Greek word · G2927

κρυπτός

kryptos

hidden

Hidden, concealed, secret. Used as a noun ('the hidden things'), it means whatever cannot be seen from outside: inner thoughts, motives, private acts, the true condition of the heart as opposed to how things appear in public.

Appears 17 times in 15 verses of the Greek New Testament. ·

What it means

κρυπτός, -ή, -όν

(κρύπτω) [in LXX for אָטַם, מִסְתָּר, etc. ;]

hidden, secret: Matthew 10:26, Mark 4:22, Luke 8:17 12:2; ὁ κ. τῆς καρδίας ἄνθρωπος, 1 Peter 3:4; neut., ἐν τῷ κ., Matthew 6:4, 6; ἐν κ., John 7:4, 10 18:20; ὁ ἐν κ. Ἰουδαῖος, Romans 2:29; pl., τὰ κ. τ. σκότους, 1 Corinthians 4:5; τ. ἀνθρώπων, Romans 2:16; τ. καρδίας, 1 Corinthians 14:25; τ. αἰσχύνης, 2 Corinthians 4:2.†

κρυφαῖος, -αία, -αῖον

(κρύφα = κρυφῆ) [in LXX for מִסְתָּר, Jeremiah 23:24, al. ;]

hidden, secret: ἐν τῷ κ., Matthew 6:18.†

(AS)

From G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of Romans 2:16

Range of meaning

Hidden, concealed, secret. Used as a noun ('the hidden things'), it means whatever cannot be seen from outside: inner thoughts, motives, private acts, the true condition of the heart as opposed to how things appear in public.

Against the English

'Secrets' (KJV, BSB, ESV) can sound like scandals someone is hiding on purpose. The Greek is wider: everything about a person that is not visible, whether shameful or good. The NLT's 'secret life' gets nearer but still leans toward wrongdoing.

How it drifted

Modern English 'secrets' has narrowed toward deliberately hidden wrongdoing. The Greek word is neutral and simply means 'not visible'.

Used elsewhere in the period

LXX Deut 29:28 (29:29 in English): 'The hidden things (τὰ κρυπτά) belong to the Lord our God, but the revealed things to us.' Sirach 1:30: 'the Lord will reveal your hidden things (τὰ κρυπτά σου).' Jesus' 'your Father who sees in secret (ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ)' (Matt 6:4, 6, 18). Paul again in 1 Cor 4:5: the Lord 'will bring to light the hidden things of darkness and disclose the purposes of hearts', after which 'each will receive praise from God'. Compare 1 Sam 16:7: people look at the outward appearance, the LORD at the heart.

From the study of Matthew 10:26

Range of meaning

Hidden, secret, out of view, private. It is used for physical hiddenness (a hidden place) and for inner hiddenness (the 'hidden person of the heart,' 1 Pet 3:4).

Against the English

'Hidden' and 'secret' are both fine. English 'secret' can suggest something shameful being kept back. The Greek word is neutral: it can describe God's private dealings with someone (Matt 6:4, 6) as easily as hidden wrongdoing.

Used elsewhere in the period

Septuagint Deut 29:29 (29:28 in the Hebrew numbering): 'the hidden things belong to the LORD our God, but the revealed things to us.' Sirach 1:30 warns that 'the Lord will reveal your secrets.' In Matt 6:4, 6 and 18 the Father 'sees in secret.'

From the study of Matthew 6:4

Range of meaning

Hidden, concealed, secret. With the article, 'the hidden thing' or 'the hidden realm': what cannot be seen from outside, including a person's inner life.

Against the English

'In secret' is accurate. Modern 'secret' can suggest shady concealment. Here it simply means 'out of public view', where no human audience is looking.

Used elsewhere in the period

LXX Deut 29:29 'the hidden things (ta krypta) belong to the LORD our God'. Jer 23:24 asks whether anyone can hide in secret places so that God does not see him. Sirach 23:18–19 describes the sinner who says 'no one sees me' and forgets that the Lord's eyes look into hidden places. Psalm 139 is the classic picture of God seeing what is hidden. In the NT, Rom 2:16 has God judging 'the secrets of people', and Rom 2:29 speaks of the true Jew being one 'in the hidden' (en tō kryptō, the same phrase).

Similar words

Where it appears

Matthew · 5
  1. Matthew 6:4 κρυπτῷ. κρυπτῷ secret., secret

    so that your giving may be in secret. And your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you.

    Here: 'The hidden': the unseen place where no human audience is watching. It stands against the public stage of 6:1–2, where the 'hypocrites' (stage actors) perform to be watched.

  2. Matthew 6:6 κρυπτῷ. κρυπτῷ secret., secret

    But when you pray, go into your inner room, shut your door, and pray to your Father, who is unseen. And your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you.

