פָּרַר

Genesis 17:14 הֵפַֽר׃ ס he has broken

But if any male is not circumcised, he will be cut off from his people; he has broken My covenant.”

Here: 'He has annulled / made void'. The verb is used for nullifying vows and covenants. The perfect form treats it as already done: leaving the sign off is in itself the breach, not a step toward one.

Leviticus 26:15 לְהַפְרְכֶ֖ם to break you

and if you reject My statutes, despise My ordinances, and neglect to carry out all My commandments, and so break My covenant,

Here: Literally 'to your making-void.' The ending -khem ('your') shows who does it: Israel. The form describes the end result. In practice, Israel would be cancelling the agreement, not just stepping over one of its terms.

Leviticus 26:44 לְהָפֵ֥ר to break

Yet in spite of this, when they are in the land of their enemies, I will not reject or despise them so as to destroy them and break My covenant with them; for I am the LORD their God.

Here: 'To annul'. No 'and' joins it to the word before, so it explains it: wiping Israel out would mean voiding the covenant. This is the very thing Israel did in v.15 ('so that you break my covenant'), and God will not do it back.

Numbers 15:31 הֵפַ֑ר he has broken

He shall certainly be cut off, because he has despised the word of the LORD and broken His commandment; his guilt remains on him.”

Here: He has made it void and treated it as having no force over him. This is the language of breaking a covenant or cancelling a vow. It means more than a single slip.

Numbers 30:8 וְהֵפֵ֗ר and he will break

But if her husband prohibits her when he hears of it, he nullifies the vow that binds her or the rash promise she has made, and the LORD will absolve her.

Numbers 30:12 הָפֵר֩ יָפֵ֨ר הֲפֵרָ֔ם actually <break>, he will break, he has broken them

But if her husband nullifies them on the day he hears of them, then nothing that came from her lips, whether her vows or pledges, shall stand. Her husband has nullified them, and the LORD will absolve her.

Numbers 30:13 יְפֵרֶֽנּוּ׃ he will break it

Her husband may confirm or nullify any vow or any sworn pledge to deny herself.

Numbers 30:15 הָפֵ֥ר יָפֵ֛ר actually <break>, he will break

But if he nullifies them after he hears of them, then he will bear her iniquity.”

Deuteronomy 31:16 וְהֵפֵר֙ and it will break

And the LORD said to Moses, “You will soon rest with your fathers, and these people will rise up and prostitute themselves with the foreign gods of the land they are entering. They will forsake Me and break the covenant I have made with them.

Here: 'Will make void.' It is a legal and treaty word for cancelling a binding agreement, more than a one-time lapse.

Deuteronomy 31:20 וְהֵפֵ֖ר and it will break

When I have brought them into the land that I swore to give their fathers, a land flowing with milk and honey, they will eat their fill and prosper. Then they will turn to other gods and worship them, and they will reject Me and break My covenant.

Here: 'And he will break.' Back to the singular: the people as a whole voids the covenant. It is the same expression as in v. 16, and it is the word for cancelling a vow or treaty.

Judges 2:1 אָפֵ֧ר I will break

Now the angel of the LORD went up from Gilgal to Bochim and said, “I brought you up out of Egypt and led you into the land that I had promised to your fathers, and I said, ‘I will never break My covenant with you,

Here: 'Make void, cancel, frustrate'. It is used for annulling vows (Num 30) and for Israel 'breaking' the covenant (Deut 31:16, 20). God says he will not be the one who cancels it.

2 Samuel 15:34 וְהֵפַרְתָּ֣ה and you will frustrate

But you can thwart the counsel of Ahithophel for me if you return to the city and say to Absalom: ‘I will be your servant, my king; in the past I was your father’s servant, but now I will be your servant.’

Here: 'Then you will break / bring to nothing.' The same verb is used for breaking a covenant or cancelling a vow, and for God bringing human plans to nothing. Hushai is to make Ahithophel's plan come to nothing.

2 Samuel 17:14 לְהָפֵ֞ר to frustrate

Then Absalom and all the men of Israel said, “The advice of Hushai the Archite is better than that of Ahithophel.” For the LORD had purposed to thwart the good counsel of Ahithophel in order to bring disaster on Absalom.

Here: The same verb is used for breaking a covenant or cancelling a vow. To 'break' a counsel is to make it come to nothing, to nullify it.

1 Kings 15:19 הָפֵ֗רָה break !

“Let there be a treaty between me and you as there was between my father and your father. See, I have sent you a gift of silver and gold. Now go and break your treaty with Baasha king of Israel, so that he will withdraw from me.”

2 Chronicles 16:3 הָפֵ֣ר break

“Let there be a treaty between me and you as there was between my father and your father. See, I have sent you silver and gold. Now go and break your treaty with Baasha king of Israel, so that he will withdraw from me.”

