חֵטְא

Genesis 41:9 חֲטָאַ֕י sins my

Then the chief cupbearer said to Pharaoh, “Today I recall my failures.

Leviticus 19:17 חֵֽטְא׃ sin

You must not harbor hatred against your brother in your heart. Directly rebuke your neighbor, so that you will not incur guilt on account of him.

Here: "Sin." In this idiom it means guilt and the penalty attached to it, not only the wrong act itself.

Leviticus 20:20 חֶטְאָ֥ם sin their

If a man lies with his uncle’s wife, he has uncovered the nakedness of his uncle. They will bear their sin; they shall die childless.

Leviticus 22:9 חֵ֔טְא sin

The priests must keep My charge, lest they bear the guilt and die because they profane it. I am the LORD who sanctifies them.

Leviticus 24:15 חֶטְאֽוֹ׃ sin his

And you are to tell the Israelites, ‘If anyone curses his God, he shall bear the consequences of his sin.

Numbers 9:13 חֶטְא֥וֹ sin his

But if a man who is ceremonially clean and is not on a journey still fails to observe the Passover, he must be cut off from his people, because he did not present the LORD’s offering at its appointed time. That man will bear the consequences of his sin.

Here: His failure or offence. In this phrase it covers both the wrong and the liability that comes with it.

Numbers 18:22 חֵ֖טְא sin

No longer may the Israelites come near to the Tent of Meeting, or they will incur guilt and die.

Numbers 18:32 חֵ֔טְא sin

Once you have presented the best part of it, you will not incur guilt because of it. But you must not defile the sacred offerings of the Israelites, or else you will die.’”

Numbers 27:3 בְחֶטְא֣וֹ in own sin his

“Our father died in the wilderness, but he was not among the followers of Korah who gathered together against the LORD. Instead, he died because of his own sin, and he had no sons.

Deuteronomy 15:9 חֵֽטְא׃ sin

Be careful not to harbor this wicked thought in your heart: “The seventh year, the year of release, is near,” so that you look upon your poor brother begrudgingly and give him nothing. He will cry out to the LORD against you, and you will be guilty of sin.

Here: An offence that has been counted against someone. Deuteronomy uses the exact phrase 'it will be sin in you' for unpaid wages (24:15) and unpaid vows (23:21).

Deuteronomy 19:15 חֵ֖טְא sin

A lone witness is not sufficient to establish any wrongdoing or sin against a man, regardless of what offense he may have committed. A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.

Here: Another word from the same root as ḥattaʾt. Piling up three near-synonyms is a Hebrew way of saying 'every possible offense'.

Deuteronomy 21:22 חֵ֛טְא a sin of

If a man has committed a sin worthy of death, and he is executed, and you hang his body on a tree,

Here: Here this is a legal offense that has been tried and proved, a crime against the covenant community and its God. It is not a private moral failing. The word also carries the idea of guilt that the offender bears.

Deuteronomy 22:26 חֵ֣טְא sin of

Do nothing to the young woman, because she has committed no sin worthy of death. This case is just like one in which a man attacks his neighbor and murders him.

Deuteronomy 23:21 חֵֽטְא׃ sin

If you make a vow to the LORD your God, do not be slow to keep it, because He will surely require it of you, and you will be guilty of sin.

Here: "Sin" in the sense of guilt you are liable for, a wrong counted against you. The same phrase, "it will be sin in you," is used for withholding a poor worker's wages (Deut 24:15).

Deuteronomy 23:22 חֵֽטְא׃ sin

But if you refrain from making a vow, you will not be guilty of sin.

Deuteronomy 24:15 חֵֽטְא׃ ס sin

You are to pay his wages each day before sunset, because he is poor and depends on them. Otherwise he may cry out to the LORD against you, and you will be guilty of sin.

Here: "Sin." Here it means guilt that God holds against you: a real liability on record with him, not just a private bad feeling.

Deuteronomy 24:16 בְּחֶטְא֖וֹ for own sin his

Fathers shall not be put to death for their children, nor children for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.

Here: 'For his own offense.' The preposition be- here gives the ground or price of the penalty, and the suffix 'his' carries the whole point: his own crime, not a relative's. In this legal setting chet' is the actionable wrong and the guilt it brings, here a capital crime.

2 Kings 10:29 חֲטָאֵ֞י [the] sins of

but he did not turn away from the sins that Jeroboam son of Nebat had caused Israel to commit—the worship of the golden calves at Bethel and Dan.

Here: "The sins of." It is plural and placed first in the sentence for emphasis. Here it means a specific wrong done to Israel's God: the official worship that Jeroboam set up. It does not mean private moral failings in general.

2 Kings 14:6 בְּחֶטְא֖וֹ for own sin his

Yet he did not put the sons of the murderers to death, but acted according to what is written in the Book of the Law of Moses, where the LORD commanded: “Fathers must not be put to death for their children, and children must not be put to death for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.”

Here: 'In his own offense' or 'for his own crime'. The word covers both the wrong done and the guilt that comes with it. Here it means a capital crime that makes the offender liable to execution. The word 'own' is carried by the Hebrew ending 'his'.

