Hebrew word · H2513
חֶלְקָה
chelkah
portion
A plot or parcel of land, especially a field that belongs to a particular person or family by allotment or inheritance (2 Samuel 14:30, Joab's field of barley; Ruth 2:3, Boaz's portion of the field). It is related to ḥeleq, 'share, portion', the word for each tribe's allotted share of the land.
Appears 29 times in 25 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·
What it means
1) portion, parcel
1a) of ground
Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
In depth
From the study of Jeremiah 12:10
- Range of meaning
A plot or parcel of land, especially a field that belongs to a particular person or family by allotment or inheritance (2 Samuel 14:30, Joab's field of barley; Ruth 2:3, Boaz's portion of the field). It is related to ḥeleq, 'share, portion', the word for each tribe's allotted share of the land.
- Against the English
KJV/WEB/YLT 'portion' keeps the idea of allotment. BSB/NASB 'plot of ground / field' keeps the farming picture. Neither alone gives both: it is a field and it is mine by allotment.
- Used elsewhere in the period
The idea that God has a 'portion' among the nations is old: 'YHWH's portion (ḥeleq) is his people, Jacob his allotted inheritance' (Deuteronomy 32:9). Jeremiah 10:16 calls Israel 'the tribe of his inheritance'. In the next verse back (12:7–9) God speaks of 'my house', 'my inheritance' and 'the beloved of my soul'.
- Range of meaning
From the root ch-l-q, 'to be smooth, slippery'. Smoothness, smooth things; of speech: flattery, slick or ingratiating talk, words that slide easily and deceive. Related forms describe slippery ground (Psalm 73:18) and smooth skin (Genesis 27:11, Jacob 'a smooth man').
- Against the English
Most versions say 'flattering lips' (KJV, BSB, WEB, ESV, NASB; NIV 'flatter'). This is a fair rendering, but 'flattery' to modern ears mainly means over-the-top compliments. The Hebrew picture is slipperiness: speech that goes down easily and gives the hearer nothing to grip.
- How it drifted
Not a drift so much as a narrowing. English 'flattery' focuses on praise, while the Hebrew image is texture: smooth, oily, slippery.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Proverbs 5:3, the forbidden woman's mouth is 'smoother (chalaq) than oil'. Psalm 55:21 (English), 'his speech was smoother than butter, yet war was in his heart', the same split between smooth outside and hostile inside. Isaiah 30:10, people demand that prophets 'speak to us smooth things (chalaqot)'. Daniel 11:21, 32, 34 uses chalaqlaqot for intrigues and flatteries. LXX renders it cheilē dolia, 'deceitful lips', reading it for deceit rather than praise.
- Range of meaning
A portion or plot of land, a piece of a field. It comes from the root ḥ-l-q, 'to divide, apportion', the same root as ḥēleq, 'share, allotment, inheritance'.
- Against the English
'Field' (BSB, WEB, NIV) and 'piece' (KJV) are both fine. They lose the faint sense of an apportioned plot, a family's own share of land.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Gen 33:19, the plot (ḥelqat haśśādeh) Jacob bought at Shechem; Ruth 2:3, 'the portion of the field belonging to Boaz'; 2 Sam 23:11–12, a plot full of lentils defended by one of David's warriors; 2 Kgs 9:21, 25, Naboth's plot at Jezreel.
Similar words
Where it appears
Genesis · 2
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Genesis 27:16 חֶלְקַ֥ת [the] smooth part of
She also put the skins of the young goats on his hands and on the smooth part of his neck.
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Genesis 33:19 חֶלְקַ֣ת [the] portion of
And the plot of ground where he pitched his tent, he purchased from the sons of Hamor, Shechem’s father, for a hundred pieces of silver.
Deuteronomy · 1
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Deuteronomy 33:21 חֶלְקַ֥ת [the] portion of
He chose the best land for himself, because a ruler’s portion was reserved for him there. He came with the leaders of the people; he administered the LORD’s justice and His ordinances for Israel.”
Joshua · 1
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Joshua 24:32 בְּחֶלְקַ֣ת in [the] portion of
And the bones of Joseph, which the Israelites had brought up out of Egypt, were buried at Shechem in the plot of land that Jacob had purchased from the sons of Hamor, Shechem’s father, for a hundred pieces of silver. So it became an inheritance for Joseph’s descendants.
Here: 'In the plot of.' The word means a marked-off share of land. It comes from the same root as the 'allotting' of the land that fills Joshua 13–21.
Ruth · 2
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Ruth 2:3 חֶלְקַ֤ת [the] portion of
So Ruth departed and went out into the field and gleaned after the harvesters. And she happened to come to the part of the field belonging to Boaz, who was from the clan of Elimelech.
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Ruth 4:3 חֶלְקַת֙ [the] portion of
And he said to the kinsman-redeemer, “Naomi, who has returned from the land of Moab, is selling the piece of land that belonged to our brother Elimelech.
Here: An allotted share of land, a strip or plot within the town's farmland. Boaz puts these words first in the sentence: before he mentions Naomi or any sale, he names the land.
2 Samuel · 5
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2 Samuel 14:30 חֶלְקַ֨ת הַחֶלְקָ֖ה [the] portion of land of, the portion of land
Then Absalom said to his servants, “Look, Joab’s field is next to mine, and he has barley there. Go and set it on fire!” And Absalom’s servants set the field on fire.
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2 Samuel 14:31 הַחֶלְקָ֥ה the portion of land
Then Joab came to Absalom’s house and demanded, “Why did your servants set my field on fire?”
