נָשַׂג

Genesis 31:25 וַיַּשֵּׂ֥ג and he overtook

Now Jacob had pitched his tent in the hill country of Gilead when Laban overtook him, and Laban and his relatives camped there as well.

Genesis 44:4 וְהִשַּׂגְתָּם֙ and you will overtake them

They had not gone far from the city when Joseph told his steward, “Pursue the men at once, and when you overtake them, ask, ‘Why have you repaid good with evil?

Genesis 44:6 וַֽיַּשִּׂגֵ֑ם and he overtook them

When the steward overtook them, he relayed these words to them.

Genesis 47:9 הִשִּׂ֗יגוּ they have reached

“My travels have lasted 130 years,” Jacob replied. “My years have been few and hard, and they have not matched the years of the travels of my fathers.”

Here: 'They have not overtaken.' The verb is used of a pursuer catching up with someone. His days are pictured as runners that never caught up with his fathers' days.

Exodus 14:9 וַיַּשִּׂ֤יגוּ and they overtook

The Egyptians—all Pharaoh’s horses and chariots, horsemen and troops—pursued the Israelites and overtook them as they camped by the sea near Pi-hahiroth, opposite Baal-zephon.

Exodus 15:9 אַשִּׂ֖יג I will overtake

The enemy declared, ‘I will pursue, I will overtake. I will divide the spoils; I will gorge myself on them. I will draw my sword; my hand will destroy them.’

Here: 'I will overtake / catch up with.' It echoes 14:9, 'they overtook them camped by the sea.' The enemy expects the chase to end in capture.

Leviticus 5:11 תַשִּׂ֨יג it will reach

But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two young pigeons, he may bring a tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a sin offering. He must not put olive oil or frankincense on it, because it is a sin offering.

Leviticus 14:21 מַשֶּׂגֶת֒ [is] reaching

If, however, the person is poor and cannot afford these offerings, he is to take one male lamb as a guilt offering to be waved to make atonement for him, along with a tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with olive oil for a grain offering, a log of olive oil,

Leviticus 14:22 תַּשִּׂ֖יג it will reach

and two turtledoves or two young pigeons, whichever he can afford, one to be a sin offering and the other a burnt offering.

Here: Literally 'will reach'. The verb's subject is 'his hand': the offering is measured by what his hand can reach, meaning what he can afford. It picks up the same idiom from v. 21, 'his hand does not reach'.

Leviticus 14:30 תַּשִּׂ֖יג it will reach

Then he must sacrifice the turtledoves or young pigeons, whichever he can afford,

Leviticus 14:31 תַּשִּׂ֞יג it will reach

one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering, together with the grain offering. In this way the priest will make atonement before the LORD for the one to be cleansed.

Here: Literally "(his hand) reaches." It pictures someone stretching to get hold of something. Here it is the Torah's set idiom for what a person can afford.

Leviticus 14:32 תַשִּׂ֥יג it will reach

This is the law for someone who has a skin disease and cannot afford the cost of his cleansing.”

Leviticus 25:26 וְהִשִּׂ֣יגָה and it will reach

Or if a man has no one to redeem it for him, but he prospers and acquires enough to redeem his land,

Leviticus 25:47 תַשִּׂ֗יג it will reach

If a foreigner residing among you prospers, but your countryman dwelling near him becomes destitute and sells himself to the foreigner or to a member of his clan,

Leviticus 25:49 הִשִּׂ֥יגָה it has reached

either his uncle or cousin or any close relative from his clan may redeem him. Or if he prospers, he may redeem himself.

Leviticus 26:5 וְהִשִּׂ֨יג יַשִּׂ֣יג and it will reach, it will reach

Your threshing will continue until the grape harvest, and the grape harvest will continue until sowing time; you will have your fill of food to eat and will dwell securely in your land.

Here: Causative-stem form of a verb meaning to catch up with or reach something moving ahead of you. With the 'and' prefix it continues the promises of v. 4 as a future: 'and it will catch up'. The threshing season runs on so long that it runs into the next season.

Leviticus 27:8 תַּשִּׂיג֙ it will reach

But if the one making the vow is too poor to pay the valuation, he is to present the person before the priest, who shall set the value according to what the one making the vow can afford.

Here: 'Can reach.' Together with 'hand' it forms the idiom for what someone can afford. The verb is feminine because 'hand' is feminine in Hebrew.