Ezra 4:5 לְהָפֵ֣ר to frustrate

They hired counselors against them to frustrate their plans throughout the reign of Cyrus king of Persia and down to the reign of Darius king of Persia.

Ezra 9:14 לְהָפֵ֣ר to break

shall we again break Your commandments and intermarry with the peoples who commit these abominations? Would You not become so angry with us as to wipe us out, leaving no remnant or survivor?

Nehemiah 4:15 וַיָּ֥פֶר and he had frustrated

When our enemies heard that we were aware of their scheme and that God had frustrated it, each of us returned to his own work on the wall.

Job 5:12 מֵ֭פֵר [who] frustrates

He thwarts the schemes of the crafty, so that their hands find no success.

Here: A participle (a verb used like a title: "the one who breaks"), describing God's ongoing way of acting. The verb is used for breaking a covenant or cancelling a vow; here God makes the schemers' plans void, so they never take effect.

Job 15:4 תָּפֵ֣ר you annul

But you even undermine the fear of God and hinder meditation before Him.

Here: The verb for breaking a covenant, cancelling a vow, or wrecking a plan. Eliphaz says Job is cancelling reverence for God as if it were a broken agreement. The verb form describes something still going on: "you are making void."

Job 16:12 וַֽיְפַרְפְּרֵ֗נִי and he smashed me

I was at ease, but He shattered me; He seized me by the neck and crushed me. He has set me up as His target;

Job 40:8 תָּפֵ֣ר will you annul

Would you really annul My justice? Would you condemn Me to justify yourself?

Here: 'You would break.' The verb is used for breaking a covenant, cancelling a vow, or wrecking a plan. Here Job is pictured cancelling God's justice as if it were a void agreement or a ruling thrown out.

Psalm 74:13 פוֹרַ֣רְתָּ you divided

You divided the sea by Your strength; You smashed the heads of the dragons of the sea;

Here: A rare, intensive form found only here; it pictures the sea being split or broken up by force. To an Israelite it recalls both the parting of the sea at the Exodus and the old picture of God cleaving the hostile Sea at creation.

Psalm 85:4 וְהָפֵ֖ר and break

Restore us, O God of our salvation, and put away Your displeasure toward us.

Here: 'And break / annul'. This is the verb for breaking a covenant, cancelling a vow, or bringing a plan to nothing. They ask God to declare his standing grievance void, not just to calm down.

Psalm 119:126 הֵ֝פֵ֗רוּ people have broken

It is time for the LORD to act, for they have broken Your law.

Here: "They have broken / made void." This is the standard verb for breaking a covenant or cancelling a vow: treating a binding word as if it had no force. The form is a completed action ("they have"). The "they" is not named, but the stanza points to the arrogant oppressors of vv. 121–122.

Proverbs 15:22 הָפֵ֣ר they go wrong

Plans fail for lack of counsel, but with many advisers they succeed.

Here: A verbal noun opening the line like a verdict: "breaking!" or "frustration!" The same verb is used for breaking a covenant, cancelling a vow, and God or an enemy wrecking someone's scheme. Plans are not just 'unsuccessful'; they get broken apart.

Ecclesiastes 12:5 וְתָפֵ֖ר and it may fail

when men fear the heights and dangers of the road, when the almond tree blossoms, the grasshopper loses its spring, and the caper berry shrivels—for then man goes to his eternal home and mourners walk the streets.

Here: 'Fails' or 'is made ineffective'. Some take it as 'bursts open', since a ripe caper pod splits. Either way, the caper berry no longer does what it used to.

Isaiah 8:10 וְתֻפָ֑ר so it may be frustrated

Devise a plan, but it will be thwarted; state a proposal, but it will not happen. For God is with us.”

Here: "And it will be broken." The verb is the one used for breaking a covenant or cancelling a vow. The form is passive, and the one who does the breaking goes unnamed. The final clause shows it is God.

Isaiah 14:27 יָפֵ֑ר will he frustrate [it]

The LORD of Hosts has purposed, and who can thwart Him? His hand is outstretched, so who can turn it back?

Here: 'Will annul it / can make it void.' The word for breaking a covenant, cancelling a vow, or wrecking an adviser's counsel. The plan is pictured as a binding decree that no one has the standing or the power to cancel.

Isaiah 24:5 הֵפֵ֖רוּ they have broken

The earth is defiled by its people; they have transgressed the laws; they have overstepped the decrees and broken the everlasting covenant.

Here: The standard verb for breaking a covenant, used for a partner who treats a binding agreement as void. YLT's 'made void' catches this.

Isaiah 24:19 פּ֤וֹר הִֽתְפּוֹרְרָה֙ utterly <split>, it has been split through

The earth is utterly broken apart, the earth is split open, the earth is shaken violently.

