נָדַב

Exodus 25:2 יִדְּבֶ֣נּוּ it will impel him

“Tell the Israelites to bring Me an offering. You are to receive My offering from every man whose heart compels him.

Here: "(His heart) moves him, prompts him." The heart is the active one: an inner drive makes the person willing. It is the root of nədābâ, "freewill offering."

Exodus 35:21 נָדְבָ֨ה it impelled

And everyone whose heart stirred him and whose spirit prompted him came and brought an offering to the LORD for the work on the Tent of Meeting, for all its services, and for the holy garments.

Here: "Made willing, moved freely." The root of the word for a freewill offering (nedavah): giving that nobody commands or demands. His spirit pressed him to give of his own accord.

Exodus 35:29 נָדַ֣ב it impelled

So all the men and women of the Israelites whose hearts prompted them brought a freewill offering to the LORD for all the work that the LORD through Moses had commanded them to do.

Here: 'Prompted / impelled to give freely.' In this simple verb form it appears only with 'heart' or 'spirit' as its subject (Exod 25:2; 35:21, 29). The inner self is pictured as the one that pushes the person to give. The same root returns at the end of the verse in nedavah.

Judges 5:2 בְּהִתְנַדֵּ֖ב when volunteers

“When the princes take the lead in Israel, when the people volunteer, bless the LORD.

Here: 'When there was a freely-offering-of-oneself'. This is the language of the freewill offering, a gift given to God without obligation, here applied to people giving their own bodies to a dangerous war. It is parallel to the first line and fills out what happened.

Judges 5:9 הַמִּֽתְנַדְּבִ֖ים those [who] volunteered

My heart is with the princes of Israel, with the volunteers among the people. Bless the LORD!

Here: 'The ones who volunteer themselves': the verb form is reflexive, so what they give is themselves. In this war poem it means stepping forward to fight, at the risk of death, without being forced.

1 Chronicles 29:5 מִתְנַדֵּ֔ב [is] making a contribution

for the gold work and the silver work, and for all the work to be done by the craftsmen. Now who is willing to consecrate himself to the LORD today?”

Here: An ongoing form: "is volunteering, is offering freely." The root is behind the word for a freewill offering (nedavah), a gift nobody is required to give. David is not taxing the leaders; he is asking who will give on their own initiative.

1 Chronicles 29:6 וַיִּֽתְנַדְּבוּ֩ and they made a contribution

Then the leaders of the families, the officers of the tribes of Israel, the commanders of thousands and of hundreds, and the officials in charge of the king’s work gave willingly.

Here: 'And they volunteered.' The verb form points back at the person acting: they put themselves forward. It answers David's question in v.5, 'who is volunteering (mitnaddev)?', and it comes first in the sentence, before any of the people who gave are named.

1 Chronicles 29:9 הִֽתְנַדְּבָ֔ם הִֽתְנַדְּב֖וּ had made a contribution they, they had made a contribution

And the people rejoiced at the willing response of their leaders, for they had given to the LORD freely and wholeheartedly. And King David also rejoiced greatly.

Here: A verbal noun, 'their offering of themselves freely.' 'Their' could point back to the leaders of 29:6 or to the people as a whole; the Hebrew does not say which (see debates).

1 Chronicles 29:14 לְהִתְנַדֵּ֖ב to make a contribution

But who am I, and who are my people, that we should be able to give as generously as this? For everything comes from You, and from Your own hand we have given to You.

Here: To give as a volunteer, out of an impulse of the heart and beyond any obligation. It is the verb behind the 'freewill offering.' The word appears again and again in this chapter (vv. 5, 6, 9, 14, 17).

1 Chronicles 29:17 הִתְנַדַּ֣בְתִּי לְהִֽתְנַדֶּב־ I have made a contribution, to make a contribution

I know, my God, that You test the heart and delight in uprightness. All these things I have given willingly and with an upright heart, and now I have seen Your people who are present here giving joyfully and willingly to You.

Here: "I have freely offered": to give of one's own accord, beyond anything required. It is related to nedavah, the "freewill offering." In this chapter it is the key word (vv.5, 6, 9, 14, 17).

2 Chronicles 17:16 הַמִּתְנַדֵּ֖ב who volunteered

and next to him, Amasiah son of Zichri, the volunteer for the LORD, and with him 200,000 mighty men of valor.

Ezra 1:6 הִתְנַדֵּֽב׃ ס ering of freewill offerings

And all their neighbors supported them with articles of silver and gold, with goods and livestock, and with valuables, in addition to all their freewill offerings.

Ezra 2:68 הִֽתְנַדְּבוּ֙ they offered freewill offerings

When they arrived at the house of the LORD in Jerusalem, some of the heads of the families gave freewill offerings to rebuild the house of God on its original site.

Here: 'They offered freely.' The verb form means acting willingly of one's own accord: they gave without being required to. It is the same verb used for the gifts given for David's temple (1 Chronicles 29) and echoes the tabernacle offerings (Exodus 35).

Ezra 3:5 מִתְנַדֵּ֥ב [one who] offered

After that, they presented the regular burnt offerings and those for New Moons and for all the appointed sacred feasts of the LORD, as well as all the freewill offerings brought to the LORD.

Nehemiah 11:2 הַמִּֽתְנַדְּבִ֔ים who volunteered

And the people blessed all the men who volunteered to live in Jerusalem.