ἐκχέω

Matthew 9:17 ἐκχεῖται is poured out

Neither do men pour new wine into old wineskins. If they do, the skins will burst, the wine will spill, and the wineskins will be ruined. Instead, they pour new wine into new wineskins, and both are preserved.”

Here: Runs out onto the ground and is wasted. Matthew later uses a closely related verb for Jesus' blood 'poured out' with the cup (26:28). Whether he wants readers to hear that link here is uncertain.

Matthew 23:35 ἐκχυννόμενον being poured out

And so upon you will come all the righteous blood shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel to the blood of Zechariah son of Berechiah, whom you murdered between the temple and the altar.

Here: "Being poured out." The present tense presents the bloodshed as a continuing stream. It covers the past and the killings still to come in v. 34. Matthew uses the same form in 26:28 for Jesus' own blood "poured out for many".

Matthew 26:28 ἐκχυννόμενον being poured out

This is My blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.

Here: Present passive participle, "being poured out". Spoken the night before the crucifixion, it treats the coming death as already under way. Priests "pour out" the blood at the base of the altar with this verb in Leviticus (e.g. 4:7).

Mark 14:24 ἐκχυννόμενον is being poured out

He said to them, “This is My blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many.

Here: "Being poured out." The Greek Old Testament uses this verb for a priest pouring out sacrificial blood at the foot of the altar. The present tense presents the pouring as already under way or about to happen. The death is that close.

Luke 5:37 ἐκχυθήσεται, will be spilled out,

And no one pours new wine into old wineskins. If he does, the new wine will burst the skins, the wine will spill, and the wineskins will be ruined.

Luke 11:50 ἐκκεχυμένον poured out

As a result, this generation will be charged with the blood of all the prophets that has been shed since the foundation of the world,

Here: Perfect participle: blood that was poured out and stays poured out. The killings are past, but their result, unavenged blood on the ground, still stands. The Old Testament phrase 'shed blood' (Gen 9:6) is behind it.

Luke 22:20 ἐκχυννόμενον. is being poured out.

In the same way, after supper He took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in My blood, which is poured out for you.

Here: A present passive participle: ‘being poured out’. Spoken the night before the cross, it presents the coming death as already under way. It is the word used for blood poured out at the base of the altar.

John 2:15 ἐξέχεεν He poured out

So He made a whip out of cords and drove all from the temple courts, both sheep and cattle. He poured out the coins of the money changers and overturned their tables.

Here: 'He poured out': he tipped the coins off the tables onto the ground, scattering their carefully sorted stock.

Acts 1:18 ἐξεχύθη gushed out

(Now with the reward for his wickedness Judas bought a field; there he fell headlong and burst open in the middle, and all his intestines spilled out.

Here: "Were poured out." This is the verb used for pouring liquid or shedding blood (and in Acts 2:17 for God pouring out the Spirit). Here it means his insides spilled onto the ground.

Acts 2:17 ἐκχεῶ I will pour out

‘In the last days, God says, I will pour out My Spirit on all people. Your sons and daughters will prophesy, your young men will see visions, your old men will dream dreams.

Here: A liquid image: pouring water, rain, oil or blood. It suggests abundance and free flow rather than a careful measured dose. God is the one who acts.

Acts 2:18 ἐκχεῶ I will pour out

Even on My menservants and maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days, and they will prophesy.

Acts 2:33 ἐξέχεεν He has poured out

Exalted, then, to the right hand of God, He has received from the Father the promised Holy Spirit and has poured out what you now see and hear.

Here: "He poured out." This is the main verb of the sentence, and Jesus is its subject. It repeats the verb from Joel's prophecy, where God says "I will pour out my Spirit" (Acts 2:17–18). It pictures a lavish outpouring, like water or rain.

Acts 10:45 ἐκκέχυται· has been poured out;

All the circumcised believers who had accompanied Peter were astounded that the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out even on the Gentiles.

Here: 'Has been poured out.' The verb is Joel's ('I will pour out my Spirit'), and its tense shows a finished act whose result still stands. The Spirit has come, and it stays.

Acts 22:20 ἐξεχύννετο was poured out

And when the blood of Your witness Stephen was shed, I stood there giving my approval and watching over the garments of those who killed him.’

Romans 3:15 ἐκχέαι to shed

“Their feet are swift to shed blood;

Here: An infinitive that gives the purpose of the swiftness: they are quick in order to pour out blood. The Greek form presents the act as a single completed deed, a killing, not an ongoing process. 'Pour out blood' is the standard biblical way of saying 'commit murder'.