Here: An emphasizing form of 'split' that strengthens the verb after it. The same root is the normal Hebrew verb for 'breaking' a covenant, and verse 5 uses it of humanity: 'they have broken (heferu) the everlasting covenant.'

Isaiah 33:8 הֵפֵ֤ר someone has broken

The highways are deserted; travel has ceased. The treaty has been broken, the witnesses are despised, and human life is disregarded.

Isaiah 44:25 מֵפֵר֙ [who] frustrates

who foils the signs of false prophets and makes fools of diviners, who confounds the wise and turns their knowledge into nonsense,

Here: Participle: 'the one who breaks / makes void'. Describes something God habitually does. It is the verb used for breaking a covenant or cancelling a plan, so the omens are treated like an agreement or decree that God simply annuls.

Jeremiah 11:10 הֵפֵ֤רוּ they have broken

They have returned to the sins of their forefathers who refused to obey My words. They have followed other gods to serve them. The house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken the covenant I made with their fathers.

Here: "They have made void." The verb is used for cancelling a vow or wrecking a plan. Here it treats the covenant as nullified and repudiated, not just strained.

Jeremiah 14:21 תָּפֵ֥ר you break

For the sake of Your name do not despise us; do not disgrace Your glorious throne. Remember Your covenant with us; do not break it.

Here: The causative form, meaning to annul or void an agreement. This is the standard verb for breaking a covenant. Usually Israel is the one who breaks it (Jer 11:10; 31:32). Here the people beg God not to do the same.

Jeremiah 31:32 הֵפֵ֣רוּ they broke

It will not be like the covenant I made with their fathers when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt—a covenant they broke, though I was a husband to them,” declares the LORD.

Here: 'Made void, nullified'. This is legal language for treating an agreement or vow as having no force, not just a single slip. Jeremiah 11:10 uses the same charge against the same two houses.

Jeremiah 33:20 תָּפֵ֙רוּ֙ you will break

“This is what the LORD says: If you can break My covenant with the day and My covenant with the night, so that day and night cease to occupy their appointed time,

Here: 'You (plural) break / could break.' This is the ordinary Hebrew verb for violating or cancelling a covenant. It is addressed to the doubters of verse 24. The future form carries the idea of possibility: 'if you are able to annul'.

Jeremiah 33:21 תֻפַר֙ it will be broken

then My covenant may also be broken with David My servant and with My ministers the Levites who are priests, so that David will not have a son to reign on his throne.

Ezekiel 16:59 לְהָפֵ֥ר by breaking

For this is what the Lord GOD says: I will deal with you according to your deeds, since you have despised the oath by breaking the covenant.

Ezekiel 17:15 וְהֵפֵ֥ר and will he break?

But this king rebelled against Babylon by sending his envoys to Egypt to ask for horses and a large army. Will he flourish? Will the one who does such things escape? Can he break a covenant and yet escape?’

Here: 'And has broken.' This is the standard verb for breaking a covenant (Lev 26:15; Deut 31:16; Jer 11:10). The verb is in the completed-action form: the breach is treated as already done, and the question is whether he can then walk away from it.

Ezekiel 17:16 הֵפֵ֖ר he broke

‘As surely as I live,’ declares the Lord GOD, ‘he will die in Babylon, in the land of the king who enthroned him, whose oath he despised and whose covenant he broke.

Ezekiel 17:18 לְהָפֵ֣ר by breaking

He despised the oath by breaking the covenant. Seeing that he gave his hand in pledge yet did all these things, he will not escape!’

Ezekiel 44:7 וַיָּפֵ֙רוּ֙ and they broke

In addition to all your other abominations, you brought in foreigners uncircumcised in both heart and flesh to occupy My sanctuary; you defiled My temple when you offered My food—the fat and the blood; you broke My covenant.

Here: "And they broke": to make void or nullify a binding agreement. The Hebrew text has "they"; the ancient translations have "you."

Zechariah 11:10 לְהָפֵיר֙ to break

Next I took my staff called Favor and cut it in two, revoking the covenant I had made with all the nations.

Here: "In order to annul." This states the purpose of the sign: chopping the staff acts out, and puts into effect, the cancelling of a covenant. The verb is the standard one for breaking or voiding a covenant or a vow.

Zechariah 11:11 וַתֻּפַ֖ר and it was broken

It was revoked on that day, and so the afflicted of the flock who were watching me knew that it was the word of the LORD.

Here: Passive form, feminine subject: "and it was broken/annulled." The unstated "it" is the covenant (bĕrît, a feminine noun) of verse 10, which the prophet had just declared void by snapping the staff called Favor.

Zechariah 11:14 לְהָפֵר֙ to break

Then I cut in two my second staff called Union, breaking the brotherhood between Judah and Israel.