περιτομή

John 7:22 περιτομήν, circumcision —

But because Moses gave you circumcision, you circumcise a boy on the Sabbath (not that it is from Moses, but from the patriarchs.)

Here: Literally a 'cutting around,' the removal of the foreskin. It was the covenant sign of Abraham's family and the defining mark of being Jewish.

John 7:23 περιτομὴν circumcision

If a boy can be circumcised on the Sabbath so that the law of Moses will not be broken, why are you angry with Me for making the whole man well on the Sabbath?

Acts 7:8 περιτομῆς· of circumcision;

Then God gave Abraham the covenant of circumcision, and Abraham became the father of Isaac and circumcised him on the eighth day. And Isaac became the father of Jacob, and Jacob of the twelve patriarchs.

Here: 'Of circumcision': the covenant whose sign, cut into the flesh, is circumcision (Genesis 17:10–13).

Acts 10:45 περιτομῆς [the] circumcision

All the circumcised believers who had accompanied Peter were astounded that the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out even on the Gentiles.

Here: Used here as shorthand for the Jewish people, named by their covenant sign. 'Those of the circumcision' means Jews, in this case Jewish believers in Jesus.

Acts 11:2 περιτομῆς [the] circumcision

So when Peter went up to Jerusalem, the circumcised believers took issue with him

Romans 2:25 Περιτομὴ περιτομή Circumcision, circumcision

Circumcision has value if you observe the law, but if you break the law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision.

Here: The physical rite of Genesis 17, but standing for everything it marked: belonging to Abraham's covenant people. It comes first in the sentence, so it is the topic Paul is about to qualify.

Romans 2:26 περιτομὴν circumcision

If a man who is not circumcised keeps the requirements of the law, will not his uncircumcision be regarded as circumcision?

Romans 2:27 περιτομῆς circumcision

The one who is physically uncircumcised yet keeps the law will condemn you who, even though you have the written code and circumcision, are a lawbreaker.

Romans 2:28 περιτομή, [is] circumcision,

A man is not a Jew because he is one outwardly, nor is circumcision only outward and physical.

Here: The covenant sign given to Abraham (Gen 17). In Paul's day it was the defining mark of a Jewish male. Paul says the bodily cut, taken by itself, is not what 'circumcision' really is before God (v. 29).

Romans 2:29 περιτομὴ circumcision [is]

No, a man is a Jew because he is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the written code. Such a man’s praise does not come from men, but from God.

Here: Literally a 'cutting around'. It was the covenant sign of Genesis 17 and the best-known boundary mark of Jewish men in the Roman world. Here it is the subject being redefined.

Romans 3:1 περιτομῆς; circumcision?

What, then, is the advantage of being a Jew? Or what is the value of circumcision?

Here: The covenant sign given to Abraham (Genesis 17). It stands both for the rite and, by extension, for belonging to Israel. Paul uses 'the circumcision' for the Jewish people in 3:30, 4:9 and 15:8.

Romans 3:30 περιτομὴν [the] circumcision

since there is only one God, who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through that same faith.

Here: Used for a group of people: 'the circumcision' means Jews, named by the mark of the covenant made with Abraham.

Romans 4:9 περιτομὴν circumcision

Is this blessing only on the circumcised, or also on the uncircumcised? We have been saying that Abraham’s faith was credited to him as righteousness.

Here: Here it stands for the people who carry the sign, Israel or the Jews, and not for the operation itself.

Romans 4:10 περιτομῇ περιτομῇ circumcision

In what context was it credited? Was it after his circumcision, or before? It was not after, but before.

Romans 4:11 περιτομῆς, of circumcision,

And he received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. So then, he is the father of all who believe but are not circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them.

Here: 'Of circumcision' here means 'the sign that is circumcision'. Circumcision itself is the sign. Elsewhere in Romans the word can also stand for the Jewish people as a whole.

Romans 4:12 περιτομῆς, περιτομῆς of circumcision, circumcision

And he is also the father of the circumcised who not only are circumcised, but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.

Here: No article: 'father of circumcision', meaning father of the circumcised people, the Jews. Paul often uses 'circumcision' as shorthand for the Jewish people (Rom 3:30; 15:8; Gal 2:7–9).

Romans 15:8 περιτομῆς of [the] circumcision

For I tell you that Christ has become a servant of the circumcised on behalf of God’s truth, to confirm the promises made to the patriarchs,

Here: Paul uses "circumcision" for the people who bear the sign, the Jews (as in Rom 3:30; 4:9; Gal 2:7–9). It also recalls the covenant with Abraham that circumcision marked (Rom 4:11).

1 Corinthians 7:19 περιτομὴ Circumcision

Circumcision is nothing and uncircumcision is nothing. Keeping God’s commandments is what counts.

Here: Literally 'cutting around', the removal of the foreskin. Here it means both the physical mark and the Jewish identity it stood for. Paul often uses it as shorthand for 'Jews' (Gal 2:7–9).