    Here: "The hidden place." God is already present in the shut room that no one else can see. The person does not leave God behind by leaving the public eye. They go to where God is.

  3. Matthew 10:26 κρυπτὸν hidden

    So do not be afraid of them. For there is nothing concealed that will not be disclosed, and nothing hidden that will not be made known.

    Here: 'Hidden, secret, out of sight.' It is the word behind English 'cryptic' and 'crypt.' In Matthew it describes the secret place where God sees what people do not (6:4, 6).

Mark · 1
  1. Mark 4:22 κρυπτόν hidden

    For there is nothing hidden that will not be disclosed, and nothing concealed that will not be brought to light.

    Here: 'A hidden thing', used here as a noun. It means anything currently out of sight. In context that is the meaning of Jesus' parables and the reality of God's kingdom present in him, which outsiders cannot yet see.

Luke · 2
  1. Luke 8:17 κρυπτὸν hidden

    For there is nothing hidden that will not be disclosed, and nothing concealed that will not be made known and brought to light.

    Here: 'A hidden thing', anything out of sight. Here it stands right after Jesus' remark that the 'secrets of the kingdom' are given to the disciples but come to others in parables (8:10). The first thing hidden is the message itself, though the word is wide enough to cover hidden thoughts and deeds too.

  2. Luke 12:2 κρυπτὸν hidden

    There is nothing concealed that will not be disclosed, and nothing hidden that will not be made known.

    Here: 'A hidden thing, a secret.' In Jewish and Christian usage it often means the inner, unseen part of a person, such as motives and private words, which God sees and judges.

John · 3
  1. John 7:4 κρυπτῷ secret

    For no one who wants to be known publicly acts in secret. Since You are doing these things, show Yourself to the world.”

    Here: 'In a hidden place', meaning out of public view. In context this is provincial Galilee, as opposed to Jerusalem at festival time. The brothers treat Jesus' Galilean ministry as 'hiding'.

  2. John 7:10 κρυπτῷ. secret.

    But after His brothers had gone up to the feast, He also went—not publicly, but in secret.

    Here: "Hidden, private, out of view." It picks up the brothers' taunt in 7:4: "no one does anything in secret [en kryptō] while seeking to be known publicly."

  3. John 18:20 κρυπτῷ secret

    “I have spoken openly to the world,” Jesus answered. “I always taught in the synagogues and at the temple, where all the Jews come together. I said nothing in secret.

    Here: "In secret", the opposite of parrēsia. The phrase suggests a clandestine teaching or a hidden conspiracy.

Romans · 2
  1. Romans 2:16 κρυπτὰ secrets

    on the day when God will judge men’s secrets through Christ Jesus, as proclaimed by my gospel.

    Here: 'The hidden things' of people: motives, inner thoughts, deeds no one saw, everything below public reputation. It looks back to the inner courtroom of conscience in v. 15 and ahead to the Jew who is one 'in secret' in v. 29.

  2. Romans 2:29 κρυπτῷ inward

    No, a man is a Jew because he is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the written code. Such a man’s praise does not come from men, but from God.

    Here: What other people cannot see but God can. It answers 'in the open' (phanerō) in 2:28 and recalls 2:16, where God judges 'the hidden things (ta krypta) of people'.

1 Corinthians · 2
  1. 1 Corinthians 4:5 κρυπτὰ hidden things

    Therefore judge nothing before the appointed time; wait until the Lord comes. He will bring to light what is hidden in darkness and will expose the motives of men’s hearts. At that time each will receive his praise from God.

    Here: "Hidden things": whatever cannot be seen by human observers. The word itself is neutral and does not mean "sins."

  2. 1 Corinthians 14:25 κρυπτὰ secrets

    and the secrets of his heart will be made known. So he will fall facedown and worship God, proclaiming, “God is truly among you!”

    Here: 'The hidden things': what lies concealed inside a person, unknown to others and often not admitted to oneself. It is plural, so it means many concealed thoughts, motives and deeds.

2 Corinthians · 1
  1. 2 Corinthians 4:2 κρυπτὰ hidden things

    Instead, we have renounced secret and shameful ways. We do not practice deceit, nor do we distort the word of God. On the contrary, by open proclamation of the truth, we commend ourselves to every man’s conscience in the sight of God.

    Here: 'Hidden things': whatever is kept out of sight. It sets up the contrast with the 'open display' of truth at the end of the verse.

1 Peter · 1
  1. 1 Peter 3:4 κρυπτὸς hidden

    but from the inner disposition of your heart, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is precious in God’s sight.

    Here: Not visible to the eye. It is set directly against 'outward' (ἔξωθεν) in verse 3: braids and gold are on show, while this adornment cannot be seen.

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.