Greek word · G2501

Ἰωσήφ

iōsēph

Joseph

Iōsēph is the Greek spelling of Hebrew Yosef (Joseph). Iōsēs (genitive Iōsē or Iōsētos) is the Greek form of Yose, a common shortened form of the same name. It is well attested on ossuaries (bone boxes) from Jerusalem and in rabbinic names such as Rabbi Yose.

Appears 35 times in 34 verses of the Greek New Testament. ·

What it means

Ἰωσήφ indecl.

(FlJ, Ἰώσηπος, -ου), ὁ (Heb. יוֹסֵף),

Joseph;

1. the Son of Jacob: John 4:5, Acts 7:9, 13-14 7:18, Hebrews 11:21-22, Revelation 7:8.

2. In the genealogy of our Lord,

(a) the son of Matthias: Luke 3:24;

(b) the son Joram: Luke 3:30.

3. The husband of Mary, the Lord's mother Matthew 1:16 ff, Luke 1:27, John 1:46, al.

4. One of the brethren of our Lord (see: ἀδελφός): Matthew 13:55.

5. Son of Mary: Matthew 27:56 (-σῆς, WH, mg., RV).

6. Joseph of Arimatbæa: Matthew 27:57, 59, Mark 15:43, 45, Luke 23:50, John 19:38.

7. see: Βαρνάβας.

8. see: Βαρσαβᾶς

(AS)

From G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of Matthew 27:56

Range of meaning

Iōsēph is the Greek spelling of Hebrew Yosef (Joseph). Iōsēs (genitive Iōsē or Iōsētos) is the Greek form of Yose, a common shortened form of the same name. It is well attested on ossuaries (bone boxes) from Jerusalem and in rabbinic names such as Rabbi Yose.

Against the English

BSB, ESV and NASB print "Joseph", following the modern critical Greek text. KJV, WEB and YLT print "Joses", following the majority of later manuscripts. Readers comparing versions can assume two different men. They are one man under a full and a short form of his name.

How it drifted

English never kept "Joses" as a living name, so it looks like a separate name rather than a nickname-form of Joseph, roughly like "Joe" for "Joseph".

Used elsewhere in the period

Mark 15:40 and 15:47 use Iōsētos ("of Joses"). Matthew 13:55 lists Jesus' brothers as James, Joseph (variant Joses), Simon and Judas, with the same manuscript split. The short form Yose was especially common in Galilee and Judea in the first century.

Where it appears

Matthew · 11
  1. Matthew 1:16 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    and Jacob the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, who is called Christ.

    Here: Mary's husband, a descendant of David (1:20 calls him 'son of David'). The genealogy runs through him. It is his legal line that the list traces.

  2. Matthew 1:18 Ἰωσήφ, to Joseph,

    This is how the birth of Jesus Christ came about: His mother Mary was pledged in marriage to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be with child through the Holy Spirit.

    Here: Joseph, the son of David named in 1:16. Like the patriarch Joseph, he will be guided by dreams and will go down to Egypt (1:20; 2:13–14).

  3. Matthew 1:19 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    Because Joseph her husband was a righteous man and was unwilling to disgrace her publicly, he resolved to divorce her quietly.

    Here: The Greek form of Hebrew Yosef. Placed first, it makes Joseph the subject of the whole scene; Matthew tells the birth story from Joseph's side, and the name recalls the patriarch Joseph, another righteous man guided by dreams.

  4. Matthew 1:20 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    But after he had pondered these things, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said, “Joseph, son of David, do not be afraid to embrace Mary as your wife, for the One conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit.

    Here: Hebrew Yosef. A Jewish hearer could not miss the echo of the patriarch Joseph, son of Jacob, who also received dreams and went down to Egypt. Matthew 1:16 even names this Joseph's father as Jacob.

  5. Matthew 1:24 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    When Joseph woke up, he did as the angel of the Lord had commanded him and embraced Mary as his wife.

    Here: Mary's betrothed husband, a descendant of David (1:16, 20). Like the patriarch Joseph, who was also a 'son of Jacob' (1:16), he receives God's guidance through dreams.

  6. Matthew 2:13 Ἰωσὴφ to Joseph

    When the Magi had gone, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream. “Get up!” he said. “Take the Child and His mother and flee to Egypt. Stay there until I tell you, for Herod is going to search for the Child to kill Him.”

    Here: Joseph, Mary's husband and the child's legal father. Like the patriarch Joseph in Genesis, he receives dreams and ends up in Egypt.

  7. Matthew 2:19 Ἰωσὴφ to Joseph

    After Herod died, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt.

    Here: Mary's husband. Like the patriarch Joseph of Genesis, he receives guidance through dreams and ends up in Egypt to keep a family alive.

  8. Matthew 13:55 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    “Isn’t this the carpenter’s son? Isn’t His mother’s name Mary, and aren’t His brothers James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas?

    Here: Yosef, a patriarch's name and the same as the father's. Mark 6:3 has the short form Joses (Yose).

  9. Matthew 27:56 Ἰωσὴφ of Joseph

    Among them were Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of Zebedee’s sons.

    Here: "Of Joseph". Many manuscripts have the short form "Joses" (Yose), which is the same name. Her sons were evidently known by name to Matthew's readers.

  10. Matthew 27:57 Ἰωσήφ, Joseph,

    When it was evening, there came a rich man from Arimathea named Joseph, who himself was a disciple of Jesus.