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2 Samuel 23:11 חֶלְקַ֤ת [the] portion of
And after him was Shammah son of Agee the Hararite. When the Philistines had banded together near a field full of lentils, Israel’s troops fled from them.
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2 Samuel 23:12 הַֽחֶלְקָה֙ the portion
But Shammah took his stand in the middle of the field, defended it, and struck down the Philistines. So the LORD brought about a great victory.
2 Kings · 6
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2 Kings 3:19 הַחֶלְקָ֣ה <the> portion of land
And you shall attack every fortified city and every city of importance. You shall cut down every good tree, stop up every spring, and ruin every good field with stones.”
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2 Kings 3:25 חֶלְקָ֣ה portion of land
They destroyed the cities, and each man threw stones on every good field until it was covered. They stopped up every spring and cut down every good tree. Only Kir-haraseth was left with stones in place, but men with slings surrounded it and attacked it as well.
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2 Kings 9:21 בְּחֶלְקַ֖ת in [the] portion of land of
“Harness!” Joram shouted, and they harnessed his chariot. Then Joram king of Israel and Ahaziah king of Judah set out, each in his own chariot, and met Jehu on the property of Naboth the Jezreelite.
Here: A plot of ground, especially a family's allotted share of land. This is Naboth's ancestral holding, which Ahab and Jezebel took after Naboth was judicially murdered (1 Kings 21).
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2 Kings 9:25 בְּחֶלְקַ֕ת in [the] portion of
And Jehu said to Bidkar his officer, “Pick him up and throw him into the field of Naboth the Jezreelite. For remember that when you and I were riding together behind his father Ahab, the LORD lifted up this burden against him:
Here: A share or allotted piece of land. The word belongs to the language of family land handed down from the ancestors, which is exactly what Naboth refused to sell (1 Kings 21:3).
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2 Kings 9:26 בַּחֶלְקָ֥ה בַּחֶלְקָ֖ה on the portion of land
‘As surely as I saw the blood of Naboth and the blood of his sons yesterday, declares the LORD, so will I repay you on this plot of ground, declares the LORD.’ Now then, according to the word of the LORD, pick him up and throw him on the plot of ground.”
1 Chronicles · 2
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1 Chronicles 11:13 חֶלְקַ֥ת [the] portion of
He was with David at Pas-dammim when the Philistines gathered there for battle. At a place with a field full of barley, the troops fled from the Philistines.
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1 Chronicles 11:14 הַחֶלְקָה֙ the portion
But Eleazar and David stationed themselves in the middle of the field and defended it. They struck down the Philistines, and the LORD brought about a great victory.
Job · 1
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Job 24:18 חֶלְקָתָ֣ם portion their
They are but foam on the surface of the water; their portion of the land is cursed, so that no one turns toward their vineyards.
Psalms · 3
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Psalm 12:2 חֲלָק֑וֹת flatteri<es>
They lie to one another; they speak with flattering lips and a double heart.
Here: 'Smooth things': speech that is slippery and pleasant, sliding past scrutiny. Flattery is part of it, but the picture is wider: polished, agreeable talk that hides what is really meant.
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Psalm 12:3 חֲלָק֑וֹת flatteri<es>
May the LORD cut off all flattering lips and every boastful tongue.
Here: Literally "smooth things." It means slick, slippery talk that makes a lie or a trap go down easily: fawning praise, but also charm, false reassurance and pleasant deceit. It picks up the "smooth lip" of verse 2, which goes with a "double heart."
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Psalm 73:18 בַּ֭חֲלָקוֹת on slippery [places]
Surely You set them on slick ground; You cast them down into ruin.
Here: 'On smooth places' is ground with no grip, where a foot cannot hold. It echoes v.2, where the psalmist's own feet 'almost slipped'. It turns out the wicked are the ones standing on slick ground. The plural paints a whole stretch of treacherous footing.
Proverbs · 1
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Proverbs 6:24 מֵֽ֝חֶלְקַ֗ת from smoothness of
to keep you from the evil woman, from the smooth tongue of the adulteress.
Here: "From the smoothness of." It comes from a root meaning smooth or slippery. The word suggests speech that goes down easily and offers no grip, like slippery ground under your feet. It is the second thing the teaching guards against.
Isaiah · 1
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Isaiah 30:10 חֲלָק֔וֹת flattering [words]
They say to the seers, “Stop seeing visions!” and to the prophets, “Do not prophesy to us the truth! Speak to us pleasant words; prophesy illusions.
Here: “Smooth things.” Speech with no rough edges, meaning flattery. Elsewhere in Hebrew, smooth ground is also slippery ground where people fall.
Jeremiah · 2
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Jeremiah 12:10 חֶלְקָתִ֑י חֶלְקַ֥ת portion my, [the] portion of
Many shepherds have destroyed My vineyard; they have trampled My plot of ground. They have turned My pleasant field into a desolate wasteland.
Here: A particular piece of farmland that belongs to someone by allotment, as in 'the portion of the field belonging to Boaz' (Ruth 2:3). God calls the land his own family plot.
Amos · 2
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Amos 4:7 חֶלְקָ֤ה וְחֶלְקָ֛ה a portion of ground, and a portion of ground
“I also withheld the rain from you when the harvest was three months away. I sent rain on one city but withheld it from another. One field received rain; another without rain withered.
Here: A plot: a family's piece of farmland. The focus narrows from towns to single fields.
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.