קָצַף

Genesis 40:2 וַיִּקְצֹ֣ף and he was angry

Pharaoh was angry with his two officers, the chief cupbearer and the chief baker,

Genesis 41:10 קָצַ֣ף he was angry

Pharaoh was once angry with his servants, and he put me and the chief baker in the custody of the captain of the guard.

Exodus 16:20 וַיִּקְצֹ֥ף and he was angry

But they did not listen to Moses; some people left part of it until morning, and it became infested with maggots and began to smell. So Moses was angry with them.

Leviticus 10:6 יִקְצֹ֑ף he will be angry

Then Moses said to Aaron and his sons Eleazar and Ithamar, “Do not let your hair become disheveled and do not tear your garments, or else you will die, and the LORD will be angry with the whole congregation. But your brothers, the whole house of Israel, may mourn on account of the fire that the LORD has ignited.

Here: The subject is God, though he is not named. In priestly texts this verb names divine anger that breaks out as a deadly strike, often a plague, on the community. Read as 'and so that he not be angry'.

Leviticus 10:16 וַ֠יִּקְצֹף and he was angry

Later, Moses searched carefully for the goat of the sin offering, and behold, it had been burned up. He was angry with Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron’s remaining sons, and asked,

Numbers 16:22 תִּקְצֹֽף׃ פ will you be angry?

But Moses and Aaron fell facedown and said, “O God, the God of the spirits of all flesh, when one man sins, will You be angry with the whole congregation?”

Here: In the priestly texts this is divine wrath that breaks out as a deadly blow, as in the plague of vv. 46–49. The question means 'Will you let destruction break out on everyone?'

Numbers 31:14 וַיִּקְצֹ֣ף and he was angry

But Moses was angry with the officers of the army—the commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds—who were returning from the battle.

Here: 'And he grew angry.' The verb form carries the story straight on from verse 13: Moses goes out to meet the army, and then he is angry. Qatsaph is the word for a superior's anger at people under him who have failed in their duty.

Deuteronomy 1:34 וַיִּקְצֹ֖ף and he was angry

When the LORD heard your words, He grew angry and swore an oath, saying,

Deuteronomy 9:7 הִקְצַ֛פְתָּ you provoked to anger

Remember this, and never forget how you provoked the LORD your God in the wilderness. From the day you left the land of Egypt until you reached this place, you have been rebelling against the LORD.

Here: 'You made [him] angry.' The verb form puts the cause on Israel: it was Israel's conduct that brought on God's anger. The 'you' is singular, so the nation is addressed as one person.

Deuteronomy 9:8 הִקְצַפְתֶּ֖ם you provoked to anger

At Horeb you provoked the LORD, and He was angry enough to destroy you.

Deuteronomy 9:19 קָצַ֧ף he was angry

For I was afraid of the anger and wrath that the LORD had directed against you, enough to destroy you. But the LORD listened to me this time as well.

Deuteronomy 9:22 מַקְצִפִ֥ים provoking to anger

You continued to provoke the LORD at Taberah, at Massah, and at Kibroth-hattaavah.

Joshua 22:18 יִקְצֹֽף׃ he will be angry

And now, would you turn away from the LORD? If you rebel today against the LORD, tomorrow He will be angry with the whole congregation of Israel.

1 Samuel 29:4 וַיִּקְצְפ֨וּ and they were angry

But the commanders of the Philistines were angry with Achish and told him, “Send that man back and let him return to the place you assigned him. He must not go down with us into battle only to become our adversary during the war. What better way for him to regain the favor of his master than with the heads of our men?

Here: 'And they flared up in anger.' A word for hot, sudden anger, often of a superior; here, unusually, officers are furious with their own king.

2 Kings 5:11 וַיִּקְצֹ֥ף and he was angry

But Naaman went away angry, saying, “I thought that he would surely come out, stand and call on the name of the LORD his God, and wave his hand over the spot to cure my leprosy.

2 Kings 13:19 וַיִּקְצֹ֨ף and he was angry

But the man of God was angry with him and said, “You should have struck the ground five or six times. Then you would have struck down Aram until you had put an end to it. But now you will strike down Aram only three times.”

Esther 1:12 וַיִּקְצֹ֤ף and he was angry

Queen Vashti, however, refused to come at the king’s command brought by his eunuchs. And the king became furious, and his anger burned within him.

Esther 2:21 קָצַף֩ he was angry

In those days, while Mordecai was sitting at the king’s gate, Bigthan and Teresh, two of the king’s eunuchs who guarded the entrance, grew angry and conspired to assassinate King Xerxes.

