Hebrew word · H2029
הָרָה
haroh
to conceive
To conceive or become pregnant. It is used in its plain physical sense, and also in images such as "conceiving mischief" (Psalm 7:14).
Appears 43 times in 42 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·
What it means
1) to conceive, become pregnant, bear, be with child, be conceived, progenitor
1a)(Qal) to conceive, become pregnant
1b) (Pual) to be conceived
1c) (Poel) to conceive, contrive, devise
Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
In depth
From the study of 2 Kings 4:17
- Range of meaning
To conceive or become pregnant. It is used in its plain physical sense, and also in images such as "conceiving mischief" (Psalm 7:14).
- Against the English
KJV and WEB say "conceived". BSB's "did conceive" adds a note of contrast with her doubt that the Hebrew only implies through the order of events.
- Used elsewhere in the period
The same verb and verb form are used for the matriarchs whose wombs God opened: Sarah (Genesis 21:2, "and Sarah conceived and bore Abraham a son"), Rebekah (25:21), Rachel (30:23) and Hannah (1 Samuel 1:20).
From the study of 2 Samuel 11:5
- Range of meaning
As a verb: to conceive, become pregnant. As an adjective (H2030): pregnant, with child. Both come from the same root and are the everyday terms. They are not euphemisms.
- Against the English
English versions use either “conceived … pregnant” (BSB, ESV, NIV) or “conceived … with child” (KJV, WEB). None of these is wrong, but English cannot carry the same-root echo between the verse’s first and last words. YLT’s “conceiveth … I am conceiving” tries to.
- Used elsewhere in the period
The same pairing of verb and announcement shows up in birth narratives (e.g., Gen 16:4–5, 38:24–25: “she is pregnant by harlotry,” said of Tamar, where the pregnancy is legal evidence). BDB and HALOT both list H2030 as an adjective used as a predicate.
From the study of Genesis 25:21
- Range of meaning
"To conceive, become pregnant." It is used regularly in birth notices ("she conceived and bore…").
- Against the English
"Conceived" (KJV, ESV, BSB, WEB) and "became pregnant" (NIV, NLT) say the same thing. NLT adds "with twins", taking it from the next verses.
- Used elsewhere in the period
The standard formula of Genesis genealogies and birth notices (4:1, 17; 21:2; 29:32–35).
Where it appears
Genesis · 21
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Genesis 4:1 וַתַּ֙הַר֙ and she conceived
And Adam had relations with his wife Eve, and she conceived and gave birth to Cain. “With the help of the LORD I have brought forth a man,” she said.
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Genesis 4:17 וַתַּ֖הַר and she conceived
And Cain had relations with his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to Enoch. Then Cain built a city and named it after his son Enoch.
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Genesis 16:4 וַתַּ֑הַר הָרָ֔תָה and she conceived, she had conceived
And he slept with Hagar, and she conceived. But when Hagar realized that she was pregnant, she began to despise her mistress.
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Genesis 16:5 הָרָ֔תָה she had conceived
Then Sarai said to Abram, “May the wrong done to me be upon you! I delivered my servant into your arms, and ever since she saw that she was pregnant, she has treated me with contempt. May the LORD judge between you and me.”
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Genesis 19:36 וַֽתַּהֲרֶ֛יןָ and they conceived
Thus both of Lot’s daughters became pregnant by their father.
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Genesis 21:2 וַתַּהַר֩ and she conceived
So Sarah conceived and bore a son to Abraham in his old age, at the very time God had promised.
Here: The ordinary Hebrew verb for becoming pregnant. Its 'and then' form moves the story straight on from verse 1: the LORD acted, and she conceived. For a woman of ninety who had stopped menstruating (18:11), the plain verb carries the whole miracle without any fuss.
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Genesis 25:21 וַתַּ֖הַר and she conceived
Later, Isaac prayed to the LORD on behalf of his wife, because she was barren. And the LORD heard his prayer, and his wife Rebekah conceived.
Here: "And she conceived." Told in one word, as the direct result of Yahweh's response. Twenty years of waiting (25:20, 26) are folded into this single verse.
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Genesis 29:32 וַתַּ֤הַר and she conceived
And Leah conceived and gave birth to a son, and she named him Reuben, for she said, “The LORD has seen my affliction. Surely my husband will love me now.”
