Greek word · G3606

ὅθεν

hothen

whence

'From where' (place), 'from which' (source), and so 'for which reason, therefore' (logical consequence).

Appears 15 times in 15 verses of the Greek New Testament. ·

What it means

ὅθεν

adv.,

whence;

(a) of direction or source: Matthew 12:44, Luke 11:24, Acts 14:26 28:13; = ἐκεῖθεν ὅπου, Matthew 25:24, 26 (cf. Thuc., i, 89, 3); ὅ. γινώσκομεν, 1 John 2:18;

(b) of cause, whence, wherefore: Matthew 14:7, Acts 26:19, Hebrews 2:17 3:1 7:25 8:3 9:18 11:19.†

(AS)

From G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of Acts 26:19

Range of meaning

'From where' (place), 'from which' (source), and so 'for which reason, therefore' (logical consequence).

Against the English

KJV/YLT 'Whereupon' can sound merely temporal ('after that'). BSB 'So then' and ESV 'Therefore' bring out the logical link better.

Used elsewhere in the period

Used in Hebrews for logical inference (e.g. Heb 2:17; 3:1) and in Matt 14:7 for consequence.

From the study of Hebrews 11:19

Range of meaning

A relative adverb. (1) Place: "from where, from which place." (2) Cause or result: "for which reason, hence, therefore."

Against the English

KJV ("from whence"), ESV and NASB ("from which") and YLT ("whence") take it as place: from the dead. BSB and NIV ("and so... back from death") combine the two, using it as a link and also supplying "from death." WEB leaves out the word itself but supplies "from the dead."

Used elsewhere in the period

Elsewhere in the NT both senses occur. Place: Matthew 12:44, Luke 11:24, Acts 14:26. Cause: Matthew 14:7, Acts 26:19, 1 John 2:18. In Hebrews' other five uses (2:17; 3:1; 7:25; 8:3; 9:18) it always means "hence, therefore."

Where it appears

Matthew · 4
  1. Matthew 12:44 ὅθεν from where

    Then it says, ‘I will return to the house I left.’ On its return, it finds the house vacant, swept clean, and put in order.

    Here: 'From where'. It ties the return to the exact place the spirit was expelled from.

  2. Matthew 14:7 ὅθεν whereupon

    so much that he promised with an oath to give to her whatever she asked.

    Here: Here it gives the reason, not a place: 'and so', 'whereupon'. The pleasure of verse 6 leads straight into the pledge, so the oath comes out of a moment of delight at a banquet, not out of careful thought. Elsewhere in Matthew (12:44; 25:24, 26) the word means 'from where'; this is its one use in Matthew meaning 'for this reason'.

  3. Matthew 25:24 ὅθεν from where

    Finally, the servant who had received the one talent came and said, ‘Master, I knew that you are a hard man, reaping where you have not sown and gathering where you have not scattered seed.

    Here: "From where." Strictly it means a place from which something is taken: he collects from a source he did not supply. YLT keeps this with "from whence."

  4. Matthew 25:26 ὅθεν from where

    ‘You wicked, lazy servant!’ replied his master. ‘You knew that I reap where I have not sown and gather where I have not scattered seed.

    Here: 'From where': from a place where he did no scattering.

Luke · 1
  1. Luke 11:24 ὅθεν from where

    When an unclean spirit comes out of a man, it passes through arid places seeking rest and does not find it. Then it says, ‘I will return to the house I left.’

    Here: 'From which', a relative adverb pointing back to the house.

Acts · 3
  1. Acts 14:26 ὅθεν from where

    From Attalia they sailed to Antioch, where they had been commended to the grace of God for the work they had just completed.

    Here: 'The place from which.' It marks Antioch as where the mission began, so arriving there closes the circle.

  2. Acts 26:19 Ὅθεν, So then,

    So then, King Agrippa, I was not disobedient to the heavenly vision.

    Here: Literally 'from which point'. Here it draws a consequence: everything Paul did next follows from the commission Jesus has just given him (vv. 16–18). The sense is 'for that reason', not simply 'after that'.

  3. Acts 28:13 ὅθεν from where

    From there we weighed anchor and came to Rhegium. After one day, a south wind came up, and on the second day we arrived at Puteoli.

Hebrews · 6
  1. Hebrews 2:17 ὅθεν Therefore

    For this reason He had to be made like His brothers in every way, so that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in service to God, in order to make atonement for the sins of the people.

    Here: Literally "from which point". It draws a conclusion from verses 14–16: since the ones he came to rescue are flesh-and-blood descendants of Abraham, and not angels, what follows is required.

  2. Hebrews 3:1 Ὅθεν, Therefore,

    Therefore, holy brothers, who share in the heavenly calling, set your focus on Jesus, the apostle and high priest whom we confess.

    Here: Literally "from which place". Here it draws a conclusion from all of chapter 2, especially 2:17–18, where Jesus became like his brothers so he could be a merciful and faithful high priest. The command that follows rests on what has just been shown.

  3. Hebrews 7:25 ὅθεν wherefore

    Therefore He is able to save completely those who draw near to God through Him, since He always lives to intercede for them.

    Here: Logical 'for this reason'. It is one of Hebrews' favourite connecting words (2:17; 3:1; 8:3). It ties the verse to v. 24: because Jesus holds a priesthood that never passes to anyone else, what follows is true.

  4. Hebrews 8:3 ὅθεν wherefore [it was]

    And since every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices, it was necessary for this One also to have something to offer.

  5. Hebrews 9:18 ὅθεν wherefore

    That is why even the first covenant was not put into effect without blood.

  6. Hebrews 11:19 ὅθεν from where

    Abraham reasoned that God could raise the dead, and in a sense, he did receive Isaac back from death.

    Here: This word can be read two ways. It can mean "from where," that is, from the dead, so Abraham got Isaac back from death's territory. Or it can mean "for this reason, hence": because he trusted God's power, he got Isaac back. Hebrews uses it in the "hence" sense everywhere else.

1 John · 1
  1. 1 John 2:18 ὅθεν whereby

    Children, it is the last hour; and just as you have heard that the antichrist is coming, so now many antichrists have appeared. This is how we know it is the last hour.

    Here: 'From this fact': the antichrists are the evidence from which a conclusion is drawn.

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.