גֶּ֫שֶׁם

Genesis 7:12 הַגֶּ֖שֶׁם the rain

And the rain fell upon the earth for forty days and forty nights.

Genesis 8:2 הַגֶּ֖שֶׁם the rain

The springs of the deep and the floodgates of the heavens were closed, and the rain from the sky was restrained.

Leviticus 26:4 גִשְׁמֵיכֶ֖ם rains your

I will give you rains in their season, and the land will yield its produce, and the trees of the field will bear their fruit.

Here: Plural 'rains' with 'your' attached (a plural 'you', addressed to the whole people). In Israel's farming year this means the expected rains of the wet season, the early autumn rains and the late spring rains. 'Your' presents them as rain belonging to Israel's land, owed to it under the covenant.

1 Kings 17:7 גֶ֖שֶׁם rain

Some time later, however, the brook dried up because there had been no rain in the land.

1 Kings 17:14 גֶּ֖שֶׁם rain

for this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘The jar of flour will not be exhausted and the jug of oil will not run dry until the day the LORD sends rain upon the face of the earth.’”

Here: Real, heavy rain, the kind that ends a drought. The same word is used for the downpour in 18:41, 45.

1 Kings 18:41 הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃ <the> rain

And Elijah said to Ahab, “Go up, eat and drink, for there is the sound of a heavy rain.”

1 Kings 18:44 הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃ the rain

On the seventh time the servant reported, “There is a cloud as small as a man’s hand rising from the sea.” And Elijah replied, “Go and tell Ahab, ‘Prepare your chariot and go down before the rain stops you.’”

1 Kings 18:45 גֶּ֣שֶׁם rain

Meanwhile, the sky grew dark with clouds and wind, and a heavy rain began to fall. So Ahab rode away and went to Jezreel.

2 Kings 3:17 גֶ֔שֶׁם rain

For the LORD says, ‘You will not see wind or rain, but the valley will be filled with water, and you will drink—you and your cattle and your animals.’

Here: Heavy, soaking rain, not drizzle. This is the kind of storm that would normally fill a dry streambed.

Ezra 10:9 וּמֵהַגְּשָׁמִֽים׃ פ and from the rains

So within the three days, all the men of Judah and Benjamin assembled in Jerusalem, and on the twentieth day of the ninth month, all the people sat in the square at the house of God, trembling regarding this matter and because of the heavy rain.

Ezra 10:13 גְּשָׁמִ֔ים [is] rains

But there are many people here, and it is the rainy season. We are not able to stay out in the open. Nor is this the work of one or two days, for we have transgressed greatly in this matter.

Job 37:6 וְגֶ֥שֶׁם וְ֝גֶ֗שֶׁם and [the] shower of

For He says to the snow, ‘Fall on the earth,’ and to the gentle rain, ‘Pour out a mighty downpour.’

Psalm 68:9 גֶּ֣שֶׁם rain of

You sent abundant rain, O God; You refreshed Your weary inheritance.

Psalm 105:32 גִּשְׁמֵיהֶ֣ם rains their

He gave them hail for rain, with lightning throughout their land.

Proverbs 25:14 וְגֶ֣שֶׁם and [is] rain

Like clouds and wind without rain is the man who boasts of gifts never given.

Here: Rain, often heavy and soaking, the kind crops need. It is the thing the clouds and wind seemed to promise.

Proverbs 25:23 גָּ֑שֶׁם rain

As the north wind brings forth rain, so a backbiting tongue brings angry looks.

Ecclesiastes 11:3 גֶּ֙שֶׁם֙ rain

If the clouds are full, they will pour out rain upon the earth; whether a tree falls to the south or to the north, in the place where it falls, there it will lie.

Here: Heavy, soaking rain. The Hebrew accents link it to the verb before it ('filled with rain'). BSB instead makes it the thing poured out ('pour out rain'). The meaning is the same either way.

Ecclesiastes 12:2 הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃ the rain

before the light of the sun, moon, and stars is darkened, and the clouds return after the rain,

Song of Songs 2:11 הַגֶּ֕שֶׁם the rain

For now the winter is past; the rain is over and gone.