Here: The verb form carries the story forward. The previous verse said Yahweh 'opened her womb', so her pregnancy follows directly from God's action.
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Genesis 29:33 וַתַּ֣הַר and she conceived
Again she conceived and gave birth to a son, and she said, “Because the LORD has heard that I am unloved, He has given me this son as well.” So she named him Simeon.
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Genesis 29:34 וַתַּ֣הַר and she conceived
Once again Leah conceived and gave birth to a son, and she said, “Now at last my husband will become attached to me, because I have borne him three sons.” So he was named Levi.
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Genesis 29:35 וַתַּ֨הַר and she conceived
And once more she conceived and gave birth to a son and said, “This time I will praise the LORD.” So she named him Judah. Then Leah stopped having children.
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Genesis 30:5 וַתַּ֣הַר and she conceived
and Bilhah conceived and bore him a son.
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Genesis 30:7 וַתַּ֣הַר and she conceived
And Rachel’s servant Bilhah conceived again and bore Jacob a second son.
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Genesis 30:17 וַתַּ֛הַר and she conceived
And God listened to Leah, and she conceived and bore a fifth son to Jacob.
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Genesis 30:19 וַתַּ֤הַר and she conceived
Again Leah conceived and bore a sixth son to Jacob.
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Genesis 30:23 וַתַּ֖הַר and she conceived
and she conceived and gave birth to a son. “God has taken away my shame,” she said.
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Genesis 38:3 וַתַּ֖הַר and she conceived
So she conceived and gave birth to a son, and Judah named him Er.
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Genesis 38:4 וַתַּ֥הַר and she conceived
Again she conceived and gave birth to a son, and she named him Onan.
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Genesis 38:18 וַתַּ֥הַר and she conceived
“What pledge should I give you?” he asked. She answered, “Your seal and your cord, and the staff in your hand.” So he gave them to her and slept with her, and she became pregnant by him.
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Genesis 49:26 הוֹרַ֔י [the men who] conceived me
The blessings of your father have surpassed the blessings of the ancient mountains and the bounty of the everlasting hills. May they rest on the head of Joseph, on the brow of the prince of his brothers.
Exodus · 1
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Exodus 2:2 וַתַּ֥הַר and she conceived
and she conceived and gave birth to a son. When she saw that he was a beautiful child, she hid him for three months.
Here: The ordinary verb for a woman becoming pregnant. It begins a quick chain of 'and she…' verbs that moves the story along fast, as in Hebrew birth reports generally (Gen 4:1; 21:2).
Numbers · 1
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Numbers 11:12 הָרִ֗יתִי did I conceive
Did I conceive all these people? Did I give them birth, so that You should tell me, ‘Carry them in your bosom, as a nurse carries an infant,’ to the land that You swore to give their fathers?
Judges · 1
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Judges 13:3 וְהָרִ֖ית and you will conceive
The angel of the LORD appeared to the woman and said to her, “It is true that you are barren and have no children; but you will conceive and give birth to a son.
Here: The 'and' plus this verb form points forward: 'and you will conceive'. The 'and' works as 'but': her past ('have not borne') is answered by a future.
1 Samuel · 2
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1 Samuel 1:20 וַתַּ֥הַר and she conceived
So in the course of time, Hannah conceived and gave birth to a son. She named him Samuel, saying, “Because I have asked for him from the LORD.”
Here: The answer to Hannah's barrenness (1:5–6, 'the LORD had closed her womb'), stated in one plain verb. It follows directly from 'the LORD remembered her' in 1:19.
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1 Samuel 2:21 וַתַּ֛הַר and she conceived
So the LORD attended to Hannah, and she conceived and gave birth to three sons and two daughters. Meanwhile, the boy Samuel grew up in the presence of the LORD.
Here: 'And she conceived.' This is the standard Hebrew form for telling events in sequence, so it follows directly from God's attending. KJV makes the link explicit: 'so that she conceived'.
2 Samuel · 1
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2 Samuel 11:5 וַתַּ֖הַר and she conceived
And the woman conceived and sent word to David, saying, “I am pregnant.”
Here: “And she conceived.” This is the ordinary Hebrew word for a woman becoming pregnant. The narrator says it flatly, with no comment. It is the result of v. 4, and it turns a secret night into something that can no longer be hidden.
