חָסֵר

Genesis 8:3 וַיַּחְסְר֣וּ and they decreased

The waters receded steadily from the earth, and after 150 days the waters had gone down.

Genesis 8:5 וְחָס֔וֹר and decreasing

And the waters continued to recede until the tenth month, and on the first day of the tenth month the tops of the mountains became visible.

Genesis 18:28 יַחְסְר֞וּן they will lack !

suppose the fifty righteous ones lack five. Will You destroy the whole city for the lack of five?” He replied, “If I find forty-five there, I will not destroy it.”

Here: 'They will fall short.' The subject is 'the fifty righteous': the group falls short of its number by five. The verb has an older, fuller ending (-un instead of -u), which often adds weight or a formal tone in Hebrew narrative.

Exodus 16:18 הֶחְסִ֑יר he had a lack

When they measured it by the omer, he who gathered much had no excess, and he who gathered little had no shortfall. Each one gathered as much as he needed to eat.

Here: "He had a lack / came up short." This is the root of Psalm 23:1, "I shall not want," and of Deuteronomy 2:7, "these forty years… you have lacked nothing". Here it is the concrete daily experience behind those later lines.

Deuteronomy 2:7 חָסַ֖רְתָּ you have lacked

Indeed, the LORD your God has blessed you in all the work of your hands. He has watched over your journey through this vast wilderness. The LORD your God has been with you these forty years, and you have lacked nothing.

Here: To be short of what you need. It is the same verb as Psalm 23:1, 'I shall not want'. The point is that needs were met, not that there was luxury.

Deuteronomy 8:9 תֶחְסַ֥ר you will lack

a land where you will eat food without scarcity, where you will lack nothing; a land whose rocks are iron and whose hills are ready to be mined for copper.

Deuteronomy 15:8 יֶחְסַ֖ר it will be lacking

Instead, you are to open your hand to him and freely loan him whatever he needs.

1 Kings 17:14 תֶחְסָ֑ר it will be lacking

for this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘The jar of flour will not be exhausted and the jug of oil will not run dry until the day the LORD sends rain upon the face of the earth.’”

Here: 'Will not run short.' It is the verb of Psalm 23:1, 'I shall not want'. The point is that she will have enough, not more than enough.

1 Kings 17:16 חָסֵ֑ר it was lacking

The jar of flour was not exhausted and the jug of oil did not run dry, according to the word that the LORD had spoken through Elijah.

Nehemiah 9:21 חָסֵ֑רוּ they were lacking

For forty years You sustained them in the wilderness, so that they lacked nothing. Their clothes did not wear out and their feet did not swell.

Here: 'They did not lack', with no object given, so it is absolute: they had no shortage of anything. It echoes Deut 2:7, 'you have not lacked a thing', and uses the same verb as Ps 23:1, 'I shall not want'.

Psalm 8:5 וַתְּחַסְּרֵ֣הוּ and you have made lack him

You made him a little lower than the angels; You crowned him with glory and honor.

Here: "And you made him lack / fall short." The verb is about a shortfall from a full measure, not a rung on a ladder: God made the human only just short of the divine. The form looks back to a definite act (at creation), and the opening "and" answers the amazed question of verse 4: "Yet you made him…".

Psalm 23:1 אֶחְסָֽר׃ I lack

A Psalm of David. The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not want.

Here: 'I lack' / 'I will lack', first person. The verb form covers both what is generally true now and what will be true going forward: 'I do not, and will not, go short.' It is about missing what you need, not about wanting things.

Psalm 34:10 יַחְסְר֥וּ they lack

Young lions go lacking and hungry, but those who seek the LORD lack no good thing.

Here: "They do not lack / will not lack." The tense shifts from the lions' completed fact to an ongoing, open-ended one. It repeats the "lack" of verse 9 (machsor), and it is the same verb as Psalm 23:1 ("I shall not want") and Deuteronomy 2:7 ("you have lacked nothing").

Proverbs 13:25 תֶּחְסָֽר׃ פ it is lacking

A righteous man eats to his heart’s content, but the stomach of the wicked is empty.

Proverbs 31:11 יֶחְסָֽר׃ he lacks

The heart of her husband trusts in her, and he lacks nothing of value.

Here: A form for ongoing or future action: he does not and will not go short. It is the same phrase as Psalm 23:1, 'I shall not lack/want'. The subject is most naturally the husband ('he lacks'), though the grammar also allows 'plunder will not be lacking'.

Ecclesiastes 4:8 וּמְחַסֵּ֤ר and depriving

There is a man all alone, without even a son or brother. And though there is no end to his labor, his eyes are still not content with his wealth: “For whom do I toil and bereave my soul of enjoyment?” This too is futile—a miserable task.

Here: A causative form, 'making (myself) go without'. The deprivation is self-inflicted.

Ecclesiastes 9:8 יֶחְסָֽר׃ it be lacking

Let your garments always be white, and never spare the oil for your head.

Here: "Let it not be lacking" or "run out." The oil is the grammatical subject: never let your head go without it. The same verb appears in Ps 23:1, "I shall not want."

Ecclesiastes 10:3 חָסֵ֑ר is lacking

Even as the fool walks along the road, his sense is lacking, and he shows everyone that he is a fool.

Song of Songs 7:2 יֶחְסַ֖ר it lack

Your navel is a rounded goblet; it never lacks blended wine. Your waist is a mound of wheat encircled by the lilies.

Isaiah 32:6 יַחְסִֽיר׃ he deprives

For a fool speaks foolishness; his mind plots iniquity. He practices ungodliness and speaks falsely about the LORD; he leaves the hungry empty and deprives the thirsty of drink.

Here: 'He makes [it] lacking': he takes the drink away or holds it back. The verse switches from 'to…' clauses back to a plain finite verb, which gives the ending a blunt finality.

Isaiah 51:14 יֶחְסַ֖ר he will lack

The captive will soon be freed; he will not die in the dungeon, and his bread will not be lacking.

Here: "Will be lacking" or "will run out". It is the word Israel's tradition used for God's provision in the wilderness: "you have lacked nothing" (Deut 2:7).

Jeremiah 44:18 חָסַ֣רְנוּ we have lacked

But from the time we stopped burning incense to the Queen of Heaven and pouring out drink offerings to her, we have lacked everything and have been perishing by sword and famine.”

Ezekiel 4:17 יַחְסְר֖וּ they may lack

So they will lack food and water; they will be appalled at the sight of one another wasting away in their iniquity.