קָסַם

Deuteronomy 18:10 קֹסֵ֣ם [one who] divines

Let no one be found among you who sacrifices his son or daughter in the fire, practices divination or conjury, interprets omens, practices sorcery,

Here: 'One who divines.' This is the general word for getting a decision from the divine world by technique: casting lots or arrows, reading livers, consulting household idols. It is the professional skill of Balaam and of the Philistine priests.

Deuteronomy 18:14 קֹסְמִ֖ים diviners

Though these nations, which you will dispossess, listen to conjurers and diviners, the LORD your God has not permitted you to do so.

Joshua 13:22 הַקּוֹסֵ֑ם the diviner

The Israelites also killed the diviner Balaam son of Beor along with the others they put to the sword.

1 Samuel 6:2 וְלַקֹּֽסְמִים֙ and <to> the diviners

the Philistines summoned the priests and diviners, saying, “What shall we do with the ark of the LORD? Tell us how to send it back to its place.”

1 Samuel 28:8 קָֽסֳמִי divine

So Saul disguised himself by putting on different clothes, and he set out with two of his men. They came to the woman at night, and Saul said, “Consult a spirit for me. Bring up for me the one I name.”

2 Kings 17:17 וַיִּקְסְמ֥וּ and they divined

They sacrificed their sons and daughters in the fire and practiced divination and soothsaying. They devoted themselves to doing evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking Him to anger.

Here: They practised divination: getting answers from the gods by technical means such as casting lots, shaking arrows or reading omens. It is the first item in the banned list of Deut 18:10.

Isaiah 3:2 וְקֹסֵ֥ם and diviner

the mighty man and the warrior, the judge and the prophet, the soothsayer and the elder,

Isaiah 44:25 וְקֹסְמִ֖ים and diviners

who foils the signs of false prophets and makes fools of diviners, who confounds the wise and turns their knowledge into nonsense,

Here: 'And those who practise divination', a technical term for professional ways of reading the future (casting lots or arrows, inspecting livers, consulting household gods). It is placed first in its clause for emphasis: 'and diviners, he makes them rave'.

Jeremiah 27:9 קֹֽסְמֵיכֶ֗ם diviners your

But as for you, do not listen to your prophets, your diviners, your interpreters of dreams, your mediums, or your sorcerers who declare, ‘You will not serve the king of Babylon.’

Here: 'Those who divine for you': specialists who read the gods' will from signs such as lots, arrows, or animal livers (compare Ezek 21:21). Forbidden in Israel (Deut 18:10) but normal state practice among the nations.

Jeremiah 29:8 וְקֹֽסְמֵיכֶ֑ם and diviners your

For this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: “Do not be deceived by the prophets and diviners among you, and do not listen to the dreams you elicit from them.

Here: 'And your diviners': people who read the future through techniques such as lots, arrows or omens, which Deut 18:10 forbids. Putting them beside 'prophets' sorts these prophets with banned practitioners.

Ezekiel 13:9 וְהַקֹּסְמִ֣ים and who divine

My hand will be against the prophets who see false visions and speak lying divinations. They will not belong to the council of My people or be recorded in the register of the house of Israel, nor will they enter the land of Israel. Then you will know that I am the Lord GOD.

Here: Qasam is divination by omens, lots and similar techniques, a practice Torah forbids (Deut 18:10). Using it of Israel's own prophets is a deliberate insult: it ranks them with pagan diviners.

Ezekiel 13:23 תִקְסַ֣מְנָה you will divine

therefore you will no longer see false visions or practice divination. I will deliver My people from your hands. Then you will know that I am the LORD.”

Here: A future verb addressed to women, from the same root as the noun before it: "divination you will not divine". The doubling names their whole craft by its proper term.

Ezekiel 21:21 לִקְסָם־ to divine

For the king of Babylon stands at the fork in the road, at the junction of the two roads, to seek an omen: He shakes the arrows, he consults the idols, he examines the liver.

Ezekiel 21:23 כִּקְסָם as divines

It will seem like a false omen to the eyes of those who have sworn allegiance to him, but it will draw attention to their guilt and take them captive.

Ezekiel 21:29 בִּקְסָם־ when divine

while they offer false visions for you and lying divinations about you—to be placed on the necks of the wicked who are slain, whose day has come, the time of their final punishment.

Here: 'In the divining': working out the future by technique, such as casting arrows, consulting household idols or reading livers (v. 21). Israel's law forbade it (Deut 18:10). The word already has a bad ring to it.

Ezekiel 22:28 וְקֹסְמִ֥ים and [they are] divining

Her prophets whitewash these deeds by false visions and lying divinations, saying, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says,’ when the LORD has not spoken.

Here: The verb for divination: reading signs, casting lots or arrows, examining livers. Deuteronomy 18:10 forbids it. Using it of Israel's own prophets puts them in the same class as pagan omen-readers.

Micah 3:6 מִקְּסֹ֑ם from divining

Therefore night will come over you without visions, and darkness without divination. The sun will set on these prophets, and the daylight will turn black over them.

Here: "So that you cannot divine." Micah gives the prophets' work the name of divination, a practice forbidden in Deut 18:10, and in v.11 he says they "divine for money." The word is meant to expose them.

Micah 3:7 הַקֹּ֣סְמִ֔ים those [who] divine

Then the seers will be ashamed and the diviners will be disgraced. They will all cover their mouths because there is no answer from God.”

Micah 3:11 יִקְסֹ֑מוּ they divine

Her leaders judge for a bribe, her priests teach for a price, and her prophets practice divination for money. Yet they lean upon the LORD, saying, “Is not the LORD among us? No disaster can come upon us.”

Here: “They divine”: a deliberately insulting word. Elsewhere it names the forbidden fortune-telling of the nations (Deut 18:10). Applied to Israel's prophets, it puts them on the level of pagan omen-readers.

Zechariah 10:2 וְהַקּֽוֹסְמִים֙ and the diviners

For idols speak deceit and diviners see illusions; they tell false dreams and offer empty comfort. Therefore the people wander like sheep, oppressed for lack of a shepherd.

Here: Participle used as a noun: 'the ones who practise qesem', meaning reading omens by lots, arrows, livers and the like. Deuteronomy 18:10 forbids it in Israel.