2 Kings · 1
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2 Kings 4:17 וַתַּ֥הַר and she conceived
But the woman did conceive, and at that time the next year she gave birth to a son, just as Elisha had told her.
Here: "And she conceived." This verb form is the usual Hebrew way of moving a story forward, one event after another. It comes straight after her protest in verse 16 ("do not lie to your servant"), so the bare statement answers her doubt without any comment.
1 Chronicles · 2
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1 Chronicles 4:17 וַתַּ֙הַר֙ and she conceived
The sons of Ezrah: Jether, Mered, Epher, and Jalon. And Mered’s wife Bithiah gave birth to Miriam, Shammai, and Ishbah the father of Eshtemoa.
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1 Chronicles 7:23 וַתַּ֖הַר and she conceived
And again he slept with his wife, and she conceived and gave birth to a son. So he named him Beriah, because tragedy had come upon his house.
Job · 2
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Job 3:3 הֹ֣רָה he has been conceived
“May the day of my birth perish, and the night it was said, ‘A boy is conceived.’
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Job 15:35 הָרֹ֣ה they conceive
They conceive trouble and give birth to evil; their womb is pregnant with deceit.”
Here: An unconjugated verb form ('conceiving'), used here like a short proverb: this is simply what such people do. It pictures a pregnancy beginning. Wrongdoing starts as a seed inside a person.
Psalms · 1
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Psalm 7:14 וְהָרָ֥ה and he conceives
Behold, the wicked man travails with evil; he conceives trouble and births falsehood.
Here: 'And he conceived': the plot gets its start. This verb is normally used of women, so applying it to a man adds to the irony.
Song of Songs · 1
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Song of Songs 3:4 הוֹרָתִֽי׃ [the one who] conceived me
I had just passed them when I found the one I love. I held him and would not let go until I had brought him to my mother’s house, to the chamber of the one who conceived me.
Here: "She who conceived me", literally "my conceiver". It is a poetic double for "my mother", and it ties the room where she brings her lover to the act that began her own life.
Isaiah · 5
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Isaiah 8:3 וַתַּ֖הַר and she conceived
And I had relations with the prophetess, and she conceived and gave birth to a son. The LORD said to me, “Name him Maher-shalal-hash-baz.
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Isaiah 26:18 הָרִ֣ינוּ we were pregnant
We were with child; we writhed in pain; but we gave birth to wind. We have given no salvation to the earth, nor brought any life into the world.
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Isaiah 33:11 תַּהֲר֥וּ you will conceive
You conceive chaff; you give birth to stubble. Your breath is a fire that will consume you.
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Isaiah 59:4 הָר֥וֹ they conceive
No one calls for justice; no one pleads his case honestly. They rely on empty pleas; they tell lies; they conceive mischief and give birth to iniquity.
Here: 'Conceiving': the start of a birth image. Harm is planned inwardly before it comes out.
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Isaiah 59:13 הֹר֧וֹ we have conceived
rebelling and denying the LORD, turning away from our God, speaking oppression and revolt, conceiving and uttering lies from the heart.
Here: "Conceiving." This is the word for pregnancy. It picks up verse 4 ("they conceive trouble and give birth to iniquity"): lies are planted inside and grow there before they are born.
Hosea · 4
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Hosea 1:3 וַתַּ֥הַר and she conceived
So Hosea went and married Gomer daughter of Diblaim, and she conceived and bore him a son.
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Hosea 1:6 וַתַּ֤הַר and she conceived
Gomer again conceived and gave birth to a daughter, and the LORD said to Hosea, “Name her Lo-ruhamah, for I will no longer have compassion on the house of Israel, that I should ever forgive them.
Here: Gomer, Hosea's wife (v. 3), becomes pregnant. The verb form carries the story forward from the first child, Jezreel.
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Hosea 1:8 וַתַּ֖הַר and she conceived
After she had weaned Lo-ruhamah, Gomer conceived and gave birth to a son.
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Hosea 2:5 הֽוֹרָתָ֑ם [the] [one who] conceived them
For their mother has played the harlot and has conceived them in disgrace. For she thought, ‘I will go after my lovers, who give me bread and water, wool and linen, oil and drink.’
Here: A participle used as a noun: 'she who conceived them.' It stands in for 'their mother' and points to the shame being passed down to the children she bore.
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.