ἐπαγγέλλω

Mark 14:11 ἐπηγγείλαντο they promised

They were delighted to hear this, and they promised to give him money. So Judas began to look for an opportunity to betray Jesus.

Acts 7:5 ἐπηγγείλατο He promised

He gave him no inheritance here, not even a foot of ground. But God promised to give possession of the land to Abraham and his descendants, even though he did not yet have a child.

Here: Middle-voice form meaning 'to promise, to pledge oneself.' The supplied gloss 'profess' belongs to other contexts. It is the key word of Stephen's speech (compare 'the time of the promise' in 7:17).

Romans 4:21 ἐπήγγελται He has promised

being fully persuaded that God was able to do what He had promised.

Here: "He has promised", in the perfect tense: the promise was spoken in the past and still stands. It points back to the specific promises Paul has just quoted, "father of many nations" and "so shall your offspring be" (vv.17-18; Gen 15:5; 17:5).

Galatians 3:19 ἐπήγγελται, promise has been made,

Why then was the law given? It was added because of transgressions, until the arrival of the seed to whom the promise referred. It was administered through angels by a mediator.

Here: Perfect tense: 'to whom it has been promised', a promise made and still standing. It can also be read as 'to whom he [God] has promised'. Here the verb means 'promise', not 'profess'.

1 Timothy 2:10 ἐπαγγελλομέναις professing

but with good deeds, as is proper for women who profess to worship God.

Here: 'Who publicly claim' or 'who profess'. The present tense describes an ongoing public stance. The word implies a visible claim that ought to be backed up. Greek writers used it of teachers who claimed expertise.

1 Timothy 6:21 ἐπαγγελλόμενοι professing

which some have professed and thus swerved away from the faith. Grace be with you all.

Here: Present participle, middle voice: 'laying claim to it' or 'advertising themselves as experts in it'. The present tense shows an ongoing claim. The participle can be read as 'by professing it' (the cause of the failure) or 'while professing it'.

Titus 1:2 ἐπηγγείλατο promised

in the hope of eternal life, which God, who cannot lie, promised before time began.

Here: 'Promised' is a single past act. God bound himself publicly by his word. (The supplied dictionary gloss 'to profess' fits other verses; here the sense is clearly 'promise'.)

Hebrews 6:13 ἐπαγγειλάμενος having made His promise

When God made His promise to Abraham, since He had no one greater to swear by, He swore by Himself,

Here: "Having promised" or "when he promised". It is a middle-voice participle. In the middle voice this verb is the normal word for making a binding public pledge, and here it clearly means "promise", not "profess". It picks up "the promises" (epangeliai) of v.12.

Hebrews 10:23 ἐπαγγειλάμενος, having promised,

Let us hold resolutely to the hope we profess, for He who promised is faithful.

Here: "Having promised." It points back to a promise already given. Hebrews uses the same word for God's promise to Abraham (6:13) and for Sarah, who "considered him faithful who had promised" (11:11), so the readers stand in the same position as the patriarchs.

Hebrews 11:11 ἐπαγγειλάμενον. having promised.

By faith Sarah, even though she was barren and beyond the proper age, was enabled to conceive a child, because she considered Him faithful who had promised.

Here: 'The one who had promised' is God, named by what he did. 'Promise' is a key word in Hebrews (6:13–18; 10:23; 11:9, 13, 17, 33, 39).

Hebrews 12:26 ἐπήγγελται He has promised

At that time His voice shook the earth, but now He has promised, “Once more I will shake not only the earth, but heaven as well.”

Here: A perfect tense: God made the promise and it still stands in force. "Promise" is a key word in Hebrews. Here the promise is double-edged, a coming upheaval that ends in an unshakable kingdom for those who listen (v. 28).

James 1:12 ἐπηγγείλατο He has promised

Blessed is the man who perseveres under trial, because when he has stood the test, he will receive the crown of life that God has promised to those who love Him.

Here: 'He promised.' The subject is left unstated in the oldest text but is plainly God. The reward is a pledge already given, not a wage earned. James 2:5 uses the same phrase for the kingdom 'which he promised to those who love him'.

James 2:5 ἐπηγγείλατο He promised

Listen, my beloved brothers: Has not God chosen the poor of this world to be rich in faith and to inherit the kingdom He promised those who love Him?

Here: 'He promised.' The inheritance rests on God's own pledge, not on anyone's present status. Compare 1:12: the crown 'which he promised to those who love him'.

2 Peter 2:19 ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, promising,

They promise them freedom, while they themselves are slaves to depravity. For a man is a slave to whatever has mastered him.

Here: A present participle: they keep making this promise. The same word family is used in 2 Peter for God's 'promises' (1:4; 3:4, 9, 13). These teachers offer a rival promise of their own.

1 John 2:25 ἐπηγγείλατο promised

And this is the promise that He Himself made to us: eternal life.

Here: Aorist (simple past): a promise made at a definite time, most naturally in the message the readers "heard from the beginning." Together with the noun it gives a deliberate repetition: "the promise he promised."