כַּלָּה

Genesis 11:31 כַּלָּת֔וֹ daughter-in-law his

And Terah took his son Abram, his grandson Lot son of Haran, and his daughter-in-law Sarai the wife of Abram, and they set out from Ur of the Chaldeans for the land of Canaan. But when they arrived in Haran, they settled there.

Here: Kallāh means both 'bride' and 'daughter-in-law': a woman who has married into the father's house. Sarai is first defined by her place in Terah's household.

Genesis 38:11 כַּלָּת֜וֹ daughter-in-law his

Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, “Live as a widow in your father’s house until my son Shelah grows up.” For he thought, “He may die too, like his brothers.” So Tamar went to live in her father’s house.

Genesis 38:16 כַלָּת֖וֹ [was] daughter-in-law his

Not realizing that she was his daughter-in-law, he went over to her and said, “Come now, let me sleep with you.” “What will you give me for sleeping with you?” she inquired.

Genesis 38:24 כַּלָּתֶ֔ךָ daughter-in-law your

About three months later, Judah was told, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar has prostituted herself, and now she is pregnant.” “Bring her out!” Judah replied. “Let her be burned to death!”

Here: "Your kallah": a woman who married into the family, so the speakers make this Judah's problem. The word also means "bride," and it marks her as still belonging to Judah's household.

Leviticus 18:15 כַּלָּֽתְךָ֖ daughter-in-law your

You must not have sexual relations with your daughter-in-law. She is your son’s wife; you are not to have sexual relations with her.

Leviticus 20:12 כַּלָּת֔וֹ daughter-in-law his

If a man lies with his daughter-in-law, both must surely be put to death. They have acted perversely; their blood is upon them.

Ruth 1:6 וְכַלֹּתֶ֔יהָ and daughters-in-law her

When Naomi heard in Moab that the LORD had attended to His people by providing them with food, she and her daughters-in-law prepared to leave the land of Moab.

Here: "And her daughters-in-law." Orpah and Ruth are still described by how they belong to Naomi's household through their dead husbands. The same word also means "bride", which shows that they had married into her family.

Ruth 1:7 כַלֹּתֶ֖יהָ daughters-in-law her

Accompanied by her two daughters-in-law, she left the place where she had been living and set out on the road leading back to the land of Judah.

Ruth 1:8 כַלֹּתֶ֔יהָ daughters-in-law her

Then Naomi said to her two daughters-in-law, “Go back, each of you to your mother’s home. May the LORD show you loving devotion, as you have shown to your dead and to me.

Ruth 1:22 כַלָּתָהּ֙ daughter-in-law her

So Naomi returned from the land of Moab with her daughter-in-law Ruth the Moabitess. And they arrived in Bethlehem at the beginning of the barley harvest.

Ruth 2:20 לְכַלָּתָ֗הּ to daughter-in-law her

Then Naomi said to her daughter-in-law, “May he be blessed by the LORD, who has not withdrawn His kindness from the living or the dead.” Naomi continued, “The man is a close relative. He is one of our kinsman-redeemers.”

Here: Kallah means a daughter-in-law or bride, a woman married into the family. Calling Ruth this keeps in view that she belongs to the household of Naomi's dead son, which is exactly what the go'el talk concerns.

Ruth 2:22 כַּלָּתָ֑הּ daughter-in-law her

And Naomi said to her daughter-in-law Ruth, “My daughter, it is good for you to work with his young women, so that nothing will happen to you in another field.”

Ruth 4:15 כַלָּתֵ֤ךְ daughter-in-law your

He will renew your life and sustain you in your old age. For your daughter-in-law, who loves you and is better to you than seven sons, has given him birth.”

1 Samuel 4:19 וְכַלָּת֣וֹ and daughter-in-law his

Now Eli’s daughter-in-law, the wife of Phinehas, was pregnant and about to give birth. When she heard the news of the capture of God’s ark and the deaths of her father-in-law and her husband, she collapsed and gave birth, for her labor pains overtook her.

1 Chronicles 2:4 כַּלָּת֔וֹ daughter-in-law his

Tamar, Judah’s daughter-in-law, bore to him Perez and Zerah. Judah had five sons in all.

Song of Songs 4:8 כַּלָּ֔ה O bride

Come with me from Lebanon, my bride, come with me from Lebanon! Descend from the peak of Amana, from the summits of Senir and Hermon, from the dens of the lions, from the mountains of the leopards.

Here: The word is just 'bride'. Hebrew has no 'my' here, though English adds it. This is the first time the Song calls her 'bride', and the title runs through to 5:1. It is a word of honour and closeness for a woman being joined to his household.

Song of Songs 4:9 כַלָּ֑ה bride

You have captured my heart, my sister, my bride; you have stolen my heart with one glance of your eyes, with one jewel of your neck.

Here: Used as a form of address, and the Hebrew has no 'my': 'sister, bride', or 'sister-bride'. It names her as a bride, a woman at her wedding or newly married. In the Song this title belongs only to the section 4:8–5:1.

Song of Songs 4:10 כַלָּ֑ה bride

How delightful is your love, my sister, my bride! Your love is much better than wine, and the fragrance of your perfume than all spices.

Song of Songs 4:11 כַּלָּ֑ה O bride

Your lips, my bride, drip sweetness like the honeycomb; honey and milk are under your tongue, and the fragrance of your garments is like the aroma of Lebanon.