Romans 5:5 ἐκκέχυται has been poured out

And hope does not disappoint us, because God has poured out His love into our hearts through the Holy Spirit, whom He has given us.

Here: 'Has been poured out', in a tense that describes a past act whose result still stands. The love was poured once and is still there, soaking in. The verb is the one used in Joel's promise that God would pour out his Spirit.

Titus 3:6 ἐξέχεεν He poured out

This is the Spirit He poured out on us abundantly through Jesus Christ our Savior,

Here: 'He poured out', a single completed act in the past. The subject is God, called 'God our Savior' in verse 4, who is also the subject of 'he saved us' in verse 5. It is the language of liquid poured from a vessel or rain coming down, and it echoes the prophets' promise that God would 'pour out' his Spirit.

Jude 1:11 ἐξεχύθησαν they rushed

Woe to them! They have traveled the path of Cain; they have rushed for profit into the error of Balaam; they have perished in Korah’s rebellion.

Here: Literally 'they were poured out', like liquid spilling with no restraint. Used of people it means throwing yourself wholly into something. This is the second step: from walking to gushing headlong.

Revelation 16:1 ἐκχέετε do pour out

Then I heard a loud voice from the temple saying to the seven angels, “Go, pour out on the earth the seven bowls of God’s wrath.”

Here: "Pour out!" This is the verb used for emptying a vessel completely: libations, blood at the altar, and in the prophets God's anger "poured out" on nations. The present tense presents the pouring as a task now under way, which the angels then carry out one after another (16:2–17).

Revelation 16:2 ἐξέχεεν poured out

So the first angel went and poured out his bowl on the earth, and loathsome, malignant sores broke out on those who had the mark of the beast and worshiped its image.

Here: 'Poured out.' The word is used for libations (drink offerings) and for sacrificial blood poured at the altar. It is also the stock biblical picture of God 'pouring out' his anger. The past tense presents it as one decisive act.

Revelation 16:3 ἐξέχεεν poured out

And the second angel poured out his bowl into the sea, and it turned to blood like that of the dead, and every living thing in the sea died.

Here: 'Poured out', a simple past tense reporting one completed act. It carries out the command of 16:1, 'pour out the seven bowls of the wrath of God'. The verb belongs to the language of temple libations and of the prophets' 'pour out your wrath'.

Revelation 16:4 ἐξέχεεν poured out

And the third angel poured out his bowl into the rivers and springs of water, and they turned to blood.

Here: One decisive act of emptying. The verb belongs to temple language (blood poured at the altar) and to the prophets' language for God 'pouring out' his wrath. Two verses later it comes back for the persecutors who 'poured out' the saints' blood (16:6).

Revelation 16:6 ἐξέχεαν, they have poured out,

For they have spilled the blood of saints and prophets, and You have given them blood to drink, as they deserve.”

Here: 'They poured out.' This is the standard biblical idiom for shedding blood, and it is the same verb used for the angels 'pouring out' their bowls throughout chapter 16. What they poured out comes back on them by pouring.

Revelation 16:8 ἐξέχεεν poured out

Then the fourth angel poured out his bowl on the sun, and it was given power to scorch the people with fire.

Here: A single, complete act of emptying. This is the language Greek-speaking Jews used, from the Greek Old Testament (the Septuagint), for God 'pouring out' his wrath on the nations (e.g. Ps 69:24; Jer 10:25; Zeph 3:8).

Revelation 16:10 ἐξέχεεν poured out

And the fifth angel poured out his bowl on the throne of the beast, and its kingdom was plunged into darkness, and men began to gnaw their tongues in anguish

Here: A single, decisive act of pouring (aorist tense). This verb is used for pouring a liquid offering at an altar and, in the prophets, for God "pouring out" his wrath. Both ideas are present here.

Revelation 16:12 ἐξέχεεν poured out

And the sixth angel poured out his bowl on the great river Euphrates, and its water was dried up to prepare the way for the kings of the East.

Here: "Poured out": a single, completed act. In the Greek Old Testament this verb is used for pouring God's wrath on the nations (Ps 69:24; Jer 10:25; Zeph 3:8) and for pouring blood at the altar, so it carries both worship and judgment.

Revelation 16:17 ἐξέχεεν poured out

Then the seventh angel poured out his bowl into the air, and a loud voice came from the throne in the temple, saying, “It is done!”

Here: A single, decisive act of emptying the vessel. The verb belongs to the vocabulary of temple ritual (pouring blood or drink offerings) and to the prophets' language of God 'pouring out' his wrath.