גָּנַב

Genesis 30:33 גָּנ֥וּב [is] stolen

So my honesty will testify for me when you come to check on my wages in the future. If I have any goats that are not speckled or spotted, or any lambs that are not dark-colored, they will be considered stolen.”

Genesis 31:19 וַתִּגְנֹ֣ב and she stole

Now while Laban was out shearing his sheep, Rachel stole her father’s household idols.

Here: This is the main storyline verb: while Laban is away, Rachel steals. Ganav means taking something secretly. The next verse uses the same verb for Jacob, which makes the two acts a matching pair of thefts.

Genesis 31:20 וַיִּגְנֹ֣ב and he stole

Moreover, Jacob deceived Laban the Aramean by not telling him that he was running away.

Genesis 31:26 וַתִּגְנֹ֖ב and you have stolen

Then Laban said to Jacob, “What have you done? You have deceived me and carried off my daughters like captives of war!

Genesis 31:27 וַתִּגְנֹ֖ב and did you steal?

Why did you run away secretly and deceive me, without even telling me? I would have sent you away with joy and singing, with tambourines and harps.

Genesis 31:30 גָנַ֖בְתָּ did you steal

Now you have gone off because you long for your father’s house. But why have you stolen my gods?”

Here: To take by stealth. This is the first thing in Laban's speech that amounts to a real, nameable offence, and it echoes a run of stealing language throughout the chapter (vv. 19, 20, 26, 27, 32).

Genesis 31:32 גְּנָבָֽתַם׃ she had stolen them

If you find your gods with anyone here, he shall not live! In the presence of our relatives, see for yourself if anything is yours, and take it back.” For Jacob did not know that Rachel had stolen the idols.

Genesis 31:39 גְּנֻֽבְתִ֣י וּגְנֻֽבְתִ֖י [one] stolen of, and [one] stolen of

I did not bring you anything torn by wild beasts; I bore the loss myself. And you demanded payment from me for what was stolen by day or night.

Genesis 40:15 גֻנֹּ֣ב גֻּנַּ֔בְתִּי certainly <to be stolen>, I was stolen

For I was kidnapped from the land of the Hebrews, and even here I have done nothing for which they should have put me in this dungeon.”

Genesis 44:8 נִגְנֹב֙ will we steal

We even brought back to you from the land of Canaan the silver we found in the mouths of our sacks. Why would we steal silver or gold from your master’s house?

Exodus 20:15 תִּֿגְנֹֽ֔ב׃ ס you must steal

You shall not steal.

Here: Second person masculine singular, 'you (one person) will steal', in the imperfect, the form used for unfinished or future action. With lō' it means 'you will never steal.' The verb's core picture is secret taking: carrying something off without the owner knowing. It has no object here, so it covers anything that can be stolen. Elsewhere in the Torah that includes a human being (Exod 21:16). The singular 'you' speaks to each Israelite personally, not only to the nation as a group.

Exodus 21:16 וְגֹנֵ֨ב and [one who] will steal

Whoever kidnaps another man must be put to death, whether he sells him or the man is found in his possession.

Exodus 22:1 יִגְנֹֽב־ he will steal

“If a man steals an ox or a sheep and slaughters or sells it, he must repay five oxen for an ox and four sheep for a sheep.

Here: To take what belongs to someone else, typically by stealth and out of the owner's sight. It is the same verb as the commandment 'you shall not steal' (Exodus 20:15).

Exodus 22:7 וְגֻנַּ֖ב and it will be stolen

If a man gives his neighbor money or goods for safekeeping and they are stolen from the neighbor’s house, the thief, if caught, must pay back double.

Exodus 22:12 גָּנֹ֥ב יִגָּנֵ֖ב certainly <to steal>, it will be stolen

But if the animal was actually stolen from the neighbor, he must make restitution to the owner.

Here: A bare verb form placed before the main verb to add emphasis: 'if it really was stolen.' It marks theft off clearly from the cases on either side, where an animal dies, is injured or is driven off (v. 10) or is mauled by a wild animal (v. 13).

Leviticus 19:11 תִּגְנֹ֑בוּ you will steal

You must not steal. You must not lie or deceive one another.

Here: To take secretly what belongs to someone else. The verb is plural: the whole community is addressed together. Coming right after the gleaning laws of vv. 9–10, it widens the subject from what you must leave for others to what you must not take from them.

Deuteronomy 5:19 תִּֿגְנֹֽ֔ב׃ ס you must steal

You shall not steal.

Here: The verb is 'you' singular, so it addresses each Israelite personally. Gānaḇ is taking something by stealth: carrying off what belongs to another without their knowledge. It is used of goods and livestock, and also of people (kidnapping). No object is given, so the ban as it stands is open-ended.

Deuteronomy 24:7 גֹּנֵ֨ב stealing

If a man is caught kidnapping one of his Israelite brothers, whether he treats him as a slave or sells him, the kidnapper must die. So you must purge the evil from among you.