Numbers 6:21 תַּשִּׂ֣יג it will reach

This is the law of the Nazirite who vows his offering to the LORD for his separation, in addition to whatever else he can afford; he must fulfill whatever vow he makes, according to the law of his separation.”

Deuteronomy 19:6 וְהִשִּׂיג֛וֹ and he will overtake him

Otherwise, the avenger of blood might pursue the manslayer in a rage, overtake him if the distance is great, and strike him dead though he did not deserve to die, since he did not intend any harm.

Deuteronomy 28:2 וְהִשִּׂיגֻ֑ךָ and they will overtake you

And all these blessings will come upon you and overtake you, if you will obey the voice of the LORD your God:

Here: "And they will catch up with you." This is the verb for a pursuer reaching the one being chased. The blessings are pictured as running after Israel until they lay hold of it. The curses get the same picture in 28:15 and 28:45.

Deuteronomy 28:15 וְהִשִּׂיגֽוּךָ׃ and they will overtake you

If, however, you do not obey the LORD your God by carefully following all His commandments and statutes I am giving you today, all these curses will come upon you and overtake you:

Here: 'And they will overtake you.' This is the language of a pursuer catching up with someone who is running away. Israel will not be able to outrun them.

Deuteronomy 28:45 וְהִשִּׂיג֔וּךָ and they will overtake you

All these curses will come upon you. They will pursue you and overtake you until you are destroyed, since you did not obey the LORD your God and keep the commandments and statutes He gave you.

Joshua 2:5 תַשִּׂיגֽוּם׃ you will overtake them

At dusk, when the gate was about to close, the men went out, and I do not know which way they went. Pursue them quickly, and you may catch them!”

1 Samuel 14:26 מַשִּׂ֤יג [was one who] reached

And when they entered the forest and saw the flowing honey, not one of them put his hand to his mouth, because they feared the oath.

1 Samuel 30:8 הַֽאַשִּׂגֶ֑נּוּ הַשֵּׂ֥ג תַּשִּׂ֖יג ¿ will I overtake it, certainly <to overtake>, you will overtake [it]

and David inquired of the LORD: “Should I pursue these raiders? Will I overtake them?” “Pursue them,” the LORD replied, “for you will surely overtake them and rescue the captives.”

Here: The prefix ha- marks a yes-or-no question: "Will I catch up with it?" The worry is real, because the raiders have a head start and some of David's men are exhausted (30:10).

2 Samuel 15:14 וְהִשִּׂגָ֙נוּ֙ and he will overtake us

And David said to all the servants with him in Jerusalem, “Arise and let us flee, or we will not escape from Absalom! We must leave quickly, or he will soon overtake us, heap disaster on us, and put the city to the sword.”

2 Kings 25:5 וַיַּשִּׂ֥גוּ and they overtook

but the army of the Chaldeans pursued the king and overtook him in the plains of Jericho, and his whole army deserted him.

1 Chronicles 21:12 לְמַשֶּׂגֶת֒ to overtaking [you]

between three years of famine, three months of being swept away before your enemies and overtaken by their swords, or three days of the sword of the LORD—days of plague upon the land, with the angel of the LORD ravaging every part of Israel.’ Now then, decide how I should reply to Him who sent me.”

Here: 'Overtaking'. The form is feminine because 'sword' is feminine in Hebrew, so the sword itself is pictured as running the fugitive down. The grammar is unusual ('for overtaking'), but the meaning is clear: there is no escape.

Job 24:2 יַשִּׂ֑יגוּ people reach

Men move boundary stones; they pasture stolen flocks.

Job 27:20 תַּשִּׂיגֵ֣הוּ it overtakes him

Terrors overtake him like a flood; a tempest sweeps him away in the night.

Job 41:26 מַשִּׂיגֵ֣הוּ [one who] reaches it

The sword that reaches him has no effect, nor does the spear or dart or arrow.

Psalm 7:5 וְיַשֵּׂ֗ג and may he overtake [it]

then may my enemy pursue me and overtake me; may he trample me to the ground and leave my honor in the dust. Selah

Psalm 18:37 וְאַשִּׂיגֵ֑ם and I overtook them

I pursued my enemies and overtook them; I did not turn back until they were consumed.