Galatians 2:7 περιτομῆς, circumcision

On the contrary, they saw that I had been entrusted to preach the gospel to the uncircumcised, just as Peter had been to the circumcised.

Here: Literally "cutting around," circumcision. Here it is a label for the Jewish people as the community marked by the covenant sign of Genesis 17. Peter's trust is the same gospel, carried to Jews.

Galatians 2:8 περιτομῆς circumcision

For the One who was at work in Peter’s apostleship to the circumcised was also at work in my apostleship to the Gentiles.

Here: Here it names a people, not the operation: "the circumcision" means the Jewish people, named by the covenant sign that marked them off. The genitive ("of") gives the audience of the commission: an apostleship directed to the Jews.

Galatians 2:9 περιτομήν, circumcision,

And recognizing the grace that I had been given, James, Cephas, and John—those reputed to be pillars—gave me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, so that we should go to the Gentiles, and they to the circumcised.

Here: A shorthand for the people marked by circumcision, the Jewish people. It names a group by its covenant sign. It is not about the rite itself here.

Galatians 2:12 περιτομῆς· [the] circumcision;

For before certain men came from James, he used to eat with the Gentiles. But when they arrived, he began to draw back and separate himself, for fear of those in the circumcision group.

Here: 'Circumcision'. Here it stands for a group of people. 'Those of the circumcision' can mean Jews generally, Jewish believers, or Jewish believers who insisted Gentile converts be circumcised. Which one Paul means is debated.

Galatians 5:6 περιτομή circumcision

For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision has any value. What matters is faith expressing itself through love.

Here: Literally 'a cutting around'. Here it means the physical rite and also the covenant identity it marked: being a Jew, or a Gentile who had converted and taken on the law (5:3).

Galatians 5:11 περιτομὴν circumcision

Now, brothers, if I am still preaching circumcision, why am I still being persecuted? In that case the offense of the cross has been abolished.

Here: Not only the operation but the whole package it stood for: becoming a Jew and taking on the Mosaic law as a covenant member. It is placed first for emphasis: 'circumcision is what I am still preaching?'

Galatians 6:15 περιτομή circumcision

For neither circumcision nor uncircumcision means anything. What counts is a new creation.

Here: Literally "cutting around". It means the rite, and by extension the Jewish people marked by it. This is the very thing the agitators in Galatia were pressing on Gentile believers (6:12–13).

Ephesians 2:11 περιτομῆς [the] circumcision

Therefore remember that formerly you who are Gentiles in the flesh and called uncircumcised by the so-called circumcision (that done in the body by human hands)—

Here: Collective name for Jews as the circumcised people, the ones who carry the covenant sign of Gen 17. It answers 'Foreskin' as its opposite.

Philippians 3:3 περιτομή, circumcision,

For it is we who are the circumcision, we who worship by the Spirit of God, who glory in Christ Jesus, and who put no confidence in the flesh—

Here: Here it stands for the people marked by circumcision, meaning Israel as God's covenant people. Paul claims that title for everyone in Christ, Gentiles included. It also plays on the word katatomē ('mutilation', literally 'cutting-down') in v. 2.

Philippians 3:5 περιτομῇ circumcision

circumcised on the eighth day, of the people of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin; a Hebrew of Hebrews; as to the law, a Pharisee;

Here: In Greek this word means 'with respect to circumcision'. It names the cutting that marked a male as part of God's covenant with Abraham (Genesis 17). It also echoes verses 2–3, where Paul sets the true 'circumcision' (peritomē) against the opponents' 'mutilation' (katatomē).

Colossians 2:11 περιτομῇ περιτομῇ with [the] circumcision, circumcision

In Him you were also circumcised, in the putting off of your sinful nature, with the circumcision performed by Christ and not by human hands.

Here: "With a circumcision". The noun repeats the verb, which stresses the point: a real circumcision, though of a different kind. For Jews the word stood for the covenant sign and for belonging to Israel.

Colossians 3:11 περιτομὴ circumcision

Here there is no Greek or Jew, circumcised or uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, or free, but Christ is all and is in all.

Here: Literally 'the circumcision', a word that can also stand for the circumcised people as a group. It is the bodily mark of Israel's covenant (Gen 17), and at Colossae it was apparently being pressed on believers (2:11).

Colossians 4:11 περιτομῆς, [the] circumcision

Jesus, who is called Justus, also sends greetings. These are the only Jews among my fellow workers for the kingdom of God, and they have been a comfort to me.

Here: Used here for the people marked by the rite, the Jews, as in Romans 3:30 and Galatians 2:7–9. It says these men are Jewish believers; on its own it does not mean a party pressing circumcision on Gentiles.

Titus 1:10 περιτομῆς circumcision

For many are rebellious and full of empty talk and deception, especially those of the circumcision,

Here: Here it stands for a people, not only a rite: 'the circumcision' means Jews, and in this phrase most likely Jewish members of the Christian groups on Crete who pressed Jewish teaching on others (compare 1:14; 3:9).