Joshua 7:11 גָּֽנְבוּ֙ they have stolen

Israel has sinned; they have transgressed My covenant that I commanded them, and they have taken some of what was devoted to destruction. Indeed, they have stolen and lied, and they have put these things with their own possessions.

Here: 'They have stolen': the word used in the commandment 'You shall not steal'. The taking is called theft, and the one robbed is God.

2 Samuel 15:6 וַיְגַנֵּב֙ and he stole

Absalom did this to all the Israelites who came to the king for justice. In this way he stole the hearts of the men of Israel.

2 Samuel 19:3 וַיִּתְגַּנֵּ֥ב יִתְגַּנֵּ֗ב and it acted stealthily, it acts stealthily

So they returned to the city quietly that day, as people steal away in humiliation after fleeing a battle.

2 Samuel 19:41 גְּנָב֨וּךָ did they steal you

Soon all the men of Israel came to the king and asked, “Why did our brothers, the men of Judah, take you away secretly and bring the king and his household across the Jordan, together with all of David’s men?”

2 Samuel 21:12 גָּנְב֨וּ they had stolen

he went and took the bones of Saul and his son Jonathan from the men of Jabesh-gilead, who had stolen them from the public square of Beth-shan where the Philistines had hung the bodies after they had struck down Saul at Gilboa.

2 Kings 11:2 וַתִּגְנֹ֤ב and she stole

But Jehosheba daughter of King Joram, the sister of Ahaziah, took Joash son of Ahaziah and stole him away from among the sons of the king who were being murdered. She put him and his nurse in a bedroom to hide him from Athaliah, and he was not killed.

2 Chronicles 22:11 וַתִּגְנֹ֤ב and she stole

But Jehoshabeath daughter of King Jehoram took Joash son of Ahaziah and stole him away from among the sons of the king who were being murdered, and she put him and his nurse in a bedroom. Because Jehoshabeath, the daughter of King Jehoram and the wife of Jehoiada the priest, was Ahaziah’s sister, she hid Joash from Athaliah so that she could not kill him.

Job 4:12 יְגֻנָּ֑ב it was brought secretly

Now a word came to me secretly; my ears caught a whisper of it.

Job 21:18 גְּנָבַ֥תּוּ [which] it has stolen it

Are they like straw before the wind, like chaff swept away by a storm?

Here: "[Which] has stolen it away." The storm is pictured as a thief that snatches the chaff suddenly and without warning, so that it is gone before anyone notices.

Job 27:20 גְּנָבַ֥תּוּ it steals away him

Terrors overtake him like a flood; a tempest sweeps him away in the night.

Proverbs 6:30 יִגְנ֑וֹב he will steal

Men do not despise the thief if he steals to satisfy his hunger.

Proverbs 9:17 גְּנוּבִ֥ים stolen

“Stolen water is sweet, and bread eaten in secret is tasty!”

Proverbs 30:9 וְגָנַ֑בְתִּי and I will steal

Otherwise, I may have too much and deny You, saying, ‘Who is the LORD?’ Or I may become poor and steal, profaning the name of my God.

Here: 'And then I would steal'. This is plain theft, the breaking of the eighth commandment, here driven by need.

Jeremiah 7:9 הֲגָנֹ֤ב׀ ¿ will you steal

Will you steal and murder, commit adultery and perjury, burn incense to Baal, and follow other gods that you have not known,

Here: The prefixed ha- makes the whole list a question, and gānōv is a bare verb-noun: 'Stealing?' It sets up an incredulous charge sheet, and 'stealing' is picked up two verses later when God calls the temple a den of robbers (7:11).

Jeremiah 23:30 מְגַנְּבֵ֣י [who] steal

“Therefore behold,” declares the LORD, “I am against the prophets who steal from one another words they attribute to Me.”

Hosea 4:2 וְגָנֹ֖ב and stealing

Cursing and lying, murder and stealing, and adultery are rampant; one act of bloodshed follows another.

Here: 'And stealing.' The verb of 'You shall not steal'. It covers taking property secretly, and elsewhere it is also used for kidnapping a person (Exod 21:16).

Obadiah 1:5 יִגְנְב֖וּ will they steal

“If thieves came to you, if robbers by night—oh, how you will be ruined—would they not steal only what they wanted? If grape gatherers came to you, would they not leave some gleanings?

Here: 'They would steal,' the verb matching the noun 'thieves.' Even thieves have a limit.

Zechariah 5:3 הַגֹּנֵ֗ב <the> [one who] steals

Then he told me, “This is the curse that is going out over the face of all the land, for according to one side of the scroll, every thief will be removed; and according to the other side, every perjurer will be removed.

Here: 'The one who steals', the person who habitually takes what belongs to someone else. The wording echoes the commandment 'You shall not steal' (Exod 20:15).