נוּד

Genesis 4:12 וָנָ֖ד and a fugitive

When you till the ground, it will no longer yield its produce to you. You will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth.”

Genesis 4:14 וָנָד֙ and a fugitive

Behold, this day You have driven me from the face of the earth, and from Your face I will be hidden; I will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth, and whoever finds me will kill me.”

Here: 'And roaming.' It rhymes with nāʿ, making a jingling pair (nāʿ wānād) that sounds like the restlessness it describes. The same root gives the name of the land of Nod ('Wandering-land') in 4:16.

1 Kings 14:15 יָנ֣וּד it sways

For the LORD will strike Israel as a reed is shaken in the water. He will uproot Israel from this good land that He gave their fathers, and He will scatter them beyond the Euphrates, because they have made their Asherah poles, provoking the LORD to anger.

Here: Moving to and fro. The verb form describes what a reed habitually does: it keeps swaying. Elsewhere the same verb is used of a homeless wanderer (Cain in Gen 4:12), which may hint at the exile that comes later in the verse.

2 Kings 21:8 לְהָנִיד֙ to make wander

I will never again cause the feet of the Israelites to wander from the land that I gave to their fathers, if only they are careful to do all I have commanded them—the whole Law that My servant Moses commanded them.”

Job 2:11 לָנֽוּד־ to show sympathy

Now when Job’s three friends—Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite—heard about all this adversity that had come upon him, each of them came from his home, and they met together to go and sympathize with Job and comfort him.

Here: The basic sense is moving to and fro. In mourning settings it means nodding or shaking the head in grief with someone. It is a visible gesture of condolence, not only an inner feeling.

Job 42:11 וַיָּנֻ֤דוּ and they showed sympathy

All his brothers and sisters and prior acquaintances came and dined with him in his house. They consoled him and comforted him over all the adversity that the LORD had brought upon him. And each one gave him a piece of silver and a gold ring.

Here: "And they swayed / shook their heads for him." This is the bodily gesture of grief and sympathy. It is the very verb the three friends set out to do in 2:11.

Psalm 11:1 נ֝֗וּדִי take flight

For the choirmaster. Of David. In the LORD I take refuge. How then can you say to me: “Flee like a bird to your mountain!

Here: 'Flutter away! Take flight!' The verb is used of birds flitting from place to place and of rootless fugitives. As read aloud (feminine singular), it speaks to 'my nefesh'. As written (plural), it speaks to a group, perhaps the speaker and his people.

Psalm 36:11 תְּנִדֵֽנִי׃ it make wander me

Let not the foot of the proud come against me, nor the hand of the wicked drive me away.

Here: "Let it not make me a wanderer." This is the causative form of the verb nud, used for the homeless wandering of Cain (Gen 4:12, 14) and for God promising not to make Israel's feet wander from the land again (2 Kgs 21:8). It means being uprooted and sent off without a place, here most likely from the refuge of God's house described in verses 7–9.

Psalm 69:20 לָנ֣וּד to show sympathy

Insults have broken my heart, and I am in despair. I looked for sympathy, but there was none, for comforters, but I found no one.

Here: Literally "to move to and fro": the rocking or head-shaking that mourners did as a visible sign of sharing someone's grief (Job 2:11; 42:11; Jer 15:5). He waited for someone to come and grieve with him in body as well as words.

Proverbs 26:2 לָ֭נוּד for fluttering

Like a fluttering sparrow or darting swallow, an undeserved curse does not come to rest.

Here: 'In (its) flitting.' The verb describes aimless back-and-forth movement. The same root is used for Cain the 'wanderer' (Gen 4:12) and for someone nodding or shaking the head. The bird darts about and never settles.

Isaiah 24:20 וְהִֽתְנוֹדְדָ֖ה and it will sway

The earth staggers like a drunkard and sways like a shack. Earth’s rebellion weighs it down, and it falls, never to rise again.

Here: 'And she will sway back and forth.' The form describes repeated motion in place, as with a wagging head in Jeremiah 48:27. The point is wobbling where it stands, not being carried off somewhere else.

Isaiah 51:19 יָנ֣וּד does he show sympathy

These pairs have befallen you: devastation and destruction, famine and sword. Who will grieve for you? Who can comfort you?

Jeremiah 4:1 תָנֽוּד׃ you will waver

“If you will return, O Israel, return to Me,” declares the LORD. “If you will remove your detestable idols from My sight and no longer waver,

Here: 'Wander' or 'drift'. This is the word for Cain's homeless roaming (Gen 4:12, 14). It can describe unstable loyalty (wavering), or the fate of being uprooted and driven into exile.

Jeremiah 15:5 יָנ֣וּד will he show sympathy

Who will have pity on you, O Jerusalem? Who will mourn for you? Who will turn aside to ask about your welfare?

Jeremiah 16:5 תָּנֹ֖ד you show sympathy

Indeed, this is what the LORD says: “Do not enter a house where there is a funeral meal. Do not go to mourn or show sympathy, for I have removed from this people My peace, My loving devotion, and My compassion,” declares the LORD.

Jeremiah 18:16 וְיָנִ֥יד and he may wag

They have made their land a desolation, a perpetual object of scorn; all who pass by will be appalled and shake their heads.

Here: 'And he will make (his head) wag'. The verb is used both for nodding in sympathy or lament and for wagging the head in derision. Here it is the visible, bodily side of the stunned reaction.

Jeremiah 22:10 תָּנֻ֖דוּ you show sympathy

Do not weep for him who is dead; do not mourn his loss. Weep bitterly for him who is exiled, for he will never return to see his native land.

Here: Literally 'sway' or 'shake,' meaning the rocking or head-shaking of a mourner or comforter. Used with 'to him' it means 'grieve for him' or 'console over him' (compare Job 2:11, Job 42:11).

Jeremiah 31:18 מִתְנוֹדֵ֔ד bemoaning itself

I have surely heard Ephraim’s moaning: ‘You disciplined me severely, like an untrained calf. Restore me, that I may return, for You are the LORD my God.

Here: A reflexive form ('shaking himself') describing the swaying, head-shaking body language of mourning: Ephraim is grieving over himself. The participle pictures it as going on.

Jeremiah 48:17 נֻ֤דוּ show sympathy

Mourn for him, all you who surround him, everyone who knows his name; tell how the mighty scepter is shattered—the glorious staff!

Jeremiah 48:27 תִּתְנוֹדָֽד׃ you shook yourself

Was not Israel your object of ridicule? Was he ever found among thieves? For whenever you speak of him you shake your head.

Jeremiah 49:30 נֻּ֨דוּ take flight

Run! Escape quickly! Lie low, O residents of Hazor,” declares the LORD, “for Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon has drawn up a plan against you; he has devised a strategy against you.

Jeremiah 50:3 נָ֥דוּ they will take flight

For a nation from the north will come against her; it will make her land a desolation. No one will live in it; both man and beast will flee.”

Jeremiah 50:8 נֻ֚דוּ take flight

Flee from the midst of Babylon; depart from the land of the Chaldeans; be like the he-goats that lead the flock.

Here: A plural command: "get moving, get away!" The verb pictures restless movement away from a place. Three verses earlier (50:3) the same verb describes people and animals fleeing the ruined land. Here Israel is told to do on purpose, and early, what everyone will soon be forced to do.

Nahum 3:7 יָנ֣וּד will he show sympathy

Then all who see you will recoil from you and say, ‘Nineveh is devastated; who will grieve for her?’ Where can I find comforters for you?”