Hebrew word · H5643

סֵ֫תֶר

seter

secrecy

Sēter means a covering, shelter or hiding place, and so secrecy. Bassēter means 'in secret, privately, out of sight'.

Appears 36 times in 36 verses of the Hebrew Old Testament. ·

What it means

1) covering, shelter, hiding place, secrecy

1a) covering, cover

1b) hiding place, shelter, secret place

1c) secrecy

1c1) secrecy (of tongue being slanderous)

Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of Deuteronomy 27:15

Range of meaning

Sēter means a covering, shelter or hiding place, and so secrecy. Bassēter means 'in secret, privately, out of sight'.

Against the English

BSB/WEB 'in secret' is accurate. KJV/YLT 'in a secret place' is possible but suggests a hidden shrine. The Hebrew can mean either a concealed location or simply done covertly.

Used elsewhere in the period

The same word appears in v. 24 ('strikes his neighbour in secret') of this list. Deut 13:7 (Eng. 13:6) speaks of enticement to other gods 'in secret'. Deut 29:28 (Eng. 29:29): 'the secret things belong to YHWH our God'. Ezek 8:12 describes elders worshipping images 'in the dark'.

From the study of Psalm 27:5

Range of meaning

A covering or hidden place; secrecy; shelter. It is the noun from satar, 'to hide'. It can mean doing something in secret (e.g., 2 Sam 12:12), but in the Psalms it usually means a protective cover or hiding place.

Against the English

KJV 'the secret of his tabernacle' and WEB 'secret place' make modern readers think of hidden information or a private devotional retreat. BSB/ESV 'under the cover of His tent' and NIV 'shelter' convey the protective, physical sense better.

How it drifted

In 17th-century English 'secret' could still mean a hidden or retired place. Today it mostly means concealed information. Devotional use of 'the secret place' (mostly from Ps 91:1 and Matt 6:6) has also attached ideas of private intimacy that this verse does not stress.

Used elsewhere in the period

'You are my hiding place (seter)' (Ps 32:7). 'He who dwells in the shelter (seter) of the Most High' (Ps 91:1). Psalm 61:4 (Heb 61:5) pairs it with the tent as here: 'Let me dwell in your tent forever; let me take refuge in the shelter (seter) of your wings.' The verb and noun appear together in Psalm 31:20.

From the study of Psalm 32:7

Range of meaning

From the verb sātar, 'to hide, conceal'. Its meanings run from 'secrecy' (something done in secret, 2 Sam 12:12; Deut 27:24) to 'covering, hiding place'. In the Psalms it becomes a word for God's protecting presence: the place where the vulnerable are hidden out of their attackers' reach.

Against the English

'Hiding place' (KJV, BSB, WEB, NIV, NASB) is accurate. ESV and YLT keep the Hebrew structure: 'a hiding place for me'. JPS-style translations use 'shelter', which captures the protection but loses the idea of being concealed. The supplied lemma gloss, 'secrecy', fits other passages better than this one.

Used elsewhere in the period

Ps 27:5 ('he will hide me in the seter of his tent'); Ps 31:20 ('in the seter of your presence you hide them'); Ps 61:4; Ps 91:1 ('the one who dwells in the seter of the Most High'); Ps 119:114 ('you are my seter and my shield'). Several of these place the hiding inside God's tent or presence, which is the language of the sanctuary. Isa 28:15, 17 uses the same word for the false 'hiding place' of lies that floodwaters will sweep away, the same flood image as Ps 32:6.

Where it appears

Deuteronomy · 5
  1. Deuteronomy 13:6 בַּסֵּ֣תֶר in <the> secrecy

    If your very own brother, or your son or daughter, or the wife you embrace, or your closest friend secretly entices you, saying, “Let us go and worship other gods” (which neither you nor your fathers have known,

    Here: 'In secret': privately, behind closed doors. This sets the case apart from the public prophet of vv. 1–5, because here no one else hears the invitation.

  2. Deuteronomy 27:15 בַּסָּ֑תֶר in <the> secrecy

    ‘Cursed is the man who makes a carved idol or molten image—an abomination to the LORD, the work of the hands of a craftsman—and sets it up in secret.’ And let all the people say, ‘Amen!’

    Here: 'In the secret / in the hidden place'. The deed is done out of public view, where no human witness or court would catch it. That is why the whole community calls down God's sanction on it.

  3. Deuteronomy 27:24 בַּסָּ֑תֶר in <the> secrecy

    ‘Cursed is he who strikes down his neighbor in secret.’ And let all the people say, ‘Amen!’

