Hebrew word · H7814
שְׂחֹק
sechok
laughter
Laughter, merriment, play. It can also mean laughter at someone: mockery or derision (Job 12:4; Lamentations 3:14).
Appears 15 times in 14 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·
What it means
1) laughter, laughing stock, mocking, derision
1a) laughter
1a1) joyful
1a2) hollow
1b) derision (of object)
1c) sport
Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
In depth
From the study of Ecclesiastes 10:19
- Range of meaning
Laughter, merriment, play. It can also mean laughter at someone: mockery or derision (Job 12:4; Lamentations 3:14).
- Against the English
'Laughter' and 'mirth' (YLT) are accurate. NASB's 'enjoyment' and NLT's paraphrase soften the word and lose its link to the book's other comments on laughter.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Within Ecclesiastes: 'I said of laughter, "It is mad"' (2:2); 'a time to laugh' (3:4); 'sorrow is better than laughter' (7:3); 'like the crackling of thorns under a pot, so is the laughter of the fool' (7:6). Elsewhere: Proverbs 14:13, 'even in laughter the heart may ache.'
From the study of Jeremiah 20:7
- Range of meaning
Laughter, either joyful (Ps 126:2) or scornful; as an object, 'a laughingstock', someone others laugh at.
- Against the English
'Laughingstock' (BSB, WEB) is exact. KJV 'in derision' is also good.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Lam 3:14: 'I have become a laughingstock (śĕḥōq) to all my peoples, their mocking song all day long', almost the same wording, used of a suffering figure. Job 12:4: 'I am a laughingstock to my friends.' Ps 22:7 combines laughing and mocking (lāʿag) against the righteous sufferer.
From the study of Jeremiah 48:26
- Range of meaning
Laughter: sometimes joy (Ps 126:2; Eccl 3:4), but often derision, being the object of jeering (Jer 20:7; Lam 3:14; Job 12:4).
- Against the English
'Laughingstock' (BSB, NASB) and 'derision' (KJV, WEB, YLT) both fit. NIV's 'object of ridicule' is a fair equivalent.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Jeremiah himself says, 'I have become a laughingstock (lisḥoq) all day' (Jer 20:7). Lam 3:14 says the same of the suffering speaker. In the next verse (48:27) the same noun with the article describes Israel as Moab's laughingstock.
Where it appears
Job · 3
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Job 8:21 שְׂח֣וֹק laughter
He will yet fill your mouth with laughter, and your lips with a shout of joy.
Here: Here it means glad, carefree laughter, the sound of a life put right. The same noun can also mean mockery, and Job later uses it that way about himself (12:4: 'I am a laughingstock'). That gives Bildad's promise an ironic edge.
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Job 12:4 שְׂחֹ֤ק שְׂ֝ח֗וֹק a laughingstock, [is] a laughingstock
I am a laughingstock to my friends, though I called on God, and He answered. The righteous and upright man is a laughingstock.
Here: The plain noun 'laughter', used here for the thing people laugh at. Job does not say he is laughed at now and then. He says he has become the laughter itself, a standing joke. It opens the verse, and the same word returns in the second line, so the complaint is framed by it at both ends.
Psalms · 1
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Psalm 126:2 שְׂח֡וֹק laughter
Then our mouths were filled with laughter, our tongues with shouts of joy. Then it was said among the nations, “The LORD has done great things for them.”
Here: Out-loud laughter, here the laughter of people who can hardly believe their good fortune. The same word elsewhere names Israel as the nations' 'laughingstock' (Lam 3:14), so the laughter now belongs to them, not to their mockers.
Proverbs · 2
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Proverbs 10:23 כִּשְׂח֣וֹק [is] like sport
The fool delights in shameful conduct, but a man of understanding has wisdom.
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Proverbs 14:13 בִּשְׂח֥וֹק in laughter
Even in laughter the heart may ache, and joy may end in sorrow.
Ecclesiastes · 4
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Ecclesiastes 2:2 לִשְׂח֖וֹק of laughter
I said of laughter, “It is folly,” and of pleasure, “What does it accomplish?”
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Ecclesiastes 7:3 מִשְּׂחֹ֑ק more than laughter
Sorrow is better than laughter, for a sad countenance is good for the heart.
Here: 'Than laughter', with the comparative prefix 'mi-'. This is party laughter, the noise of the 'house of feasting' (v. 2). Verse 6 compares the fool's laughter to thorns crackling under a pot.
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Ecclesiastes 7:6 שְׂחֹ֣ק [the] laughter of
For like the crackling of thorns under the pot, so is the laughter of the fool. This too is futile.
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Ecclesiastes 10:19 לִשְׂחוֹק֙ for laughter
A feast is prepared for laughter, and wine makes life merry, but money is the answer for everything.
Here: Placed first for emphasis: it is *for laughter* that the meal is made. In Ecclesiastes 'laughter' is often viewed warily (2:2; 7:3, 6), so the word can carry a hint of frivolity as well as plain fun.
Jeremiah · 4
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Jeremiah 20:7 לִשְׂחוֹק֙ <into> a laughing stock
You have deceived me, O LORD, and I was deceived. You have overcome me and prevailed. I am a laughingstock all day long; everyone mocks me.
Here: With the preposition 'into/as': 'into a laughingstock'. Here it is scornful laughter aimed at a person. In an honour-based society this is public shame.
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Jeremiah 48:26 לִשְׂחֹ֖ק <into> a laughing stock
“Make him drunk, because he has magnified himself against the LORD; so Moab will wallow in his own vomit, and he will also become a laughingstock.
Here: 'Into a laughing matter', meaning an object of mockery. The same word starts the next verse: 'Was not Israel a laughingstock (haśśeḥoq) to you?' Moab gets back exactly what it gave out.
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Jeremiah 48:27 הַשְּׂחֹ֗ק the laughing stock
Was not Israel your object of ridicule? Was he ever found among thieves? For whenever you speak of him you shake your head.
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Jeremiah 48:39 לִשְׂחֹ֥ק <into> a laughing stock
“How shattered it is! How they wail! How Moab has turned his back in shame! Moab has become an object of ridicule and horror to all those around him.”
Lamentations · 1
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Lamentations 3:14 שְּׂחֹק֙ a laughingstock
I am a laughingstock to all my people; they mock me in song all day long.
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.