συνίστημι, συνιστάω

Luke 9:32 συνεστῶτας already standing with

Meanwhile Peter and his companions were overcome by sleep, but when they awoke, they saw Jesus’ glory and the two men standing with Him.

Romans 3:5 συνίστησιν, shows,

But if our unrighteousness highlights the righteousness of God, what shall we say? That God is unjust to inflict His wrath on us? I am speaking in human terms.

Here: 'Shows clearly / brings to light'. Present tense: it is the ongoing effect of human wrong that God's rightness stands out by contrast. Same verb in 5:8, 'God demonstrates his own love'.

Romans 5:8 συνίστησιν Demonstrates

But God proves His love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.

Here: 'Puts on display, proves, establishes.' It is in the present tense and stands first in the sentence for emphasis: God goes on showing this. The demonstration still stands even though the death happened in the past.

Romans 16:1 Συνίστημι I commend

I commend to you our sister Phoebe, a servant of the church in Cenchrea.

2 Corinthians 3:1 συνιστάνειν; to commend?

Are we beginning to commend ourselves again? Or do we need, like some people, letters of recommendation to you or from you?

Here: The ordinary word for introducing someone and vouching for them to people who do not know them, the verb that goes with letters of recommendation. To "commend oneself" is to present your own credentials.

2 Corinthians 4:2 συνιστάνοντες commending

Instead, we have renounced secret and shameful ways. We do not practice deceit, nor do we distort the word of God. On the contrary, by open proclamation of the truth, we commend ourselves to every man’s conscience in the sight of God.

Here: To present someone as trustworthy, the language of letters of recommendation. Paul's credential is the openly displayed truth itself.

2 Corinthians 5:12 συνιστάνομεν are we commending

We are not commending ourselves to you again. Instead, we are giving you an occasion to be proud of us, so that you can answer those who take pride in appearances rather than in the heart.

Here: This is the language of reference letters: introducing someone and vouching for them. The present tense means 'we are not now doing that' with this letter.

2 Corinthians 6:4 συνιστάντες we are commending

Rather, as servants of God we commend ourselves in every way: in great endurance; in troubles, hardships, and calamities;

Here: Present participle, 'commending / presenting our credentials', an ongoing action. It is the word used for letters of recommendation, a live issue in Corinth (3:1). Here the credentials are not letters but a life under pressure.

2 Corinthians 7:11 συνεστήσατε you have proved

Consider what this godly sorrow has produced in you: what earnestness, what eagerness to clear yourselves, what indignation, what alarm, what longing, what zeal, what vindication! In every way you have proved yourselves to be innocent in this matter.

Here: 'You commended yourselves' — showed, by evidence, what you are. A loaded word in 2 Corinthians, where 'commending oneself' is a running theme (3:1; 5:12; 6:4).

2 Corinthians 10:12 συνιστανόντων· commending;

We do not dare to classify or compare ourselves with some who commend themselves. When they measure themselves by themselves and compare themselves with themselves, they show their ignorance.

Here: 'Those who present their own credentials.' This is the language of letters of recommendation (3:1). Their habit of self-promotion is ongoing, as the present tense shows. In sound it also sets up the closing verb syniasin.

2 Corinthians 10:18 συνιστάνων, συνίστησιν.¶ commending,, commends.

For it is not the one who commends himself who is approved, but the one whom the Lord commends.

Here: A present participle: someone who keeps at it, habitually presenting himself as trustworthy. This is the vocabulary of letters of recommendation, which comes up again and again in 2 Corinthians (3:1; 4:2; 5:12; 6:4; 10:12).

2 Corinthians 12:11 συνίστασθαι· to have been commended;

I have become a fool, but you drove me to it. In fact, you should have commended me, since I am in no way inferior to those “super-apostles,” even though I am nothing.

Here: "To be commended," in the sense of being formally vouched for and endorsed. The word appears again and again in 2 Corinthians (3:1; 5:12; 10:12, 18). If the church had stood up for him, he would never have had to commend himself.

Galatians 2:18 συνιστάνω· I prove;

If I rebuild what I have already torn down, I prove myself to be a lawbreaker.

Colossians 1:17 συνέστηκεν, have held together,

He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together.

Here: This is the perfect tense, a Greek form for a past action whose result still holds. In this form the verb means "has come to stand together and still stands together": the universe has been, and goes on being, a coherent whole in him. Elsewhere the same verb can mean "to commend" (Rom 5:8), but that sense does not apply here.

2 Peter 3:5 συνεστῶσα having been composed

But they deliberately overlook the fact that long ago by God’s word the heavens existed and the earth was formed out of water and by water,

Here: A perfect participle agreeing with 'earth': 'having been set together and still holding together.' The perfect tense joins a past act of formation to a lasting state. The earth's stability is a result of something done to it, not something it has on its own.