  4. Deuteronomy 28:57 בַּסָּ֑תֶר in <the> secrecy

    the afterbirth that comes from between her legs and the children she bears, because she will secretly eat them for lack of anything else in the siege and distress that your enemy will inflict on you within your gates.

  5. Deuteronomy 32:38 סִתְרָֽה׃ a shelter

    which ate the fat of their sacrifices and drank the wine of their drink offerings? Let them rise up and help you; let them give you shelter!

Judges · 1
  1. Judges 3:19 סֵ֥תֶר secrecy

    But upon reaching the idols near Gilgal, he himself turned back and said, “I have a secret message for you, O king.” “Silence,” said the king, and all his attendants left him.

1 Samuel · 2
  1. 1 Samuel 19:2 בַסֵּ֖תֶר in the hiding place

    so he warned David, saying, “My father Saul intends to kill you. Be on your guard in the morning; find a secret place and hide there.

  2. 1 Samuel 25:20 בְּסֵ֣תֶר in [the] cover of

    As Abigail came riding her donkey into a mountain ravine, she saw David and his men coming down toward her, and she met them.

2 Samuel · 1
  1. 2 Samuel 12:12 בַסָּ֑תֶר in <the> secret

    You have acted in secret, but I will do this thing in broad daylight before all Israel.’”

Job · 5
  1. Job 13:10 בַּ֝סֵּ֗תֶר in <the> secrecy

    Surely He would rebuke you if you secretly showed partiality.

  2. Job 22:14 סֵֽתֶר־ [are] a hiding place

    Thick clouds veil Him so He does not see us as He traverses the vault of heaven.’

  3. Job 24:15 וְסֵ֖תֶר and covering of

    The eye of the adulterer watches for twilight. Thinking, ‘No eye will see me,’ he covers his face.

  4. Job 31:27 בַּסֵּ֣תֶר in <the> secrecy

    so that my heart was secretly enticed and my hand threw a kiss from my mouth,

  5. Job 40:21 בְּסֵ֖תֶר in a hiding place of

    He lies under the lotus plants, hidden among the reeds of the marsh.

Psalms · 10
  1. Psalm 18:11 סִתְר֗וֹ covering his

    He made darkness His hiding place, and storm clouds a canopy around Him.

  2. Psalm 27:5 בְּסֵ֣תֶר in [the] hiding place of

    For in the day of trouble He will hide me in His shelter; He will conceal me under the cover of His tent; He will set me high upon a rock.

    Here: 'In the covered part / hiding place of' his tent: the sheltered inner space where a guest is out of view. It comes from the same root as the verb before it, so the line reads roughly 'he will hide me in the hiding of his tent'.

  3. Psalm 31:20 בְּסֵ֥תֶר in [the] hiding place of

    You hide them in the secret place of Your presence from the schemes of men. You conceal them in Your shelter from accusing tongues.

    Here: "In the cover of." It comes from the same root as the verb before it, so the line says, in effect, "you hide them in the hiding of your face." The word means a protective covering where pursuers cannot find you. It does not mean a private place for spiritual intimacy.

  4. Psalm 32:7 סֵ֥תֶר [are] a hiding place

    You are my hiding place. You protect me from trouble; You surround me with songs of deliverance. Selah

    Here: A place where someone is covered and out of reach. The sentence has no verb ('You, a hiding place for me'), so it reads as a settled fact about who God is. It is not presented as a one-time event.

  5. Psalm 61:4 בְסֵ֖תֶר in [the] shelter of

    Let me dwell in Your tent forever and take refuge in the shelter of Your wings. Selah

    Here: 'In the hiding place / cover of.' A place where you can't be seen, so the enemy can't find or reach you. Here it is the hidden space under spread wings.

  6. Psalm 81:7 בְּסֵ֣תֶר in [the] hiding place of

    You called out in distress, and I rescued you; I answered you from the cloud of thunder; I tested you at the waters of Meribah. Selah

    Here: 'In the hiding place of': a place of concealment. Here it is most naturally the storm cloud that veiled God's presence, so God speaks out of a covering that hides him.

  7. Psalm 91:1 בְּסֵ֣תֶר in [the] shelter of

    He who dwells in the shelter of the Most High will abide in the shadow of the Almighty.

    Here: 'In the hiding place of.' It means a covert or concealed shelter where someone in danger is kept out of sight. The point is protection by concealment, not private knowledge.

  8. Psalm 101:5 בַסֵּ֨תֶר׀ in <the> secrecy

    Whoever slanders his neighbor in secret, I will put to silence; the one with haughty eyes and a proud heart, I will not endure.

    Here: 'In the hidden place', behind the victim's back, where he cannot answer. What is condemned is the covert attack, the whisper to the right ear, not only the words themselves.

