זָרַח

Genesis 32:31 וַיִּֽזְרַֽח־ and it rose

The sun rose above him as he passed by Penuel, and he was limping because of his hip.

Exodus 22:3 זָרְחָ֥ה it has risen

But if it happens after sunrise, there is guilt for his bloodshed. A thief must make full restitution; if he has nothing, he himself shall be sold for his theft.

Deuteronomy 33:2 וְזָרַ֤ח and he dawned

He said: “The LORD came from Sinai and dawned upon us from Seir; He shone forth from Mount Paran and came with myriads of holy ones, with flaming fire at His right hand.

Here: The verb used for the sun coming up. God's arrival is pictured as sunrise breaking over the mountains, not simply 'rose up'.

Judges 9:33 כִּזְרֹ֣חַ when rises

And in the morning at sunrise, get up and advance against the city. When Gaal and his men come out against you, do to them whatever you are able.”

2 Samuel 23:4 יִזְרַח־ [when] it dawns

is like the light of the morning at sunrise of a cloudless dawn, the glistening after the rain on the sprouting grass of the earth.’

Here: The verb for the sun breaking over the horizon. The form can be read as a plain statement ('when the sun rises') or as a wish ('may the sun rise'). Elsewhere it is used for God's glory 'dawning' on his people.

2 Kings 3:22 זָרְחָ֣ה it shone

When they got up early in the morning, the sun was shining on the water, and it looked as red as blood to the Moabites across the way.

2 Chronicles 26:19 זָרְחָ֨ה it arose

Uzziah, with a censer in his hand to offer incense, was enraged. But while he raged against the priests in their presence in the house of the LORD before the altar of incense, leprosy broke out on his forehead.

Job 9:7 יִזְרָ֑ח it shines

He commands the sun not to shine; He seals off the stars.

Psalm 104:22 תִּזְרַ֣ח it rises

The sun rises, and they withdraw; they lie down in their dens.

Psalm 112:4 זָ֘רַ֤ח it rises

Light dawns in the darkness for the upright—for the gracious, compassionate, and righteous.

Here: This is the word for the sun coming up at daybreak. The Hebrew form presents it as a settled fact, something that happens and keeps happening: light 'has dawned' and does dawn. It comes first in the line because the psalm is an alphabet poem and this half-line has to start with the letter zayin.

Ecclesiastes 1:5 וְזָרַ֥ח זוֹרֵ֥חַֽ and it rises, [is] rising

The sun rises and the sun sets; it hurries back to where it rises.

Isaiah 58:10 וְזָרַ֤ח and it will rise

and if you give yourself to the hungry and satisfy the afflicted soul, then your light will go forth in the darkness, and your night will be like noonday.

Here: 'Then will rise.' A sunrise verb, used for the sun coming up over the horizon. This is where the 'then' half of the sentence starts.

Isaiah 60:1 זָרָֽח׃ it has dawned

Arise, shine, for your light has come, and the glory of the LORD rises upon you.

Here: 'Has dawned' or 'has risen'. This is the ordinary Hebrew verb for sunrise, and the word for 'east' (mizrach) comes from it. God's glory breaks over Zion like the sun coming up over the hills. Like 'has come', it is stated as already done.

Isaiah 60:2 יִזְרַ֣ח he will dawn

For behold, darkness covers the earth, and thick darkness is over the peoples; but the LORD will rise upon you, and His glory will appear over you.

Here: The ordinary verb for the sun coming up. God is pictured as the dawn breaking over Zion. It is a picture of the sun rising, not of someone standing up. Verse 1 uses the same verb in a completed form ("has dawned"); here it looks ahead ("will dawn").

Jonah 4:8 כִּזְרֹ֣חַ when arose

As the sun was rising, God appointed a scorching east wind, and the sun beat down on Jonah’s head so that he grew faint and wished to die, saying, “It is better for me to die than to live.”

Here: "Just as the sun came up." The time marker follows straight on from 4:7, where the worm struck "when dawn came up." First dawn and the worm, then sunrise and the wind: God's actions follow one after another through a single morning.

Nahum 3:17 זָֽרְחָה֙ it rises

Your guards are like the swarming locust, and your scribes like clouds of locusts that settle on the walls on a cold day. When the sun rises, they fly away, and no one knows where.

Here: 'The sun has risen.' No connecting word, which makes the change abrupt: the sun comes up, and the swarm is gone.

Malachi 4:2 וְזָרְחָ֨ה and it will rise

“But for you who fear My name, the sun of righteousness will rise with healing in its wings, and you will go out and leap like calves from the stall.

Here: The word for the sun coming up over the horizon, and for God's glory breaking out (Deut 33:2; Isa 60:1–2). The form points to the future and is feminine because its subject, 'sun', is feminine here: 'and she (the sun) will dawn'.