Hebrew word · H8032
שִׁלְשֹׁם
shilshom
before
Appears 24 times in 24 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·
What it means
1) day before yesterday, three days ago
1a) an idiom for 'heretofore in times past'
Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
Where it appears
Genesis · 2
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Genesis 31:2 שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ three days ago
And Jacob saw from the countenance of Laban that his attitude toward him had changed.
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Genesis 31:5 שִׁלְשֹׁ֑ם three days ago
and he told them, “I can see from your father’s countenance that his attitude toward me has changed; but the God of my father has been with me.
Exodus · 6
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Exodus 4:10 מִשִּׁלְשֹׁ֔ם from three days ago
“Please, Lord,” Moses replied, “I have never been eloquent, neither in the past nor since You have spoken to Your servant, for I am slow of speech and tongue.”
Here: Literally 'since three days ago'. Paired with 'yesterday', it means 'ever before'. Moses means he has never been a good speaker, not that he had a bad couple of days.
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Exodus 5:7 שִׁלְשֹׁ֑ם three days ago
“You shall no longer supply the people with straw for making bricks. They must go and gather their own straw.
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Exodus 5:8 שִׁלְשֹׁם֙ three days ago
But require of them the same quota of bricks as before; do not reduce it. For they are lazy; that is why they are crying out, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to our God.’
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Exodus 5:14 שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם three days ago
Then the Israelite foremen, whom Pharaoh’s taskmasters had set over the people, were beaten and asked, “Why have you not fulfilled your quota of bricks yesterday or today, as you did before?”
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Exodus 21:29 שִׁלְשֹׁ֗ם three days ago
But if the ox has a habit of goring, and its owner has been warned yet does not restrain it, and it kills a man or woman, then the ox must be stoned and its owner must also be put to death.
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Exodus 21:36 שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם three days ago
But if it was known that the ox had a habit of goring, yet its owner failed to restrain it, he shall pay full compensation, ox for ox, and the dead animal will be his.
Deuteronomy · 3
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Deuteronomy 4:42 שִׁלְשׁ֑וֹם [the] third day
to which a manslayer could flee after killing his neighbor unintentionally without prior malice. To save one’s own life, he could flee to one of these cities:
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Deuteronomy 19:4 שִׁלְשֹֽׁם׃ [the] third day
Now this is the situation regarding the manslayer who flees to one of these cities to save his life, having killed his neighbor accidentally, without intending to harm him:
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Deuteronomy 19:6 שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ [the] third day
Otherwise, the avenger of blood might pursue the manslayer in a rage, overtake him if the distance is great, and strike him dead though he did not deserve to die, since he did not intend any harm.
Joshua · 3
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Joshua 3:4 שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ ס three days ago
But keep a distance of about two thousand cubits between yourselves and the ark. Do not go near it, so that you can see the way to go, since you have never traveled this way before.”
Here: Completes the idiom. 'Not… from yesterday and the day before' means 'never before'. It is not a literal count of three days (compare Gen 31:2; Exod 4:10).
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Joshua 4:18 שִׁלְשׁ֖וֹם three days ago
When the priests carrying the ark of the covenant of the LORD came up out of the Jordan and their feet touched the dry land, the waters of the Jordan returned to their course and overflowed all the banks as before.
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Joshua 20:5 שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ [the] third day
Now if the avenger of blood pursues him, they must not surrender the manslayer into his hand, because that man killed his neighbor accidentally without prior malice.
Here: Together, 'yesterday and the third day' means 'in time past'. The question is whether there was any history of hatred before the incident.
Ruth · 1
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Ruth 2:11 שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ three days ago
Boaz replied, “I have been made fully aware of all you have done for your mother-in-law since the death of your husband, how you left your father and mother and the land of your birth, and how you came to a people you did not know before.
Here: Literally “the third day [back].” Paired with təmôl it simply means “before.” It is not a literal count of days.
1 Samuel · 5
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1 Samuel 4:7 שִׁלְשֹֽׁם׃ three days ago
the Philistines were afraid. “The gods have entered their camp!” they said. “Woe to us, for nothing like this has happened before.
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1 Samuel 10:11 שִׁלְשׁ֔וֹם three days ago
When all those who had formerly known Saul saw him prophesying with the prophets, they asked one another, “What has happened to the son of Kish? Is Saul also among the prophets?”
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1 Samuel 14:21 שִׁלְשׁ֔וֹם three days ago
And the Hebrews who had previously gone up into the surrounding camps to join the Philistines now went over to the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan.
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1 Samuel 19:7 שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ ס three days ago
So Jonathan summoned David and told him all these things. Then Jonathan brought David to Saul, and David was with Saul as before.
Here: Completes the phrase: 'yesterday and the day before', meaning things went back to how they used to be.
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1 Samuel 21:5 שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם three days ago
David answered, “Women have indeed been kept from us, as is usual when I set out. And the bodies of the young men are holy even on common missions. How much more so today!”
2 Samuel · 2
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2 Samuel 3:17 שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם [the] third day
Now Abner conferred with the elders of Israel and said, “In the past you sought David as your king.
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2 Samuel 5:2 שִׁלְשׁ֗וֹם three days ago
Even in times past, while Saul was king over us, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back. And to you the LORD said, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel, and you will be ruler over them.’”
Here: Built on the word for 'three': 'three days ago', counting today. Together with 'yesterday' it makes the fixed phrase 'previously, in times past' (compare Gen 31:2, Exod 5:8).
2 Kings · 1
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2 Kings 13:5 שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃ three days ago
So the LORD gave Israel a deliverer, and they escaped the power of the Arameans. Then the people of Israel lived in their own homes as they had before.
1 Chronicles · 1
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1 Chronicles 11:2 שִׁלְשׁ֗וֹם three days ago
Even in times past, while Saul was king, you were the one who led Israel out and brought them back. And the LORD your God said, ‘You will shepherd My people Israel, and you will be ruler over them.’”
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.