  9. Psalm 119:114 סִתְרִ֣י [are] hiding place my

    You are my hiding place and my shield; I put my hope in Your word.

    Here: "My hiding place": a place where you are covered and out of sight, so an enemy cannot reach or even see you. It comes first in the line, and it starts with the letter samekh, the letter every line of this stanza must open with.

  10. Psalm 139:15 בַסֵּ֑תֶר in the secret place

    My frame was not hidden from You when I was made in secret, when I was woven together in the depths of the earth.

    Here: 'In the hidden place.' It means the sheltered, unseen place of the womb. The word echoes verses 11–12, where darkness cannot hide anything from God.

Proverbs · 3
  1. Proverbs 9:17 סְתָרִ֣ים secret places

    “Stolen water is sweet, and bread eaten in secret is tasty!”

  2. Proverbs 21:14 בַּ֭סֵּתֶר in <the> secrecy

    A gift in secret soothes anger, and a covert bribe pacifies great wrath.

  3. Proverbs 25:23 סָֽתֶר׃ secrecy

    As the north wind brings forth rain, so a backbiting tongue brings angry looks.

Song of Songs · 1
  1. Song of Songs 2:14 בְּסֵ֙תֶר֙ in [the] hiding place of

    O my dove in the clefts of the rock, in the crevices of the cliff, let me see your face, let me hear your voice; for your voice is sweet, and your countenance is lovely.

    Here: "In the hiding place of": a spot that is concealed, out of sight. It pairs with the clefts: she is both out of reach and out of view.

Isaiah · 5
  1. Isaiah 16:4 סֵ֥תֶר a shelter

    Let my fugitives stay with you; be a refuge for Moab from the destroyer.” When the oppressor has gone, destruction has ceased, and the oppressors have vanished from the land,

  2. Isaiah 28:17 וְסֵ֥תֶר and [the] shelter

    I will make justice the measuring line and righteousness the level. Hail will sweep away your refuge of lies, and water will flood your hiding place.

    Here: A hidden shelter. It echoes v.15, "in falsehood we have hidden ourselves," and possibly the secret dealings that set up the alliance.

  3. Isaiah 32:2 וְסֵ֣תֶר and a shelter of

    Each will be like a shelter from the wind, a refuge from the storm, like streams of water in a dry land, like the shadow of a great rock in an arid land.

    Here: A concealed, protected place. The same word appears in 'you are my hiding place' (Ps 32:7) and 'the shelter of the Most High' (Ps 91:1). It echoes Isa 28:17, where floodwaters sweep away the leaders' false 'hiding place'.

  4. Isaiah 45:19 בַסֵּ֣תֶר in <the> secrecy

    I have not spoken in secret, from a place in a land of darkness. I did not say to the descendants of Jacob, ‘Seek Me in a wasteland.’ I, the LORD, speak the truth; I say what is right.

    Here: "In the secret / in hiding." It points to speech given privately or in coded form, open only to insiders. Yahweh says his word was never like that.

  5. Isaiah 48:16 בַּסֵּ֣תֶר in <the> secrecy

    Come near to Me and listen to this: From the beginning I have not spoken in secret; from the time it happened, I was there.” And now the Lord GOD has sent me, accompanied by His Spirit.

    Here: 'In secret', 'in a hidden place.' It repeats 45:19 almost word for word and contrasts YHWH's public word with the muttered, private oracles of diviners and idols.

Jeremiah · 3
  1. Jeremiah 37:17 בַּסֵּ֔תֶר in <the> secrecy

    Later, King Zedekiah sent for Jeremiah and received him in his palace, where he asked him privately, “Is there a word from the LORD?” “There is,” Jeremiah replied. “You will be delivered into the hand of the king of Babylon.”

    Here: 'In the hiding place / in concealment'. The meeting is kept from the royal officials who had Jeremiah beaten and jailed (v.15). Compare 38:24–27, where Zedekiah again insists on secrecy.

  2. Jeremiah 38:16 בַּסֵּ֣תֶר in <the> secrecy

    But King Zedekiah swore secretly to Jeremiah, “As surely as the LORD lives, who has given us this life, I will not kill you, nor will I deliver you into the hands of these men who are seeking your life.”

  3. Jeremiah 40:15 בַסֵּ֨תֶר in <the> secrecy

    Then Johanan son of Kareah spoke privately to Gedaliah at Mizpah. “Let me go and kill Ishmael son of Nethaniah,” he said. “No one will know it. Why should he take your life and scatter all the people of Judah who have gathered to you, so that the remnant of Judah would perish?”

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.