Hebrew word · H6723
צִיָּה
tziyah
dryness
Dryness, drought; dry, waterless land (Ps 63:1; 78:17; Isa 35:1; Jer 2:6, "a land of drought and deep darkness"; Job 24:19).
Appears 16 times in 16 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·
What it means
dryness, drought, desert
Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
In depth
- Range of meaning
Dryness, drought; dry, waterless land (Ps 63:1; 78:17; Isa 35:1; Jer 2:6, "a land of drought and deep darkness"; Job 24:19).
- Against the English
"Dry land" (KJV/WEB) can sound neutral, like dry land as opposed to sea (Gen 1:9, a different word). BSB's "parched land" carries the sense of land that has failed and has no water.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Often paired with midbar to describe the wilderness of wandering (Jer 2:6; Ps 78:17–19).
From the study of Psalm 105:41
- Range of meaning
Dryness, drought; dry, parched land; desert. Often paired with 'wilderness' and 'thirsty land'.
- Against the English
'Dry places' (KJV, WEB, YLT, NASB) is literal and keeps the plural. 'Desert' (BSB, NIV, ESV) is fine but loses the sense of 'thirst-land'. To an English reader 'desert' can just mean an empty place, while ṣiyyāh names the dryness itself.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Psalm 63:1 'a dry (ṣiyyāh) and weary land without water'. Isaiah 35:1 'the wilderness and the dry land (ṣiyyāh) shall be glad'. Isaiah 41:18 and 43:19–20 use the same picture of rivers in dry land for God's new acts of rescue.
From the study of Psalm 107:35
- Range of meaning
Dryness, drought, parched land. Used as a noun ('dry land') and in phrases like 'land of dryness'.
- Against the English
'Dry land' and 'dry ground' are accurate. 'Parched' (ESV, NIV) gets the sense of land burnt by heat.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Psalm 63:1 ('a dry and weary land where there is no water'). Isaiah 35:1; 41:18; 53:2 ('a root out of dry ground'). Job 30:3.
Where it appears
Job · 2
Psalms · 4
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Psalm 63:1 צִיָּ֖ה dry
A Psalm of David, when he was in the Wilderness of Judah. O God, You are my God. Earnestly I seek You; my soul thirsts for You. My body yearns for You in a dry and weary land without water.
Here: 'Dryness'. Together with the previous word it means a land of drought, a parched desert country.
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Psalm 78:17 בַּצִּיָּֽה׃ in the dry region
But they continued to sin against Him, rebelling in the desert against the Most High.
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Psalm 105:41 בַּצִּיּ֥וֹת in the dry regions
He opened a rock, and water gushed out; it flowed like a river in the desert.
Here: 'In the dry places': the preposition 'in', the article 'the', and the plural of ṣiyyāh, 'drought, parched ground'. The plural suggests stretches of waterless country, the land of thirst, which is exactly where a river should not be.
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Psalm 107:35 צִ֝יָּ֗ה dry
He turns a desert into pools of water and a dry land into flowing springs.
Here: Ground baked dry, with no water source of its own. Psalm 63:1 uses it for 'a dry and weary land where there is no water'.
Isaiah · 3
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Isaiah 35:1 וְצִיָּ֑ה and [the] dry region
The wilderness and the dry land will be glad; the desert will rejoice and blossom like a rose.
Here: 'And the parched land': ground defined by its lack of water. It pairs with midbar to describe one landscape from two angles, uncultivated and waterless.
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Isaiah 41:18 צִיָּ֖ה dry
I will open rivers on the barren heights, and fountains in the middle of the valleys. I will turn the desert into a pool of water, and the dry land into flowing springs.
Here: Parched, arid ground. The same phrase is used in Ps 63:1: 'a dry and weary land where there is no water'.
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Isaiah 53:2 צִיָּ֔ה dry
He grew up before Him like a tender shoot, and like a root out of dry ground. He had no stately form or majesty to attract us, no beauty that we should desire Him.
Here: 'Of dryness', meaning parched, desert ground (compare Isa 35:1 and 41:18). Nothing healthy is expected to grow there, so the plant is stunted and unpromising.
Jeremiah · 3
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Jeremiah 2:6 צִיָּ֣ה dry
They did not ask, ‘Where is the LORD who brought us up from the land of Egypt, who led us through the wilderness, through a land of deserts and pits, a land of drought and darkness, a land where no one travels and no one lives?’
Here: Parched ground with no water at all, the thirst land of Deut 8:15 and Ps 63:1.
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Jeremiah 50:12 צִיָּ֥ה a desert
your mother will be greatly ashamed; she who bore you will be disgraced. Behold, she will be the least of the nations, a wilderness, a dry land, and a desert.
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Jeremiah 51:43 צִיָּ֣ה dry
Her cities have become a desolation, a dry and arid land, a land where no one lives, where no son of man passes through.
Ezekiel · 1
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Ezekiel 19:13 צִיָּ֥ה dry
Now it is planted in the wilderness, in a dry and thirsty land.
Hosea · 1
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Hosea 2:3 צִיָּ֔ה dry
Otherwise, I will strip her naked and expose her like the day of her birth. I will make her like a desert and turn her into a parched land, and I will let her die of thirst.
Here: "Of dryness": waterless, parched ground (Ps 63:1, "a dry and weary land"). It names the exact failure a farming people dreaded most: no rain.
Joel · 1
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Joel 2:20 צִיָּ֣ה dry
The northern army I will drive away from you, banishing it to a barren and desolate land, its front ranks into the Eastern Sea, and its rear guard into the Western Sea. And its stench will rise; its foul odor will ascend. For He has done great things.
Here: Waterless steppe or desert, which for Judah meant the wilderness to the south and southeast. It is a place where nothing can feed.
Zephaniah · 1
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Zephaniah 2:13 צִיָּ֖ה a dry region
And He will stretch out His hand against the north and destroy Assyria; He will make Nineveh a desolation, as dry as a desert.
Here: Waterless ground. It stands next to 'desolation' to describe it further, and it is ironic: Nineveh was famous for its river, canals, aqueduct and irrigated gardens.
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.