רוּעַ

Numbers 10:7 תָרִֽיעוּ׃ you will give an alarm

To convene the assembly, you are to sound long blasts, not short ones.

Numbers 10:9 וַהֲרֵעֹתֶ֖ם and you will give an alarm

When you enter into battle in your land against an adversary who attacks you, sound short blasts on the trumpets, and you will be remembered before the LORD your God and saved from your enemies.

Here: 'Then you shall sound the teru'ah', the broken or rapid alarm blast (or war cry) that Num 10:5–7 sets apart from the long steady blast for assembling. The form is a command for the future: this is what you are to do.

Joshua 6:5 יָרִ֥יעוּ they will shout

And when there is a long blast of the ram’s horn and you hear its sound, have all the people give a mighty shout. Then the wall of the city will collapse and all your people will charge straight into the city.”

Here: 'They will raise the cry'. The verb is used for a battle-cry or alarm, and also for loud shouting in worship before God. Here both meanings are present: it is an army's war-cry, raised in a procession led by the ark.

Joshua 6:10 תָרִ֙יעוּ֙ הָרִ֖יעוּ וַהֲרִיעֹתֶֽם׃ you must shout, shout, and you will shout

But Joshua had commanded the people: “Do not give a battle cry or let your voice be heard; do not let one word come out of your mouth until the day I tell you to shout. Then you are to shout!”

Here: Not ordinary loud speech but the specific, collective battle shout (the teru'ah) that an army raises at the moment of attack. That is the first and biggest thing forbidden.

Joshua 6:16 הָרִ֔יעוּ shout

After the seventh time around, the priests blew the horns, and Joshua commanded the people, “Shout! For the LORD has given you the city!

Joshua 6:20 וַיָּ֣רַע וַיָּרִ֤יעוּ and it shouted, and they shouted

So when the rams’ horns sounded, the people shouted. When they heard the blast of the horn, the people gave a great shout, and the wall collapsed. Then all the people charged straight into the city and captured it.

Here: 'And [the people] raised the cry.' The verb is singular because 'the people' acts as one body. It is the battle cry or alarm, not general noise. This opening clause sums up the scene before the verse tells it step by step.

Judges 7:21 וַיָּרִ֖יעוּ and they shouted in distress

Each Israelite took his position around the camp, and the entire Midianite army fled, crying out as they ran.

Judges 15:14 הֵרִ֣יעוּ they shouted

When Samson arrived in Lehi, the Philistines came out shouting against him. And the Spirit of the LORD came mightily upon him. The ropes on his arms became like burnt flax, and the bonds broke loose from his hands.

Here: The battle yell or shout of triumph (the same root as terua, the trumpet blast and war cry). Here it is a shout of victory and jeering at the sight of their bound enemy being delivered to them.

1 Samuel 4:5 וַיָּרִ֥עוּ and they shouted

When the ark of the covenant of the LORD entered the camp, all the Israelites raised such a great shout that the ground shook.

1 Samuel 10:24 וַיָּרִ֧עוּ and they shouted

Samuel said to all the people, “Do you see the one the LORD has chosen? There is no one like him among all the people.” And all the people shouted, “Long live the king!”

Here: To raise a loud group shout. The same verb is used for a battle cry, an alarm, and the roar that greets a king or God. It is loud and collective, not polite applause.

1 Samuel 17:20 וְהֵרֵ֖עוּ and they shouted a war cry

So David got up early in the morning, left the flock with a keeper, loaded up, and set out as Jesse had instructed him. He reached the camp as the army was marching out to its position and shouting the battle cry.

1 Samuel 17:52 וַיָּרִ֗עוּ and they shouted a war cry

Then the men of Israel and Judah charged forward with a shout and pursued the Philistines to the entrance of Gath and to the gates of Ekron. And the bodies of the Philistines were strewn along the Shaaraim road to Gath and Ekron.

2 Chronicles 13:12 לְהָרִ֣יעַ to sound [the] battle signal

Now behold, God Himself is with us as our head, and His priests with their trumpets sound the battle call against you. O children of Israel, do not fight against the LORD, the God of your fathers, for you will not succeed.”

Here: "To sound the war-blast". This is the verb from the same root as teruʿah, so the line has a ring to it: trumpets of the blast, to blast. It is the very act Numbers 10:9 commands when Israel goes to war.

2 Chronicles 13:15 וַיָּרִ֖יעוּ בְּהָרִ֙יעַ֙ and they sounded [the] battle signal, when sounded [the] battle signal

and the men of Judah raised the battle cry. And when they raised the cry, God routed Jeroboam and all Israel before Abijah and Judah.

