דַּמֶּ֫שֶׂק

Genesis 14:15 לְדַמָּֽשֶׂק׃ of Damascus

During the night, Abram divided his forces and routed Chedorlaomer’s army, pursuing them as far as Hobah, north of Damascus.

Genesis 15:2 דַּמֶּ֥שֶׂק [is] Damascus

But Abram replied, “O Lord GOD, what can You give me, since I remain childless, and the heir of my house is Eliezer of Damascus?”

Here: Damascus, the Aramean city north-east of Canaan. In the Hebrew it stands awkwardly before the name (“Damascus Eliezer”), and translators smooth it to “Eliezer of Damascus.” Its sound echoes mesheq.

2 Samuel 8:5 דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק Damascus

When the Arameans of Damascus came to help King Hadadezer of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand of their men.

Here: It marks which Aram is meant: 'Aram of Damascus', the Aramean polity centred on the Damascus oasis. Hadadezer's Aram-Zobah lay further north.

2 Samuel 8:6 דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק Damascus

Then he placed garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans became subject to David and brought him tribute. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went.

Here: Narrows 'Aram' to the kingdom based at Damascus, as distinct from Aram-Zobah under Hadadezer (vv. 3–5). Damascus had come to help Zobah and lost.

1 Kings 11:24 דַמֶּ֙שֶׂק֙ בְּדַמָּֽשֶׂק׃ Damascus, in Damascus

and had gathered men to himself. When David killed the Zobaites, Rezon captained a band of raiders and went to Damascus, where they settled and gained control.

1 Kings 15:18 בְּדַמֶּ֖שֶׂק in Damascus

So Asa withdrew all the silver and gold that remained in the treasuries of the house of the LORD and the royal palace. He entrusted it to his servants and sent them with this message to Ben-hadad son of Tabrimmon, the son of Hezion, the king of Aram, who was ruling in Damascus:

Here: "In Damascus." An old oasis city and trade hub, and capital of the kingdom Asa is courting.

1 Kings 19:15 דַמָּ֑שֶׂק Damascus

Then the LORD said to him, “Go back by the way you came, and go to the Desert of Damascus. When you arrive, you are to anoint Hazael as king over Aram.

1 Kings 20:34 בְדַמֶּ֙שֶׂק֙ in Damascus

Ben-hadad said to him, “I will restore the cities my father took from your father; you may set up your own marketplaces in Damascus, as my father did in Samaria.” “By this treaty I release you,” Ahab replied. So he made a treaty with him and sent him away.

2 Kings 5:12 דַּמֶּ֗שֶׂק Damascus

Are not the Abanah and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all the waters of Israel? Could I not have washed in them and been cleansed?” So he turned and went away in a rage.

2 Kings 8:7 דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק Damascus

Then Elisha came to Damascus while Ben-hadad king of Aram was sick, and the king was told, “The man of God has come here.”

2 Kings 8:9 דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק Damascus

So Hazael went to meet Elisha, taking with him a gift of forty camel loads of every good thing from Damascus. And he went in and stood before him and said, “Your son Ben-hadad king of Aram has sent me to ask, ‘Will I recover from this illness?’”

2 Kings 14:28 דַּמֶּ֧שֶׂק Damascus

As for the rest of the acts of Jeroboam, along with all his accomplishments and might, and how he waged war and recovered both Damascus and Hamath for Israel from Judah, are they not written in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel?

2 Kings 16:9 דַּמֶּ֙שֶׂק֙ Damascus

So the king of Assyria responded to him, marched up to Damascus, and captured it. He took its people to Kir as captives and put Rezin to death.

2 Kings 16:10 דּוּמֶּ֔שֶׂק בְּדַמָּ֑שֶׂק Damascus, [was] in Damascus

Then King Ahaz went to Damascus to meet Tiglath-pileser king of Assyria. On seeing the altar in Damascus, King Ahaz sent Uriah the priest a model of the altar and complete plans for its construction.

2 Kings 16:11 מִדַּמֶּ֗שֶׂק מִדַּמָּֽשֶׂק׃ from Damascus

And Uriah the priest built the altar according to all the instructions King Ahaz had sent from Damascus, and he completed it before King Ahaz returned.

2 Kings 16:12 מִדַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק from Damascus

When the king came back from Damascus and saw the altar, he approached it and presented offerings on it.

1 Chronicles 18:5 דַּרְמֶ֔שֶׂק Damascus

When the Arameans of Damascus came to help King Hadadezer of Zobah, David struck down twenty-two thousand of their men.

1 Chronicles 18:6 דַּרְמֶ֔שֶׂק Damascus

Then he placed garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans became subject to David and brought him tribute. So the LORD made David victorious wherever he went.

2 Chronicles 16:2 בְּדַרְמֶ֖שֶׂק in Damascus

So Asa withdrew the silver and gold from the treasuries of the house of the LORD and the royal palace, and he sent it with this message to Ben-hadad king of Aram, who was ruling in Damascus:

2 Chronicles 24:23 דַּרְמָֽשֶׂק׃ Damascus

In the spring, the army of Aram went to war against Joash. They entered Judah and Jerusalem and destroyed all the leaders of the people, and they sent all the plunder to their king in Damascus.

2 Chronicles 28:5 דַּרְמָ֑שֶׂק Damascus

So the LORD his God delivered Ahaz into the hand of the king of Aram, who attacked him and took many captives to Damascus. Ahaz was also delivered into the hand of the king of Israel, who struck him with great force.