Psalm 40:12 הִשִּׂיג֣וּנִי they have overtaken me

For evils without number surround me; my sins have overtaken me, so that I cannot see. They are more than the hairs of my head, and my heart has failed within me.

Here: "They have caught up with me." Language of a chase. A pursuer reaches the one running away, and the covenant curses "overtake" the disobedient in Deut 28:15, 45. His own iniquities are pictured as hunters that have run him down.

Psalm 69:24 יַשִּׂיגֵֽם׃ may it overtake them

Pour out Your wrath upon them, and let Your burning anger overtake them.

Proverbs 2:19 יַ֝שִּׂ֗יגוּ they reach

None who go to her return or negotiate the paths of life.

Here: "They will not reach, catch up to, get hold of." The verb is used for pursuers overtaking someone (Gen 44:4). Here it pictures someone who has left the road and can never catch up with it again.

Isaiah 35:10 יַשִּׂ֔יגוּ they will overtake [them]

So the redeemed of the LORD will return and enter Zion with singing, crowned with everlasting joy. Gladness and joy will overtake them, and sorrow and sighing will flee.

Here: A verb of pursuit: to catch up with, overtake. Read with 'joy and gladness' as subject, joy runs after the returning exiles and catches them. Read with the exiles as subject, they 'reach' or 'attain' joy. The chase picture in the next clause favours the first.

Isaiah 51:11 יַשִּׂיג֔וּן they will overtake [them] !

So the redeemed of the LORD will return and enter Zion with singing, crowned with everlasting joy. Gladness and joy will overtake them, and sorrow and sighing will flee.

Here: 'Reach, catch up with', the word for pursuers catching the people they are chasing. Joy and gladness are pictured as chasing the returnees down. The emphatic -un ending appears again.

Isaiah 59:9 תַשִּׂיגֵ֖נוּ it reaches us

Therefore justice is far from us, and righteousness does not reach us. We hope for light, but there is darkness; for brightness, but we walk in gloom.

Jeremiah 39:5 וַיַּשִּׂ֣גוּ and they overtook

But the army of the Chaldeans pursued them and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho. They seized him and brought him up to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon at Riblah in the land of Hamath, where he pronounced judgment on him.

Here: 'And they caught up with.' The escape is over, and the narrative zooms in from the whole group to one man, Zedekiah.

Jeremiah 42:16 תַּשִּׂ֥יג it will overtake

then the sword you fear will overtake you there, and the famine you dread will follow on your heels into Egypt, and you will die there.

Jeremiah 52:8 וַיַּשִּׂ֥יגוּ and they overtook

but the army of the Chaldeans pursued the king and overtook Zedekiah in the plains of Jericho, and his whole army deserted him.

Here: 'And they overtook.' The chase ends and they catch him. 'Pursue … overtake' is a fixed pair in Hebrew for a hunt that succeeds.

Lamentations 1:3 הִשִּׂיג֖וּהָ they have overtaken her

Judah has gone into exile under affliction and harsh slavery; she dwells among the nations but finds no place to rest. All her pursuers have overtaken her in the midst of her distress.

Ezekiel 46:7 תַּשִּׂ֖יג it will reach

He is to provide a grain offering of an ephah with the bull, an ephah with the ram, and as much as he is able with the lambs, along with a hin of oil per ephah.

Hosea 2:7 תַשִּׂ֣יג she will overtake

She will pursue her lovers but not catch them; she will seek them but not find them. Then she will say, ‘I will return to my first husband, for then I was better off than now.’

Here: The verb that naturally goes with 'pursue' (as in Exod 15:9, 'I will pursue, I will overtake'). However hard she runs, she never reaches them.

Hosea 10:9 תַשִּׂיגֵ֧ם will it overtake? them

Since the days of Gibeah you have sinned, O Israel, and there you have remained. Did not the battle in Gibeah overtake the sons of iniquity?

Zechariah 1:6 הִשִּׂ֖יגוּ did they overtake

But did not My words and My statutes, which I commanded My servants the prophets, overtake your fathers? They repented and said, ‘Just as the LORD of Hosts purposed to do to us according to our ways and deeds, so He has done to us.’”

Here: 'Did they not overtake…?' The picture is of a pursuer running down someone who is fleeing. It echoes Deuteronomy 28, where the covenant curses 'come upon you and overtake you'.