Ezra 3:11 הֵרִיעוּ֩ they shouted

And they sang responsively with praise and thanksgiving to the LORD: “For He is good; for His loving devotion to Israel endures forever.” Then all the people gave a great shout of praise to the LORD, because the foundation of the house of the LORD had been laid.

Here: 'They shouted.' This is the verb for a mass cry: a war shout, a cheer for a king, or the cry when the ark of God arrived.

Ezra 3:13 מְרִיעִים֙ [were] shouting

The people could not distinguish the shouts of joy from the sound of weeping, because the people were making so much noise. And the sound was heard from afar.

Job 30:5 יָרִ֥יעוּ people shout

They were banished from among men, shouted at like thieves,

Job 38:7 וַ֝יָּרִ֗יעוּ and they shouted

while the morning stars sang together and all the sons of God shouted for joy?

Here: 'And they raised a shout.' This is the loud collective shout Israel used for a battle cry, for acclaiming a king, in temple praise, and at the laying of the temple's foundation (Ezra 3:11). 'For joy' is added by translators, but the context clearly supports it.

Psalm 41:11 יָרִ֖יעַ he shouts in triumph

By this I know that You delight in me, for my enemy does not triumph over me.

Here: "Raise a shout". This is the word for a battle cry, an alarm, or a victory shout. The picture is an enemy standing over a fallen opponent and crowing. The verb form is open-ended in time and can mean "does not shout" or "will not shout".

Psalm 47:1 הָרִ֥יעוּ shout for joy

For the choirmaster. A Psalm of the sons of Korah. Clap your hands, all you peoples; shout unto God with a voice of triumph.

Here: A plural command: "raise the shout!" The word belongs to the battlefield and the coronation: the war cry at Jericho, the crowd's roar of "Long live the king!" This is the loud cry that greets a victorious ruler, not polite applause.

Psalm 60:8 הִתְרֹעָֽעִֽי׃ shout

Moab is My washbasin; upon Edom I toss My sandal; over Philistia I shout in triumph.”

Psalm 65:13 יִ֝תְרוֹעֲע֗וּ they shout for joy

The pastures are clothed with flocks, and the valleys are decked with grain. They shout in triumph; indeed, they sing.

Here: An intensive, self-directed form of the verb for the loud shout of battle, victory and festival acclamation, related to tərûʿâ, the trumpet blast or war cry. The land itself breaks into a great, perhaps back-and-forth, cheer.

Psalm 66:1 הָרִ֥יעוּ shout for joy

For the choirmaster. A song. A Psalm. Make a joyful noise to God, all the earth!

Here: A command addressed to a whole crowd: 'raise the shout!' It is the loud cry a mass of people gives, the cry of battle, of alarm, or of acclaim for a king. Here it is the roar of acclaim.

Psalm 81:1 הָ֝רִ֗יעוּ shout for joy

For the choirmaster. According to Gittith. Of Asaph. Sing for joy to God our strength; make a joyful noise to the God of Jacob.

Here: 'Raise the shout!' This is the verb for a crowd's roar: hailing a king, giving a battle-cry, or sounding trumpets and the ram's horn. Two verses later the ram's horn is blown (v. 3). The word means loud, public acclamation, not soft or casual noise.

Psalm 95:1 נָ֝רִ֗יעָה let us shout for joy

Come, let us sing for joy to the LORD; let us shout to the Rock of our salvation!

Here: 'Let us raise the shout.' This is the word for the roar of a crowd or army: the battle cry, the cheer that greets a king, the blast of a trumpet. Here it is a public acclamation of God as king and victor.

Psalm 95:2 נָרִ֥יעַֽ let us shout for joy

Let us enter His presence with thanksgiving; let us make a joyful noise to Him in song.

Here: "Let us shout aloud." This is the loud cry a crowd raised to hail a king or an army raised going into battle, here turned into a cry of homage. Grammatically it is a plain future form, but it sits alongside the "let us" forms and works the same way.

Psalm 98:4 הָרִ֣יעוּ shout for joy

Make a joyful noise to the LORD, all the earth; break forth—let your cry ring out, and sing praises!

Here: A command to many people at once: 'raise the great shout!' It is the word for a crowd's roar: the battle cry, the trumpet blast, the cheer that greets a king. Here it is the cheer of acclamation for Yahweh as victorious King (compare v. 6, 'shout before the King, Yahweh').

