Hebrew word · H5833
עֶזְרָה
'ezrah
help
Help, assistance, especially rescue in war or danger (Judg 5:23; Ps 22:19; 46:2). It is often used of military aid from an ally or from God.
Appears 26 times in 25 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·
What it means
1) help, succour, assistance
1a) help, succour
1b) one who helps
Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
In depth
- Range of meaning
Help, assistance, especially rescue in war or danger (Judg 5:23; Ps 22:19; 46:2). It is often used of military aid from an ally or from God.
- Against the English
KJV/WEB/YLT keep "help", which preserves the echo of v.1. BSB "allies" and similar "helpers" renderings make the meaning clear but break the verbal link with v.1 ("go down to Egypt for help") and v.3 ("helper... helped").
- Used elsewhere in the period
Isaiah 30:5–7 uses the same root repeatedly about Egypt: "a people that cannot profit them, neither a help nor a profit"; "Egypt's help is worthless and empty". Psalm 46:2 calls God "a very present help".
- Range of meaning
Help, aid, assistance, especially rescue in danger. It is often military or political support from a stronger party. The related word 'ezer is used of God as Israel's helper (Psalm 121:1–2) and of a needed partner (Genesis 2:18).
- Against the English
'Help' is accurate. English 'help' can sound minor, like assistance with a task. Here it means rescue when your life is at stake.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Isaiah 31:1 uses the same root for those who 'go down to Egypt for help'. Isaiah 20:6 has 'those to whom we fled for help'. Psalm 10:14 calls God the 'helper of the orphan', and Psalm 72:12 says the king delivers the poor 'who has no helper'.
- Range of meaning
Help, assistance, succour. In practice this almost always means rescue or reinforcement in a crisis: military aid from an ally (Judg 5:23 "to the help of the LORD against the mighty"; Isa 31:1 Israel looking to Egypt for help), or God's intervention for someone in danger. It belongs to the same word family as ʿēzer, the word used for God as Israel's helper (Ps 33:20; 121:1–2) and for the woman in Gen 2:18.
- Against the English
Every major English version says "help" or "helper." That is accurate, but modern English "help" can sound small, like a hand with a chore or a helper who plays a minor part. The Hebrew usually means help from someone strong enough to change the outcome.
- How it drifted
English "help" has broadened to cover any minor assistance, and "helper" often suggests someone in a lesser role. The Hebrew carries no such suggestion. In the Psalms the helper is usually the stronger party.
- Used elsewhere in the period
The same lengthened form ʿezrātāh with "to me/us" appears in Ps 22:19 (Eng.) "hasten to my help," Ps 44:26 "rise up, a help for us," and Ps 94:17 "unless the LORD had been a help to me." The Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation) renders it boēthos, "helper, one who runs to aid," a word also used of military relief.
Where it appears
Judges · 2
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Judges 5:23 לְעֶזְרַ֣ת לְעֶזְרַ֥ת to [the] help of
‘Curse Meroz,’ says the angel of the LORD. ‘Bitterly curse her inhabitants; for they did not come to help the LORD, to help the LORD against the mighty.’
Here: 'To the aid of,' with the military sense of arriving as reinforcements. The phrase describes joining a fight, not doing a favor.
2 Chronicles · 1
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2 Chronicles 28:21 לְעֶזְרָ֖ה for help
Although Ahaz had taken a portion from the house of the LORD, from the royal palace, and from the princes and had presented it to the king of Assyria, it did not help him.
Job · 2
Psalms · 14
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Psalm 22:19 לְעֶזְרָ֥תִי to help my
But You, O LORD, be not far off; O my Strength, come quickly to help me.
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Psalm 27:9 עֶזְרָתִ֥י help my
Hide not Your face from me, nor turn away Your servant in anger. You have been my helper; do not leave me or forsake me, O God of my salvation.
Here: 'My help'. It is placed first in its clause for emphasis: 'my help is what you have been'. The word is often used of rescue in battle, and of God himself.
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Psalm 35:2 בְּעֶזְרָתִֽי׃ <in> help my
Take up Your shield and buckler; arise and come to my aid.
Here: 'Help' here means armed relief: reinforcements arriving to rescue someone outmatched. The little prefix be- can mean 'for (the purpose of) my help' or 'as my help', meaning 'be my rescue in person'.
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Psalm 38:22 לְעֶזְרָתִ֑י to help my
Come quickly to help me, O Lord my Savior.
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Psalm 40:13 לְעֶזְרָ֥תִי to help my
Be pleased, O LORD, to deliver me; hurry, O LORD, to help me.
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Psalm 40:17 עֶזְרָתִ֣י [are] help my
But I am poor and needy; may the Lord think of me. You are my helper and deliverer; O my God, do not delay.
Here: "My help," in the strong sense of the aid that arrives and turns the outcome, often military relief. The speaker does not call God "my helper" as one who adds a little. God is the whole of his help.
