Hebrew word · H6731

צִיץ

tzitz

flower

Ṣîṣ is a blossom or flower (also the gold 'flower' plate on the high priest's turban, Exodus 28:36). Nābēl means to wither, droop, fade, or wear out, and is used of leaves, flowers, and exhausted people.

Appears 15 times in 15 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·

What it means

1) flower, bloom

1a) flower, bloom

1b) shining thing (of gold plate on high priest's mitre) (metaph.)

Also means: tsi.tsah (צִיצָה "flower" H6733)

Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of Isaiah 28:1

Range of meaning

Ṣîṣ is a blossom or flower (also the gold 'flower' plate on the high priest's turban, Exodus 28:36). Nābēl means to wither, droop, fade, or wear out, and is used of leaves, flowers, and exhausted people.

Against the English

'Fading flower' is accurate. The verb form is ongoing, so the sense is 'wilting even now', not 'will someday fade'.

Used elsewhere in the period

Isaiah 40:7–8 ('the grass withers, the flower fades') and Psalm 1:3 ('its leaf does not wither'). Hebrew nābēl (wither) sounds close to nēbel (wine-skin or jar) and nābāl (fool). Some interpreters hear a deliberate sound-play in a verse about drinkers, but the text does not make it explicit.

From the study of Isaiah 40:6

Range of meaning

Blossom or flower (Num 17:23 [17:8 Eng.], Aaron's rod; Job 14:2). It is also used for a flower-shaped ornament, such as the gold plate on the high priest's turban (Exod 28:36).

Against the English

“Flower” is accurate. NLT's paraphrase (“fades as quickly as the flowers”) brings in v.7's verb early.

Used elsewhere in the period

Job 14:2: man “comes up like a flower (ṣîṣ) and withers.” Psalm 103:15: “as a flower of the field (kəṣîṣ haśśādeh), so he flourishes.” That is the exact phrase used here. The Septuagint has “anthos.”

From the study of Numbers 17:8

Range of meaning

A blossom or flower (Isa 40:7-8, 'the flower fades'; Job 14:2). Also the gold 'flower' or plate on the front of the high priest's turban, engraved 'Holy to YHWH' (Exod 28:36; 39:30; Lev 8:9).

Against the English

'Blossom(s)' is accurate. English cannot carry the link to the high priest's gold plate that a Hebrew hearer could catch.

Used elsewhere in the period

Exod 28:36-38: the tsits of pure gold on Aaron's forehead, by which Aaron 'bears the guilt of the holy things'. Most commentators (e.g. Milgrom, JPS Numbers) note the verbal echo here.

Where it appears

Exodus · 2
  1. Exodus 28:36 צִּ֖יץ a plate of

    You are to make a plate of pure gold and engrave on it as on a seal: HOLY TO THE LORD.

  2. Exodus 39:30 צִ֥יץ [the] plate of

    They also made the plate of the holy crown of pure gold, and they engraved on it, like an inscription on a seal: HOLY TO THE LORD.

Leviticus · 1
  1. Leviticus 8:9 צִ֤יץ [the] plate of

    Moses also put the turban on Aaron’s head and set the gold plate, the holy diadem, on the front of the turban, as the LORD had commanded him.

Numbers · 1
  1. Numbers 17:8 צִ֔יץ blossom

    The next day Moses entered the Tent of the Testimony and saw that Aaron’s staff, representing the house of Levi, had sprouted, put forth buds, blossomed, and produced almonds.

    Here: 'Blossomed blossom', again a verb with its own noun. Tsits is also the name of the gold plate on the high priest's turban engraved 'Holy to YHWH' (Exod 28:36), which fits a sign about who is priest.

1 Kings · 4
  1. 1 Kings 6:18 צִצִּ֑ים flowers

    The cedar paneling inside the temple was carved with gourds and open flowers. Everything was cedar; not a stone could be seen.

    Here: Blossoms. Together with the previous word: 'open flowers', a stock motif in the temple's decoration.

  2. 1 Kings 6:29 צִצִּ֑ים flowers

    Then he carved the walls all around the temple, in both the inner and outer sanctuaries, with carved engravings of cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers.

    Here: 'Flowers.' The same word names the gold 'flower' plate on the high priest's turban (Exod 28:36), so it belongs to the vocabulary of sacred ornament.

  3. 1 Kings 6:32 צִצִּ֖ים flowers

    The double doors were made of olive wood, and he carved into them cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers and overlaid the cherubim and palm trees with hammered gold.

  4. 1 Kings 6:35 צִצִּ֑ים flowers

    He carved into them cherubim, palm trees, and open flowers, and he overlaid them with gold hammered evenly over the carvings.

Job · 1
  1. Job 14:2 כְּצִ֣יץ like a flower

    Like a flower, he comes forth, then withers away; like a fleeting shadow, he does not endure.

    Here: A wildflower or blossom, the kind that covers Levant hillsides after the winter rains and is gone within weeks. The prefix kə- ('like') sets up the first of two pictures for human life.

Psalms · 1
  1. Psalm 103:15 כְּצִ֥יץ like [the] flower of

    As for man, his days are like grass—he blooms like a flower of the field;

    Here: 'Like a blossom': the bloom itself, the brightest and most short-lived stage of a plant. The second half of the verse moves from ordinary green grass to the flower at its peak.

Isaiah · 4
  1. Isaiah 28:1 וְצִ֥יץ and a flower

    Woe to the majestic crown of Ephraim’s drunkards, to the fading flower of his glorious splendor, set on the summit above the fertile valley, the pride of those overcome by wine.

    Here: A blossom, the kind of flower woven into a festive wreath. It shifts the crown picture from metal to petals, something that cannot last.

  2. Isaiah 40:6 כְּצִ֥יץ [is] like [the] flower of

    A voice says, “Cry out!” And I asked, “What should I cry out?” “All flesh is like grass, and all its glory like the flowers of the field.

    Here: “Like the blossom of.” The word means a bloom or flower. Here the image is a wildflower that opens brightly and drops within days.

  3. Isaiah 40:7 צִ֔יץ a flower

    The grass withers and the flowers fall when the breath of the LORD blows on them; indeed, the people are grass.

  4. Isaiah 40:8 צִ֑יץ a flower

    The grass withers and the flowers fall, but the word of our God stands forever.”

    Here: The wildflower of the field, the brightest and briefest part of the plant. Verse 6 compares human ḥesed (loyalty, goodness, 'beauty' in some translations) to this flower: lovely, and gone quickly.

Jeremiah · 1
  1. Jeremiah 48:9 צִ֣יץ salt

    Put salt on Moab, for she will be laid waste; her cities will become desolate, with no one to dwell in them.

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.