  11. Matthew 27:59 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    So Joseph took the body, wrapped it in a clean linen cloth,

    Here: Joseph of Arimathea, described in v. 57 as a rich man who had become a disciple of Jesus. As the subject of the sentence, he does everything himself: he receives the body, wraps it and lays it in the tomb.

Mark · 2
  1. Mark 15:43 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    Joseph of Arimathea, a prominent Council member who himself was waiting for the kingdom of God, boldly went to Pilate to ask for the body of Jesus.

    Here: A very common Jewish name of the period. That is why he is identified straight away by his hometown.

  2. Mark 15:45 Ἰωσήφ. to Joseph.

    When Pilate had confirmed it with the centurion, he granted the body to Joseph.

Luke · 8
  1. Luke 1:27 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    to a virgin pledged in marriage to a man named Joseph, who was of the house of David. And the virgin’s name was Mary.

  2. Luke 2:4 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    So Joseph also went up from Nazareth in Galilee to Judea, to the city of David called Bethlehem, since he was from the house and line of David.

    Here: Mary's betrothed, already named in 1:27 as 'of the house of David'. His lineage, not Mary's, is the stated reason for the trip.

  3. Luke 2:16 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    So they hurried off and found Mary and Joseph and the Baby, who was lying in the manger.

  4. Luke 3:23 Ἰωσὴφ of Joseph

    Jesus Himself was about thirty years old when He began His ministry. He was regarded as the son of Joseph, the son of Heli,

    Here: In the genitive, 'of Joseph', depending on 'son'. It is the only name in the chain without the article τοῦ in front of it, a detail that later interpreters built arguments on.

  5. Luke 3:24 Ἰωσὴφ of Joseph

    the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph,

  6. Luke 3:30 Ἰωσὴφ of Joseph

    the son of Simeon, the son of Judah, the son of Joseph, the son of Jonam, the son of Eliakim,

  7. Luke 4:22 Ἰωσὴφ of Joseph

    All spoke well of Him and marveled at the gracious words that came from His lips. “Isn’t this the son of Joseph?” they asked.

    Here: Joseph, the local craftsman everyone knew. Luke's readers already know from 3:23 that Jesus was only 'supposed' to be Joseph's son, and from 3:22 and 3:38 that he is God's Son.

  8. Luke 23:50 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    Now there was a Council member named Joseph, a good and righteous man,

    Here: A common Jewish name, after the patriarch. Verse 51 adds 'from Arimathea' to tell him apart from other Josephs.

John · 4
  1. John 1:45 Ἰωσὴφ of Joseph

    Philip found Nathanael and told him, “We have found the One Moses wrote about in the Law, the One the prophets foretold—Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph.”

    Here: Jesus' father as the people around him knew him (compare 6:42). Philip is identifying a real, locatable man.

  2. John 4:5 Ἰωσὴφ to Joseph

    So He came to a town of Samaria called Sychar, near the plot of ground that Jacob had given to his son Joseph.

    Here: Joseph, Jacob's favoured son, ancestor of the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh. The Samaritans traced their own descent from these tribes.

  3. John 6:42 Ἰωσήφ, of Joseph,

    They were asking, “Is this not Jesus, the son of Joseph, whose father and mother we know? How then can He say, ‘I have come down from heaven’?”

    Here: The father's name, used the usual way, as in Philip's description in 1:45. The crowd places his origin entirely in a known Galilean household.

  4. John 19:38 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    Afterward, Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus (but secretly for fear of the Jews), asked Pilate to let him remove the body of Jesus. Pilate gave him permission, so he came and removed His body.

    Here: A common Jewish name. John never mentions him before this; the other Gospels add that he was a council member and wealthy.

Acts · 7
  1. Acts 1:23 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    So they proposed two men: Joseph called Barsabbas (also known as Justus) and Matthias.

  2. Acts 4:36 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    Joseph, a Levite from Cyprus, whom the apostles called Barnabas (meaning Son of Encouragement),

    Here: His given Hebrew name, Yosef, one of the most common Jewish names of the period. It is the subject of a sentence that keeps going into verse 37, where he sells a field.

  3. Acts 7:9 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    Because the patriarchs were jealous of Joseph, they sold him as a slave into Egypt. But God was with him

    Here: Jacob's favoured son (Genesis 37–50). He is the object of both the jealousy and the sale.

  4. Acts 7:13 Ἰωσὴφ Ἰωσήφ. Joseph, of Joseph.

    On their second visit, Joseph revealed his identity to his brothers, and his family became known to Pharaoh.

  5. Acts 7:14 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    Then Joseph sent for his father Jacob and all his relatives, seventy-five in all.

  6. Acts 7:18 Ἰωσήφ. Joseph.

    Then another king, who knew nothing of Joseph, arose over Egypt.

    Here: Jacob's son, who had been second ruler of Egypt and saved it from famine (Acts 7:9–16). In Stephen's speech he is the first of Israel's rejected deliverers.

Hebrews · 2
  1. Hebrews 11:21 Ἰωσὴφ of Joseph

    By faith Jacob, when he was dying, blessed each of Joseph’s sons and worshiped as he leaned on the top of his staff.

  2. Hebrews 11:22 Ἰωσὴφ Joseph

    By faith Joseph, when his end was near, spoke about the exodus of the Israelites and gave instructions about his bones.

Revelation · 1
  1. Revelation 7:8 Ἰωσὴφ of Joseph

    from the tribe of Zebulun 12,000, from the tribe of Joseph 12,000, and from the tribe of Benjamin 12,000.

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.