Isaiah 44:14 וְגֶ֥שֶׁם and rain

He cuts down cedars or retrieves a cypress or oak. He lets it grow strong among the trees of the forest. He plants a laurel, and the rain makes it grow.

Isaiah 55:10 הַגֶּ֨שֶׁם the rain

For just as rain and snow fall from heaven and do not return without watering the earth, making it bud and sprout, and providing seed to sow and food to eat,

Here: The ordinary word for a real, soaking rain, the winter rains that farming in Judah depended on. It is not the word for a light shower.

Jeremiah 5:24 גֶּ֛שֶׁם rain

They have not said in their hearts, ‘Let us fear the LORD our God, who gives the rains, both autumn and spring, in season, who keeps for us the appointed weeks of harvest.’

Here: The general word for substantial rain. It works as a heading, which the next two words break down into the two critical seasons.

Jeremiah 14:4 גֶ֖שֶׁם rain

The ground is cracked because no rain has fallen on the land. The farmers are ashamed; they cover their heads.

Ezekiel 1:28 הַגֶּ֗שֶׁם <the> rain

The appearance of the brilliant light all around Him was like that of a rainbow in a cloud on a rainy day. This was the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the LORD. And when I saw it, I fell facedown and heard a voice speaking.

Here: Heavy rain or a downpour. Together with "cloud" it fixes the picture: sunlight breaking through a storm.

Ezekiel 13:11 גֶּ֣שֶׁם rain

tell those whitewashing the wall that it will fall. Rain will come in torrents, I will send hailstones plunging down, and a windstorm will burst forth.

Here: A real downpour rather than a drizzle, the first blow of the storm. To people living among mud-brick walls this was the obvious thing that tests a wall.

Ezekiel 13:13 וְגֶ֤שֶׁם and rain

Therefore this is what the Lord GOD says: In My wrath I will release a windstorm, and in My anger torrents of rain and hail will fall with destructive fury.

Ezekiel 34:26 הַגֶּ֙שֶׁם֙ גִּשְׁמֵ֥י the rain, rains of

I will make them and the places around My hill a blessing. I will send down showers in season—showers of blessing.

Here: Geshem is heavy, soaking rain, the kind that ended Elijah's drought (1 Kgs 18:41, 45). With 'the' it means the familiar seasonal rains that farming in Israel depended on.

Ezekiel 38:22 וְגֶ֣שֶׁם and rain

I will execute judgment upon him with plague and bloodshed. I will pour out torrents of rain, hailstones, fire, and sulfur on him and on his troops and on the many nations with him.

Here: A heavy shower or downpour, as opposed to light rain. It is the first of four things placed before the verb for emphasis: rain, hail, fire, sulfur.

Hosea 6:3 כַגֶּ֙שֶׁם֙ like the rain

So let us know—let us press on to know the LORD. As surely as the sun rises, He will appear; He will come to us like the rain, like the spring showers that water the earth.

Here: Geshem is heavy rain, the downpour of the rainy season (the word Elijah hears in 1 Kgs 18:41 after the contest with Baal).

Joel 2:23 גֶּ֛שֶׁם rain

Be glad, O children of Zion, and rejoice in the LORD your God, for He has given you the autumn rains for your vindication. He sends you showers, both autumn and spring rains, as before.

Here: The general word for heavy rain, especially the winter downpours. Here it is an umbrella word that the next two words spell out.

Amos 4:7 הַגֶּ֗שֶׁם the rain

“I also withheld the rain from you when the harvest was three months away. I sent rain on one city but withheld it from another. One field received rain; another without rain withered.

Here: 'The rain': the heavy seasonal rain everyone counted on. The word 'the' points to the expected rains of the season, not just some rain.

Zechariah 10:1 גֶּ֙שֶׁם֙ rain

Ask the LORD for rain in springtime; the LORD makes the storm clouds, and He will give everyone showers of rain and crops in the field.

Here: A second rain word for a heavy, soaking rain. Together 'rain of downpour' means abundant showers, not a drizzle.

Zechariah 14:17 הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃ <the> rain

And should any of the families of the earth not go up to Jerusalem to worship the King, the LORD of Hosts, then the rain will not fall on them.

Here: 'The rain', with the article: the expected heavy seasonal rains that began right after the autumn festival. Without them no crop could be sown in the coming year.