Psalm 98:6 הָ֝רִ֗יעוּ shout for joy

With trumpets and the blast of the ram’s horn shout for joy before the LORD, the King.

Psalm 100:1 הָרִ֥יעוּ shout for joy

A Psalm of thanksgiving. Make a joyful noise to the LORD, all the earth.

Here: A plural command: 'Shout!', addressed to many people. It is the loud, united cry of a crowd, the kind raised to hail a king, to start a battle, or to sound alongside trumpets. It is about volume and loyalty, not musical skill.

Psalm 108:9 אֶתְרוֹעָֽע׃ I shout in triumph

Moab is My washbasin; upon Edom I toss My sandal; over Philistia I shout in triumph.”

Isaiah 15:4 יָרִ֔יעוּ they are shouting

Heshbon and Elealeh cry out; their voices are heard as far as Jahaz. Therefore the soldiers of Moab cry out; their souls tremble within.

Isaiah 16:10 יְרֹעָ֑ע anything will be shouted

Joy and gladness are removed from the orchard; no one sings or shouts in the vineyards. No one tramples the grapes in the winepresses; I have put an end to the cheering.

Isaiah 42:13 יָרִ֙יעַ֙ he will raise a war-cry

The LORD goes forth like a mighty one; He stirs up His zeal like a warrior. He shouts; yes, He roars in triumph over His enemies:

Here: The battle-shout raised as an army charges (Josh 6:16, 20 at Jericho; Judg 7:21). The same root gives the ritual shout of worship. God gives the signal for the attack.

Isaiah 44:23 הָרִ֙יעוּ֙ shout in triumph

Sing for joy, O heavens, for the LORD has done this; shout aloud, O depths of the earth. Break forth in song, O mountains, you forests and all your trees. For the LORD has redeemed Jacob, and revealed His glory in Israel.

Here: Raise the great shout: the war cry at Jericho, the trumpet blast, the cheer that hails a new king. Here it is the victory cheer for a God who has won.

Jeremiah 50:15 הָרִ֨יעוּ shout out

Raise a war cry against her on every side! She has thrown up her hands in surrender; her towers have fallen; her walls are torn down. Since this is the vengeance of the LORD, take out your vengeance upon her; as she has done, do the same to her.

Here: A command to many people: 'raise the war cry!' This is the battle shout (tᵉrûʿâ) an army gives as it closes on a city. It is not just loud talk. It signals that the attack has begun and is meant to terrify the defenders.

Hosea 5:8 הָרִ֙יעוּ֙ sound an alarm

Blow the ram’s horn in Gibeah, the trumpet in Ramah; raise the battle cry in Beth-aven: Lead on, O Benjamin!

Here: A plural command, 'Raise the shout!' The verb is used for the war cry and the alarm blast (Num 10:9; Josh 6:16). In a war setting it is the noise that sends people running for the walls or into battle.

Joel 2:1 וְהָרִ֙יעוּ֙ and sound a battle signal

Blow the ram’s horn in Zion; sound the alarm on My holy mountain! Let all who dwell in the land tremble, for the Day of the LORD is coming; indeed, it is near—

Here: 'And raise the alarm!' It is the verb behind teruah, the battle shout or signal blast. In war contexts it means sounding the call to arms. Here it can be the shout of voices, the horn blast, or both.

Micah 4:9 תָרִ֖יעִי do you shout

Why do you now cry aloud? Is there no king among you? Has your counselor perished so that anguish grips you like a woman in labor?

Here: "You (a woman) are raising a shout." The verb covers war cries, alarms and loud public cries of many kinds. Here it is the noise of a city in panic, not private weeping. The form is feminine because Zion is pictured as a woman.

Zephaniah 3:14 הָרִ֖יעוּ shout

Sing for joy, O Daughter of Zion; shout aloud, O Israel! Be glad and rejoice with all your heart, O Daughter of Jerusalem!

Here: The form switches to a plural command aimed at the people as a crowd: 'all of you, raise the shout!' The verb is the one used for the battle shout and for hailing a king, which prepares for 'the King of Israel… is among you' in v.15.

Zechariah 9:9 הָרִ֙יעִי֙ shout for joy

Rejoice greatly, O Daughter of Zion! Shout in triumph, O Daughter of Jerusalem! See, your King comes to you, righteous and victorious, humble and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.

Here: A causative command: 'raise the shout!' The same verb is used for the battle cry and for the crowd's acclamation of a new king (1 Samuel 10:24). Here it is the roar that greets a king as he enters.