Here: A direct address: "bride." There is no "my" in the Hebrew, though English versions reasonably supply it, and the title marks a woman entering marriage.

Song of Songs 4:12 כַלָּ֑ה bride

My sister, my bride, you are a garden locked up, a spring enclosed, a fountain sealed.

Here: A young woman at her wedding, joined to a new household. Paired with "my sister" without an "and", so the two names make one title: "my sister-bride" (as YLT has it).

Song of Songs 5:1 כַלָּה֒ bride

I have come to my garden, my sister, my bride; I have gathered my myrrh with my spice. I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends, and drink; drink freely, O beloved.

Here: "Bride." Paired with "sister" as one double title ("my sister-bride"). In the Song this word occurs only in 4:8–5:1, and this is its last use. That gives the whole section a wedding atmosphere.

Isaiah 49:18 כַּכַּלָּֽה׃ like <the> bride

Lift up your eyes and look around. They all gather together; they come to you. As surely as I live,” declares the LORD, “you will wear them all as jewelry and put them on like a bride.

Here: 'Like the bride.' The picture is a woman adorned for her wedding, the most splendidly dressed a woman would ever be. It is the opposite of the bereaved widow-mother of 49:21.

Isaiah 61:10 וְכַכַּלָּ֖ה and like <the> bride

I will rejoice greatly in the LORD, my soul will exult in my God; for He has clothed me with garments of salvation and wrapped me in a robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom wears a priestly headdress, as a bride adorns herself with her jewels.

Here: 'And like the bride' — the second wedding figure; Zion is often pictured as a bride in these chapters (49:18; 62:5).

Isaiah 62:5 כַּלָּ֔ה a bride

For as a young man marries a young woman, so your sons will marry you; and as a bridegroom rejoices over his bride, so your God will rejoice over you.

Here: The woman being married. The word is also used for a woman marrying into a family, so it suggests a new place within a household.

Jeremiah 2:32 כַּלָּ֖ה a bride

Does a maiden forget her jewelry or a bride her wedding sash? Yet My people have forgotten Me for days without number.

Here: A bride at or around her wedding (the word can also mean daughter-in-law, but here it is clearly bride). It raises the image of a woman on the day she is most fully dressed and adorned.

Jeremiah 7:34 כַּלָּ֑ה a bride

I will remove from the cities of Judah and the streets of Jerusalem the sounds of joy and gladness and the voices of the bride and bridegroom, for the land will become a wasteland.”

Here: The bride. The same word means 'daughter-in-law' (as with Tamar and Judah, Genesis 38:11), because a bride was entering her husband's household. Her wedding was the start of the next generation of that family.

Jeremiah 16:9 כַּלָּֽה׃ a bride

For this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: I am going to remove from this place, before your very eyes and in your days, the sounds of joy and gladness, the voices of the bride and bridegroom.

Jeremiah 25:10 כַּלָּ֑ה a bride

Moreover, I will banish from them the sounds of joy and gladness, the voices of the bride and bridegroom, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the lamp.

Here: The bride, the young woman coming into a new household. Without weddings there are no new households, and so no future for the community.

Jeremiah 33:11 כַּלָּה֒ a bride

the sounds of joy and gladness, the voices of the bride and bridegroom, and the voices of those bringing thank offerings into the house of the LORD, saying: ‘Give thanks to the LORD of Hosts, for the LORD is good; His loving devotion endures forever.’ For I will restore the land from captivity as in former times, says the LORD.

Here: The bride. Weddings mean new households and children, so a future for the people. A depopulated land holds no weddings.

Ezekiel 22:11 כַּלָּת֖וֹ daughter-in-law his

One man commits an abomination with his neighbor’s wife; another wickedly defiles his daughter-in-law; and yet another violates his sister, his own father’s daughter.

Here: His son's wife. The same word means 'bride'. She was a young woman who had married into his household and lived under his authority and protection (Lev 18:15; 20:12).

Hosea 4:13 וְכַלּוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם and brides your

They sacrifice on the mountaintops and burn offerings on the hills, under oak, poplar, and terebinth, because their shade is pleasant. And so your daughters turn to prostitution and your daughters-in-law to adultery.

Here: The young women who have married into your household, your sons' wives. The word views a woman from the side of the family she has joined.

Hosea 4:14 כַּלּֽוֹתֵיכֶם֙ brides your

I will not punish your daughters when they prostitute themselves, nor your daughters-in-law when they commit adultery. For the men themselves go off with prostitutes and offer sacrifices with shrine prostitutes. So a people without understanding will come to ruin.

Joel 2:16 וְכַלָּ֖ה and [the] bride

Gather the people, sanctify the congregation, assemble the aged, gather the children, even those nursing at the breast. Let the bridegroom leave his room, and the bride her chamber.

Here: The bride, a woman newly brought into a household by marriage. Together with 'bridegroom' it stands for the height of human celebration, which now has to stop.

Micah 7:6 כַּלָּ֖ה a daughter-in-law

For a son dishonors his father, a daughter rises against her mother, and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law. A man’s enemies are the members of his own household.

Here: The young wife who has married into the family and lives in her husband's parents' household. The verb 'rises up against' carries over from the previous line, which Hebrew leaves unsaid.