead or torn by wild beasts.