ἀκροβυστία

Acts 11:3 ἀκροβυστίαν uncircumcision

and said, “You visited uncircumcised men and ate with them.”

Romans 2:25 ἀκροβυστία uncircumcision

Circumcision has value if you observe the law, but if you break the law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision.

Here: Literally 'foreskin'. Jews also used it as a label for non-Jews ('the uncircumcised'). Saying a circumcised man's circumcision 'has become foreskin' is deliberately jarring: in God's reckoning he now stands where the Gentiles stand.

Romans 2:26 ἀκροβυστία ἀκροβυστία uncircumcision

If a man who is not circumcised keeps the requirements of the law, will not his uncircumcision be regarded as circumcision?

Romans 2:27 ἀκροβυστία uncircumcision

The one who is physically uncircumcised yet keeps the law will condemn you who, even though you have the written code and circumcision, are a lawbreaker.

Romans 3:30 ἀκροβυστίαν [the] uncircumcision

since there is only one God, who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through that same faith.

Here: Literally 'foreskin'. It is a blunt Jewish term for Gentiles, naming them by what they lacked. Paul uses the insider label on purpose, and then puts 'the foreskin' under the same justifying God.

Romans 4:9 ἀκροβυστίαν; uncircumcision?

Is this blessing only on the circumcised, or also on the uncircumcised? We have been saying that Abraham’s faith was credited to him as righteousness.

Here: Literally 'foreskin'. Jews used it as a blunt label for Gentiles, the non-Jewish nations. Paul is asking whether people still 'in the foreskin' can receive David's blessing.

Romans 4:10 ἀκροβυστίᾳ; ἀκροβυστίᾳ· uncircumcision?, uncircumcision;

In what context was it credited? Was it after his circumcision, or before? It was not after, but before.

Romans 4:11 ἀκροβυστίᾳ· ἀκροβυστίας, uncircumcision;, uncircumcision,

And he received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. So then, he is the father of all who believe but are not circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them.

Here: Literally 'foreskin', used for the state of being uncircumcised. Abraham trusted and was counted righteous while he was, in Jewish terms, a 'foreskin man', in the same condition as a Gentile.

Romans 4:12 ἀκροβυστίᾳ uncircumcision

And he is also the father of the circumcised who not only are circumcised, but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.

Here: Literally 'foreskin', and by extension the condition (or people) of non-Jews. The trust that the circumcised must copy is a trust Abraham had while he was, in bodily terms, a Gentile.

1 Corinthians 7:18 ἀκροβυστίᾳ uncircumcision

Was a man already circumcised when he was called? He should not become uncircumcised. Was a man still uncircumcised when called? He should not be circumcised.

Here: Literally 'foreskin'. Here it means the condition of being uncircumcised, which in Jewish speech meant being a Gentile, a non-Jew.

1 Corinthians 7:19 ἀκροβυστία uncircumcision

Circumcision is nothing and uncircumcision is nothing. Keeping God’s commandments is what counts.

Here: Literally 'foreskin'. In Jewish speech it was shorthand for non-Jews, 'the uncircumcised'. Paul gives it exactly the same verdict as circumcision, so the gentile condition is not inferior either.

Galatians 2:7 ἀκροβυστίας uncircumcision

On the contrary, they saw that I had been entrusted to preach the gospel to the uncircumcised, just as Peter had been to the circumcised.

Here: Literally "foreskin." Here it stands for a whole people: non-Jews, the Gentiles, named from a Jewish point of view by the mark they lack. "The gospel of the foreskin" means the gospel for the uncircumcised nations, not a different gospel.

Galatians 5:6 ἀκροβυστία uncircumcision

For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision has any value. What matters is faith expressing itself through love.

Here: Literally 'foreskin'. By extension it means the state of being uncircumcised, and so 'Gentiles' as a group. Gentile status earns no credit either, so Gentiles have nothing to boast about.

Galatians 6:15 ἀκροβυστία uncircumcision

For neither circumcision nor uncircumcision means anything. What counts is a new creation.

Here: Literally "foreskin". It was a blunt Jewish label for the non-Jewish world. Paul puts the Gentile condition on the same zero footing as the Jewish one, so Gentile believers cannot boast in it either.

Ephesians 2:11 ἀκροβυστία [the] uncircumcision

Therefore remember that formerly you who are Gentiles in the flesh and called uncircumcised by the so-called circumcision (that done in the body by human hands)—

Here: Literally 'Foreskin', used as a collective nickname for Gentiles. In Jewish mouths it was a contemptuous label (compare 'this uncircumcised Philistine', 1 Sam 17:26).

Colossians 2:13 ἀκροβυστίᾳ uncircumcision

When you were dead in your trespasses and in the uncircumcision of your sinful nature, God made you alive with Christ. He forgave us all our trespasses,

Here: Literally the foreskin. Jews used it as shorthand for Gentile status, meaning outside the covenant God made with Abraham. Coming right after v.11's 'circumcision made without hands', it also carries the sense of a heart not yet 'circumcised' by God.

Colossians 3:11 ἀκροβυστία, uncircumcision,

Here there is no Greek or Jew, circumcised or uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, or free, but Christ is all and is in all.

Here: Literally 'foreskin', a blunt word Jews used for Gentiles as a class. The pair names the body-marker that sorted people into insiders and outsiders.