2 Chronicles 25:4 בְּחֶטְא֖וֹ for own sin his

Yet he did not put their sons to death, but acted according to what is written in the Law, in the Book of Moses, where the LORD commanded: “Fathers must not be put to death for their children, and children must not be put to death for their fathers; each is to die for his own sin.”

Here: 'For his own offence': the specific wrong he committed, together with the guilt it carries. In a capital case that means his own crime. The word 'his' carries the weight: *his*, not his father's or son's.

Psalm 51:5 וּ֝בְחֵ֗טְא and in sin

Surely I was brought forth in iniquity; I was sinful when my mother conceived me.

Here: "And in sin." Ḥeṭʾ is the common word for an offence or failure, from a root meaning to miss a target. It pairs with ʿawon in the first line, and together they cover the whole range of wrongdoing.

Psalm 51:9 מֵחֲטָאָ֑י from sins my

Hide Your face from my sins and blot out all my iniquities.

Here: 'From my sins': the preposition 'from' + plural 'sins' + 'my'. The root's basic picture is missing the mark or failing in what you owe. The word covers the wrong act and the guilt that sticks to the person who did it.

Psalm 103:10 כַ֭חֲטָאֵינוּ according to sins our

He has not dealt with us according to our sins or repaid us according to our iniquities.

Here: 'In proportion to our sins', 'as our offenses would measure it'. The little prefix kə- makes this about proportion: the claim is that God's treatment did not match the size of the wrong. It does not say the wrong was ignored. Ḥēṭʾ is an offense against someone you owe something to, and in Hebrew it often includes the penalty that offense brings with it.

Ecclesiastes 10:4 חֲטָאִ֥ים sins

If the ruler’s temper flares against you, do not abandon your post, for calmness lays great offenses to rest.

Here: Offenses or faults, here in a court and political setting: wrongs done (or thought to be done) against the ruler, and the harmful acts that could follow if the clash escalates. It does not mainly mean 'sins' in the religious sense.

Isaiah 1:18 חֲטָאֵיכֶ֤ם sins your

“Come now, let us reason together,” says the LORD. “Though your sins are like scarlet, they will be as white as snow; though they are as red as crimson, they will become like wool.

Here: "Your sins", plural, with a plural "your". These are concrete wrongs that carry guilt. Verses 15–17 name them: hands full of blood, oppression, neglect of orphans and widows.

Isaiah 31:7 חֵֽטְא׃ sin

For on that day, every one of you will reject the idols of silver and gold that your own hands have sinfully made.

Isaiah 38:17 חֲטָאָֽי׃ sins my

Surely for my own welfare I had such great anguish; but Your love has delivered me from the pit of oblivion, for You have cast all my sins behind Your back.

Here: "My sins." Plural: specific failures and offenses against God, along with the guilt they carry. Hezekiah owns them as his.

Isaiah 53:12 חֵטְא־ [the] sin of

Therefore I will allot Him a portion with the great, and He will divide the spoils with the strong, because He has poured out His life unto death, and He was numbered with the transgressors. Yet He bore the sin of many and made intercession for the transgressors.

Here: 'The sin of.' The word covers both the wrong done and the guilt and penalty that come with it. The singular is collective: the many people's sin taken as one load.

Lamentations 1:8 חֵ֤טְא sin

Jerusalem has sinned greatly; therefore she has become an object of scorn. All who honored her now despise her, for they have seen her nakedness; she herself groans and turns away.

Here: A noun used as the object of its own verb ('a sin she sinned'). Hebrew does this for emphasis, so it means 'she sinned grievously.' It is also the first word of the ḥet stanza of this alphabet poem. The letter ḥet opens with ḥeṭʾ, 'sin'.

Lamentations 3:39 חֲטָאָֽיו׃ ס sins his

Why should any mortal man complain, in view of his sins?

Here: 'His sins' (spoken form) or 'his sin' (written form): real wrongs done, a failure toward God that leaves a person guilty. The verse doesn't say 'punishment', but in this context the sin and what it brought on are closely bound together.

Ezekiel 23:49 וַחֲטָאֵ֥י and [the] sins of

They will repay you for your indecency, and you will bear the consequences of your sins of idolatry. Then you will know that I am the Lord GOD.’”

Daniel 9:16 בַחֲטָאֵ֙ינוּ֙ by sins our

O Lord, in keeping with all Your righteous acts, I pray that Your anger and wrath may turn away from Your city Jerusalem, Your holy mountain; for because of our sins and the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and Your people are a reproach to all around us.

Here: 'Through/because of our sins': failures, missing what God required. Daniel includes himself ('our') even though the narrative presents him as faithful.

Hosea 12:8 חֵֽטְא׃ [is] sin

And Ephraim boasts: “How rich I have become! I have found wealth for myself. In all my labors, they can find in me no iniquity that is sinful.”

Here: An offence that makes a person liable to penalty. Put together, the phrase means roughly 'no wrongdoing that is actually a punishable offence'. Ephraim claims nothing actionable can be proved.