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Psalm 44:26 עֶזְרָ֣תָה <to> a help
Rise up; be our help! Redeem us on account of Your loving devotion.
Here: 'Help' with an extra poetic -â ending (the same form appears in Ps 63:7 and 94:17). Read as 'arise as help' or 'arise for help'. In the Psalms this word usually means military rescue, the help of an ally who turns the battle. It does not mean minor assistance.
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Psalm 46:1 עֶזְרָ֥ה a help
For the choirmaster. Of the sons of Korah. According to Alamoth. A song. God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in times of trouble.
Here: Active help, often military: the relief force that arrives when you are under attack. It does not mean a helper of lower rank. In the Old Testament God is the help Israel most often calls on.
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Psalm 60:11 עֶזְרָ֣ת help
Give us aid against the enemy, for the help of man is worthless.
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Psalm 63:7 עֶזְרָ֣תָה <to> a help
For You are my help; I will sing for joy in the shadow of Your wings.
Here: The help that saves someone who cannot save himself, usually from a stronger party such as an ally in battle. The extra -āh ending is an old poetic form that also appears in the set phrase "a help to me/us" (Ps 44:26; 94:17).
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Psalm 70:1 לְעֶזְרָ֥תִי to help my
For the choirmaster. Of David. To bring remembrance. Make haste, O God, to deliver me! Hurry, O LORD, to help me!
Here: 'To my help', meaning to the place where I need aid. It is the language of reinforcements coming to someone outmatched. It does not mean a small boost.
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Psalm 71:12 לְעֶזְרָ֥תִי to help my
Be not far from me, O God. Hurry, O my God, to help me.
Here: 'To my help' or 'to my rescue.' In the Psalms, ʿezrâ is the help of someone stronger stepping in, often like an ally arriving in battle. The word is placed before the verb, which puts the stress on it.
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Psalm 94:17 עֶזְרָ֣תָה [had been] <to> a help
Unless the LORD had been my helper, I would soon have dwelt in the abode of silence.
Here: Help that comes from someone stronger into a situation the helped person cannot handle, often military or legal rescue. The noun has a lengthened poetic ending (-â), also found in Ps 44:26 and 63:7, which adds weight: 'as help', 'for rescue'.
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Psalm 108:12 עֶזְרָ֣ת help
Give us aid against the enemy, for the help of man is worthless.
Isaiah · 4
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Isaiah 10:3 לְעֶזְרָ֔ה for help
What will you do on the day of reckoning when devastation comes from afar? To whom will you flee for help? Where will you leave your wealth?
Here: 'For help,' meaning rescue in a crisis, often military aid. The irony is pointed. These men had stripped widows and orphans, the classic helpless people, of any help. Now they will find themselves without a helper.
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Isaiah 20:6 לְעֶזְרָ֔ה for help
And on that day the dwellers of this coastland will say, ‘See what has happened to our source of hope, those to whom we fled for help and deliverance from the king of Assyria! How then can we escape?’”
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Isaiah 31:1 לְעֶזְרָ֔ה for help
Woe to those who go down to Egypt for help, who rely on horses, who trust in their abundance of chariots and in their multitude of horsemen. They do not look to the Holy One of Israel; they do not seek the LORD.
Here: "For help": in this setting, military aid from an ally. Verse 3 turns the word against them: the "helper" (‘ōzēr) will stumble and the "helped" (‘āzur) will fall.
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Isaiah 31:2 עֶזְרַ֖ת [the] help of
Yet He too is wise and brings disaster; He does not call back His words. He will rise up against the house of the wicked and against the allies of evildoers.
Here: "The help of". This repeats v.1's "go down to Egypt for help (le'ezrah)". The "help" these evildoers rely on is Egypt itself, and God will rise against that help.
Jeremiah · 1
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Jeremiah 37:7 לְעֶזְרָ֔ה to help
“This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says that you are to tell the king of Judah, who sent you to Me: Behold, Pharaoh’s army, which has marched out to help you, will go back to its own land of Egypt.
Here: 'As help': military aid and rescue. The prophets used exactly this word for the help Judah wrongly looked for from Egypt (Isa 31:1).
Lamentations · 1
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Lamentations 4:17 עֶזְרָתֵ֖נוּ help our
All the while our eyes were failing as we looked in vain for help. We watched from our towers for a nation that could not save us.
Here: 'Our help': in context, military relief coming to break a siege. In the Psalms the same word often names the help God gives, which sharpens the irony.
Nahum · 1
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Nahum 3:9 בְּעֶזְרָתֵֽךְ׃ <in> help your
Cush and Egypt were her boundless strength; Put and Libya were her allies.
Here: 'Help' here means military aid from allies. The little prefix 'be-' marks the role they filled ('served as your help'), not a location. The 'your' (feminine singular) is unexpected after 'her' and may be the prophet speaking straight to Thebes, or an early copying slip for 'her'.
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.