2 Chronicles 28:23 דַרְמֶשֶׂק֮ Damascus

He sacrificed to the gods of Damascus, who had defeated him, and he said, “Because the gods of the kings of Aram have helped them, I will sacrifice to them that they may help me.” But these gods were the downfall of Ahaz and of all Israel.

Song of Songs 7:4 דַמָּֽשֶׂק׃ Damascus

Your neck is like a tower made of ivory; your eyes are like the pools of Heshbon by the gate of Bath-rabbim; your nose is like the tower of Lebanon, facing toward Damascus.

Isaiah 7:8 דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק דַּמֶּ֖שֶׂק Damascus

For the head of Aram is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin. Within sixty-five years Ephraim will be shattered as a people.

Isaiah 8:4 דַּמֶּ֗שֶׂק Damascus

For before the boy knows how to cry ‘Father’ or ‘Mother,’ the wealth of Damascus and the plunder of Samaria will be carried off by the king of Assyria.”

Isaiah 10:9 כְדַמֶּ֖שֶׂק like Damascus

“Is not Calno like Carchemish? Is not Hamath like Arpad? Is not Samaria like Damascus?

Here: Damascus was capital of the Aramean kingdom and Israel's partner against Judah in the war of Isaiah 7. It fell to Tiglath-pileser III in 732 BC.

Isaiah 17:1 דַּמָּ֑שֶׂק דַמֶּ֙שֶׂק֙ Damascus

This is the burden against Damascus: “Behold, Damascus is no longer a city; it has become a heap of ruins.

Here: The capital of the Aramean kingdom (Aram-Damascus, the 'Syria' of older English Bibles). It is joined to the heading as its subject: the oracle is about Damascus. It does not say 'against'.

Isaiah 17:3 מִדַּמֶּ֖שֶׂק from Damascus

The fortress will disappear from Ephraim, and the sovereignty from Damascus. The remnant of Aram will be like the splendor of the Israelites,” declares the LORD of Hosts.

Here: Damascus, the capital of the Aramean kingdom, whose king Rezin was then leading the alliance against Judah.

Jeremiah 49:23 לְדַמֶּ֗שֶׂק of Damascus

Concerning Damascus: “Hamath and Arpad are put to shame, for they have heard a bad report; they are agitated like the sea; their anxiety cannot be calmed.

Here: The heading of a new oracle. The prefix lᵉ- here means 'concerning, about', the same way the other oracles in this section open (46:2 'concerning Egypt', 48:1 'concerning Moab', 49:7 'concerning Edom'). Damascus was the leading city of the Aramean (Syrian) states.

Jeremiah 49:24 דַמֶּ֛שֶׂק Damascus

Damascus has become feeble; she has turned to flee. Panic has gripped her; anguish and pain have seized her like a woman in labor.

Jeremiah 49:27 דַּמָּ֑שֶׂק Damascus

“I will set fire to the walls of Damascus; it will consume the fortresses of Ben-hadad.”

Ezekiel 27:18 דַּמֶּ֧שֶׂק Damascus

Because of your many products and your great wealth of goods, Damascus traded with you wine from Helbon, wool from Zahar,

Ezekiel 47:16 דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק Damascus

Berothah, and Sibraim (which is on the border between Damascus and Hamath), as far as Hazer-hatticon, which is on the border of Hauran.

Ezekiel 47:17 דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק Damascus

So the border will run from the Sea to Hazar-enan, along the northern border of Damascus, with the territory of Hamath to the north. This will be the northern boundary.

Ezekiel 47:18 דַּמֶּשֶׂק֩ Damascus

On the east side the border will run between Hauran and Damascus, along the Jordan between Gilead and the land of Israel, to the Eastern Sea and as far as Tamar. This will be the eastern boundary.

Ezekiel 48:1 דַּמֶּ֤שֶׂק Damascus

“Now these are the names of the tribes: At the northern frontier, Dan will have one portion bordering the road of Hethlon to Lebo-hamath and running on to Hazar-enan on the border of Damascus with Hamath to the north, and extending from the east side to the west side.

Amos 1:3 דַמֶּ֔שֶׂק Damascus

This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Damascus, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they threshed Gilead with sledges of iron.

Here: The capital of Aram (Syria), used for the whole Aramean kingdom and its rulers. For decades it had been Israel's most dangerous neighbour.

Amos 1:5 דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק Damascus

I will break down the gates of Damascus; I will cut off the ruler from the Valley of Aven and the one who wields the scepter in Beth-eden. The people of Aram will be exiled to Kir,” says the LORD.

Here: The capital of the Aramean kingdom, Israel's powerful northern neighbour and long-time enemy. The city stands for the whole state.

Amos 5:27 לְדַמָּ֑שֶׂק <to> Damascus

Therefore I will send you into exile beyond Damascus,” says the LORD, whose name is the God of Hosts.

Here: Damascus was the capital of Aram (Syria), Israel's longtime northern enemy. 'Beyond Damascus' points past Aram to the Mesopotamian power behind it, which turned out to be Assyria. Amos never names Assyria.

Zechariah 9:1 וְדַמֶּ֖שֶׂק and Damascus

This is the burden of the word of the LORD against the land of Hadrach and Damascus its resting place—for the eyes of men and of all the tribes of Israel are upon the LORD—