ἀσθένεια

Matthew 8:17 ἀσθενείας infirmities

This was to fulfill what was spoken through the prophet Isaiah: “He took up our infirmities and carried our diseases.”

Here: Literally 'lack of strength.' The word covers bodily weakness, chronic illness and disability. Here it translates the Hebrew ḥŏlî, 'sickness.' In the setting of verse 16 it plainly means physical illness.

Luke 5:15 ἀσθενειῶν sicknesses

But the news about Jesus spread all the more, and great crowds came to hear Him and to be healed of their sicknesses.

Luke 8:2 ἀσθενειῶν, infirmities,

as well as some women who had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities: Mary called Magdalene, from whom seven demons had gone out,

Here: "Weaknesses, illnesses": bodily diseases and disabling conditions, without any spirit involved.

Luke 13:11 ἀσθενείας of infirmity

and a woman there had been disabled by a spirit for eighteen years. She was hunched over and could not stand up straight.

Here: 'Of weakness': describes what the spirit did to her. It produced bodily weakness and disability. Verse 12 uses the same word on its own: 'you are released from your weakness.'

Luke 13:12 ἀσθενείας sickness

When Jesus saw her, He called her over and said, “Woman, you are set free from your disability.”

John 5:5 ἀσθενείᾳ infirmity

One man there had been an invalid for thirty-eight years.

Here: Literally 'lack of strength'. It is a broad word for illness or bodily frailty and does not name a disease. From 5:7–8 (he cannot get into the water fast enough, and is told to pick up his mat and walk), the condition clearly kept him from moving freely.

John 11:4 ἀσθένεια sickness

When Jesus heard this, He said, “This sickness will not end in death. No, it is for the glory of God, so that the Son of God may be glorified through it.”

Here: Literally “lack of strength.” It was the ordinary word for illness that leaves a person weak. It picks up the sisters’ verb in v. 3, asthenei (“is sick/weak”).

Acts 28:9 ἀσθενείας infirmities

After this had happened, the rest of the sick on the island came and were cured as well.

Romans 6:19 ἀσθένειαν weakness

I am speaking in human terms because of the weakness of your flesh. Just as you used to offer the parts of your body in slavery to impurity and to escalating wickedness, so now offer them in slavery to righteousness leading to holiness.

Here: The limitation of the hearers, either in understanding (they need a concrete picture) or in moral strength (see debates). Not illness here.

Romans 8:26 ἀσθενείᾳ weakness

In the same way, the Spirit helps us in our weakness. For we do not know how we ought to pray, but the Spirit Himself intercedes for us with groans too deep for words.

Here: Singular in the best manuscripts: our weakness as a condition, not a list of particular failings. It is the limitation of people who live in mortal bodies (8:10–11, 23) in an age that has not yet been set right. The next clause gives the example Paul has in mind: not knowing what to pray.

1 Corinthians 2:3 ἀσθενείᾳ weakness

I came to you in weakness and fear, and with much trembling.

Here: Lack of strength. It can mean illness, low social standing, a presence that impressed no one, or a mix of these. It echoes 'the weakness of God' (1:25) and 'the weak things of the world' (1:27).

1 Corinthians 15:43 ἀσθενείᾳ, weakness,

It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power.

Here: Lack of strength: the frailty, sickness and helplessness of the mortal body, which ends in a corpse that cannot move at all. Paul uses the same word for Christ "crucified in weakness" (2 Cor 13:4).

2 Corinthians 11:30 ἀσθενείας weakness

If I must boast, I will boast of the things that show my weakness.

Here: Lack of strength, power or standing: physical frailty, illness, vulnerability, humiliation, being at the mercy of others. Here it sums up the beatings, shipwrecks, hunger and anxiety of 11:23–29 and the undignified escape that follows in 11:32–33.

2 Corinthians 12:5 ἀσθενείαις weaknesses

I will boast about such a man, but I will not boast about myself, except in my weaknesses.

Here: Plural 'weaknesses'. The word covers bodily frailty and illness, but also the lowly status, lack of power and suffering of someone who looks like a nobody: beatings, hardships, humiliation, the 'thorn' (vv. 7–10).

2 Corinthians 12:9 ἀσθενείᾳ ἀσθενείαις weakness, weaknesses

But He said to me, “My grace is sufficient for you, for My power is perfected in weakness.” Therefore I will boast all the more gladly in my weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may rest on me.

Here: Singular and general: the condition of being weak. Here that means Paul's thorn, his bodily frailty and his lack of status.

2 Corinthians 12:10 ἀσθενείαις, weaknesses,

That is why, for the sake of Christ, I delight in weaknesses, in insults, in hardships, in persecutions, in difficulties. For when I am weak, then I am strong.

Here: Plural: "weaknesses" of every kind: bodily frailty (including the "thorn" of v.7), lack of impressive presence and speech that his critics mocked (10:10), and low social standing. It heads the list as the umbrella term picked up from v.9.

2 Corinthians 13:4 ἀσθενείας weakness

For He was indeed crucified in weakness, yet He lives by God’s power. For we are also weak in Him, yet by God’s power we will live with Him concerning you.

Here: Christ's human vulnerability: his mortal flesh, his powerlessness before the authorities, and the humiliation he accepted. It is not a moral fault and not an inability on God's part.

Galatians 4:13 ἀσθένειαν weakness

You know that it was because of an illness that I first preached the gospel to you.

1 Timothy 5:23 ἀσθενείας. ailments.

Stop drinking only water and use a little wine instead, because of your stomach and your frequent ailments.

Here: Literally 'lack of strength'. The plural refers to bouts of physical illness, not moral or spiritual weakness.

Hebrews 4:15 ἀσθενείαις weaknesses

For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who was tempted in every way that we are, yet was without sin.

Here: Plural: the many forms of human limitation, such as bodily frailty, sickness, mortality, fear and vulnerability under pressure. These are not chiefly sins. In 5:2 the ordinary high priest is himself "beset with weakness."

Hebrews 5:2 ἀσθένειαν· weakness;

He is able to deal gently with those who are ignorant and misguided, since he himself is subject to weakness.

Here: Human frailty in general. Verse 3 shows it includes being liable to sin, since because of it he must offer sacrifice for his own sins.

Hebrews 7:28 ἀσθένειαν, weakness,

For the law appoints as high priests men who are weak; but the oath, which came after the law, appointed the Son, who has been made perfect forever.

Here: Human frailty: mortality, limitation and vulnerability to sin. In Hebrews 5:2–3 this weakness is why the high priest must offer sacrifice for his own sins first, which is exactly the point of 7:27.

Hebrews 11:34 ἀσθενείας, weakness,

quenched the raging fire, and escaped the edge of the sword; who gained strength from weakness, became mighty in battle, and put foreign armies to flight.

Here: The word covers physical illness as well as general powerlessness, so it can point to Hezekiah's mortal sickness (Isa 38), blinded Samson (Judg 16:28), or Gideon from the weakest clan (Judg 6:15). Singular after ἀπό; YLT's plural "infirmities" is not required by the Greek.