רָגַל

Genesis 42:9 מְרַגְּלִ֣ים [are] spies

Joseph remembered his dreams about them and said, “You are spies! You have come to see if our land is vulnerable.”

Genesis 42:11 מְרַגְּלִֽים׃ spies

We are all sons of one man. Your servants are honest men, not spies.”

Genesis 42:14 מְרַגְּלִ֥ים [are] spies

Then Joseph declared, “Just as I said, you are spies!

Genesis 42:16 מְרַגְּלִ֖ים [are] spies

Send one of your number to get your brother; the rest of you will be confined so that the truth of your words may be tested. If they are untrue, then as surely as Pharaoh lives, you are spies!”

Genesis 42:30 כִּֽמְרַגְּלִ֖ים like [those who] spy out

“The man who is lord of the land spoke harshly to us and accused us of spying on the country.

Genesis 42:31 מְרַגְּלִֽים׃ spies

But we told him, ‘We are honest men, not spies.

Genesis 42:34 מְרַגְּלִים֙ [are] spies

But bring your youngest brother back to me so I will know that you are not spies but honest men. Then I will give your brother back to you, and you can trade in the land.’”

Numbers 21:32 לְרַגֵּ֣ל to spy out

After Moses had sent spies to Jazer, Israel captured its villages and drove out the Amorites who were there.

Deuteronomy 1:24 וַֽיְרַגְּל֖וּ and they spied out

They left and went up into the hill country, and came to the Valley of Eshcol and spied out the land.

Here: "And they spied out": the verb is built from regel, "foot." It pictures going over ground on foot to gather information, the job of a scout or spy. It is the usual word for spying out enemy territory before an attack (compare Josh 2:1; Josh 7:2).

Joshua 2:1 מְרַגְּלִים֙ spies

Then Joshua son of Nun secretly sent two spies from Shittim, saying, “Go, inspect the land, especially Jericho.” So they went and entered the house of a prostitute named Rahab and stayed there.

Here: 'Spying' or 'as spies.' The verb comes from regel, 'foot': people who go over ground on foot to look it over. The form describes what they are doing more than giving them a job title.

Joshua 6:22 הַֽמְרַגְּלִ֤ים who had spied out

Meanwhile, Joshua told the two men who had spied out the land, “Go into the house of the prostitute and bring out the woman and all who are with her, just as you promised her.”

Here: A participle (a verb used like an adjective or noun), so roughly "the spying men", meaning "the spies". The root is built on regel, "foot": to go over ground on foot and scout it. It works almost like their title. The YLT's "who are spying" keeps the participle's form, but the scouting was done back in chapter 2.

Joshua 6:23 הַֽמְרַגְּלִ֗ים who had spied out

So the young spies went in and brought out Rahab, her father and mother and brothers, and all who belonged to her. They brought out her whole family and settled them outside the camp of Israel.

Here: 'The ones who spied.' The verb comes from regel, 'foot': to go over ground on foot and scout it. The phrase marks them as the same two men who gave Rahab the oath in chapter 2, so the people who swore it are the people who keep it.

Joshua 6:25 לְרַגֵּ֥ל to spy out

And Joshua spared Rahab the prostitute, with her father’s household and all who belonged to her, because she hid the men Joshua had sent to spy out Jericho. So she has lived among the Israelites to this day.

Here: 'To go about on foot' and so 'to reconnoitre, spy', a verb built from regel, 'foot'. It is the same root as 'spies' (meraggelim) in 2:1 and 6:22–23.

Joshua 7:2 וְרַגְּל֣וּ וַֽיְרַגְּל֖וּ and spy out, and they spied out

Meanwhile, Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which is near Beth-aven to the east of Bethel, and told them, “Go up and spy out the land.” So the men went up and spied out Ai.

Joshua 14:7 לְרַגֵּ֣ל to spy out

I was forty years old when Moses the servant of the LORD sent me from Kadesh-barnea to spy out the land, and I brought back to him an honest report.

Judges 18:2 לְרַגֵּ֤ל to spy out

So the Danites sent out five men from their clans, men of valor from Zorah and Eshtaol, to spy out the land and explore it. “Go and explore the land,” they told them. The men entered the hill country of Ephraim and came to the house of Micah, where they spent the night.

Judges 18:14 לְרַגֵּל֮ to spy out

Then the five men who had gone to spy out the land of Laish said to their brothers, “Did you know that one of these houses has an ephod, household gods, a graven image, and a molten idol? Now think about what you should do.”

Judges 18:17 לְרַגֵּ֣ל to spy out

And the five men who had gone to spy out the land went inside and took the graven image, the ephod, the household idols, and the molten idol, while the priest stood at the entrance of the gate with the six hundred armed men.

1 Samuel 26:4 מְרַגְּלִ֑ים spies

David sent out spies to verify that Saul had arrived.

2 Samuel 10:3 וּלְרַגְּלָ֣הּ and to spy on it

the princes of the Ammonites said to Hanun their lord, “Just because David has sent you comforters, do you really believe he is showing respect for your father? Has not David instead sent his servants to explore the city, spy it out, and overthrow it?”

2 Samuel 15:10 מְרַגְּלִ֔ים spies

Then Absalom sent spies throughout the tribes of Israel with this message: “When you hear the sound of the horn, you are to say, ‘Absalom reigns in Hebron!’”

2 Samuel 19:27 וַיְרַגֵּ֣ל and he has slandered

and he has slandered your servant to my lord the king. Yet my lord the king is like the angel of God, so do what is good in your eyes.

1 Chronicles 19:3 וּלְרַגֵּל֙ and to spy out

the princes of the Ammonites said to Hanun, “Just because David has sent you comforters, do you really believe he is showing respect for your father? Have not his servants come to you to explore the land, spy it out, and overthrow it?”

Psalm 15:3 רָגַ֨ל׀ he takes slander

who has no slander on his tongue, who does no harm to his neighbor, who casts no scorn on his friend,

Here: A verb made from regel, 'foot'. The picture is someone who goes around on foot carrying talk from house to house, the way a spy or a peddler gets around. This basic Qal form of the verb with this meaning occurs only here. The small vertical stroke after it (paseq) marks a slight pause in reading.