Psalm 106:32 וַ֭יַּקְצִיפוּ and they provoked to anger

At the waters of Meribah they angered the LORD, and trouble came to Moses because of them.

Here: The causative form: 'they made [someone] furious.' The one provoked is not named in Hebrew; the surrounding psalm and the parallel in Deuteronomy 9:7–8, 22 show it is God. The verb opens the line, putting the people's act first.

Ecclesiastes 5:6 יִקְצֹ֤ף will he be angry

Do not let your mouth cause your flesh to sin, and do not tell the messenger that your vow was a mistake. Why should God be angry with your words and destroy the work of your hands?

Isaiah 8:21 וְהִתְקַצַּ֗ף and it will be enraged

They will roam the land, dejected and hungry. When they are famished, they will become enraged; and looking upward, they will curse their king and their God.

Here: A reflexive form found only here: 'work oneself into a fury.' The root is the usual word for burning anger, very often God's own wrath. It is anger, not worry or anxiety.

Isaiah 47:6 קָצַ֣פְתִּי I was angry

I was angry with My people; I profaned My heritage, and I placed them under your control. You showed them no mercy; even on the elderly you laid a most heavy yoke.

Here: God speaks in the first person: 'I was angry.' The verb is a completed action. It looks back on the anger that led to the fall of Jerusalem in 587/586 BC, now treated as past.

Isaiah 54:9 מִקְּצֹ֥ף from being angry

“For to Me this is like the days of Noah, when I swore that the waters of Noah would never again cover the earth. So I have sworn that I will not be angry with you or rebuke you.

Here: 'That I will not be angry'. This verb is the root of the noun qeṣep, 'wrath', used in verse 8 ('in a surge of wrath'). So God swears off the very anger he has just admitted to.

Isaiah 57:16 אֶקְּצ֑וֹף I will be angry

For I will not accuse you forever, nor will I always be angry; for then the spirit of man would grow weak before Me—the breath of life I have made.

Here: "Will I stay furious." The verb describes a hot, provoked anger. Verse 17 uses it twice to admit that God really was angry, so what this verse limits is how long the anger lasts. It does not deny the anger.

Isaiah 57:17 קָצַ֥פְתִּי וְאֶקְצֹ֑ף I was angry, and I may be angry

I was enraged by his sinful greed, so I struck him and hid My face in anger; yet he kept turning back to the desires of his heart.

Here: 'I was angry.' This verb is used mostly of God's anger, an anger that breaks out in action. The perfect form looks back on something already done.

Isaiah 64:5 קָצַ֙פְתָּ֙ you were angry

You welcome those who gladly do right, who remember Your ways. Surely You were angry, for we sinned. How can we be saved if we remain in our sins?

Here: 'You were angry.' The verb describes anger that breaks out against someone, here God's anger against his people. The disaster of conquest and exile is felt as that anger.

Isaiah 64:9 תִּקְצֹ֤ף you be angry

Do not be angry, O LORD, beyond measure; do not remember our iniquity forever. Oh, look upon us, we pray; we are all Your people!

Here: Strong, open anger, a word often used for God's wrath against his people. The speakers have just admitted 'you were angry, and we sinned' (64:5), so they do not ask him to stop being angry at all. They ask him not to let it go too far.

Jeremiah 37:15 וַיִּקְצְפ֧וּ and they were angry

The officials were angry with Jeremiah, and they beat him and placed him in jail in the house of Jonathan the scribe, for it had been made into a prison.

Here: A sudden outburst of indignation. The word is often used of God's wrath and of kings' fury. It opens the verse with the officials' temper, before any hearing happens.

Lamentations 5:22 קָצַ֥פְתָּ you are angry

unless You have utterly rejected us and remain angry with us beyond measure.

Zechariah 1:2 קָצַ֧ף he was angry

“The LORD was very angry with your fathers.

Zechariah 1:15 קֹצֵ֔ף קָצַ֣פְתִּי [am] angry, I was angry

but I am fiercely angry with the nations that are at ease. For I was a little angry, but they have added to the calamity.’

Here: A participle, the verbal form for an ongoing state: 'I am being angry,' right now. Noun and verb come from the same root (literally 'with great wrath I am wrathing'), and the doubling makes the anger more intense.

Zechariah 8:14 בְּהַקְצִ֤יף when provoked to anger

For this is what the LORD of Hosts says: “Just as I resolved to bring disaster upon you when your fathers provoked Me to anger, and I did not relent,” says the LORD of Hosts,

Here: “When (they) provoked to fury.” This is a causative form: the fathers *made* God angry. The anger is presented as a response to what they did, not as something arbitrary.