סְדֹם

Genesis 10:19 סְדֹ֧מָה Sodom towards

and the borders of Canaan extended from Sidon toward Gerar as far as Gaza, and then toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboiim, as far as Lasha.

Genesis 13:10 סְדֹם֙ Sodom

And Lot looked out and saw that the whole plain of the Jordan, all the way to Zoar, was well watered like the garden of the LORD, like the land of Egypt. (This was before the LORD destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah.)

Here: Chief city of the Circle. Verse 12 says Lot moved his tent as far as Sodom, and verse 13 adds at once that its men were very wicked.

Genesis 13:12 סְדֹֽם׃ Sodom

Abram lived in the land of Canaan, but Lot settled in the cities of the plain and pitched his tent toward Sodom.

Genesis 13:13 סְדֹ֔ם Sodom

But the men of Sodom were wicked, sinning greatly against the LORD.

Here: The leading city of the Jordan 'circle' (kikkar), the place Lot has just moved his tents toward (13:12). Its name already carries the doom announced in 13:10 ('before the LORD destroyed Sodom').

Genesis 14:2 סְדֹ֔ם Sodom

went to war against Bera king of Sodom, Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (that is, Zoar).

Genesis 14:8 סְדֹ֜ם Sodom

Then the king of Sodom, the king of Gomorrah, the king of Admah, the king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela (that is, Zoar) marched out and arrayed themselves for battle in the Valley of Siddim

Genesis 14:10 סְדֹ֥ם Sodom

Now the Valley of Siddim was full of tar pits, and as the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, some men fell into the pits, but the survivors fled to the hill country.

Genesis 14:11 סְדֹ֧ם Sodom

The four kings seized all the goods of Sodom and Gomorrah and all their food, and they went on their way.

Genesis 14:12 בִּסְדֹֽם׃ in Sodom

They also carried off Abram’s nephew Lot and his possessions, since Lot was living in Sodom.

Genesis 14:17 סְדֹם֮ Sodom

After Abram returned from defeating Chedorlaomer and the kings allied with him, the king of Sodom went out to meet him in the Valley of Shaveh (that is, the King’s Valley).

Here: One of the cities of the Jordan plain where Lot had settled (13:12–13). Genesis has already called its people 'wicked, great sinners against the LORD' (13:13), so the name already carries a warning.

Genesis 14:21 סְדֹ֖ם Sodom

The king of Sodom said to Abram, “Give me the people, but take the goods for yourself.”

Genesis 14:22 סְדֹ֑ם Sodom

But Abram replied to the king of Sodom, “I have raised my hand to the LORD God Most High, Creator of heaven and earth,

Here: The city where Lot lived. Genesis has already marked its people as "wicked, great sinners against YHWH" (13:13), so being in this king's debt would carry a stain.

Genesis 18:16 סְדֹ֑ם Sodom

When the men got up to leave, they looked out over Sodom, and Abraham walked along with them to see them off.

Genesis 18:20 סְדֹ֥ם Sodom

Then the LORD said, “The outcry against Sodom and Gomorrah is great. Because their sin is so grievous,

Here: Sodom was a city of the well-watered Jordan plain where Lot had settled (13:10–13). The text has already called its men 'wicked, great sinners against Yahweh' (13:13).

Genesis 18:22 סְדֹ֑מָה Sodom towards

And the two men turned away and went toward Sodom, but Abraham remained standing before the LORD.

Here: The ending -ah marks direction ('Sodom-ward'). They are heading there to carry out the inspection YHWH announced in 18:21: 'I will go down and see.'

Genesis 18:26 בִסְדֹ֛ם in Sodom

So the LORD replied, “If I find fifty righteous ones within the city of Sodom, on their account I will spare the whole place.”

Genesis 19:1 סְדֹ֙מָה֙ סְדֹ֑ם Sodom towards, Sodom

Now the two angels arrived at Sodom in the evening, and Lot was sitting in the gateway of the city. When Lot saw them, he got up to meet them, bowed facedown,

Here: "To Sodom." The ending -â marks direction. Sodom is the city whose "outcry" the LORD said he would go down to check (18:20-21), so the messengers arrive as investigators.

Genesis 19:4 סְדֹם֙ Sodom

Before they had gone to bed, all the men of the city of Sodom, both young and old, surrounded the house.

Here: The town by name, and the reader has already been warned about it: "the men of Sodom were wicked" (13:13) uses the same phrase. The name's origin is uncertain, and no wordplay on it is at work here.

Genesis 19:24 סְדֹ֛ם Sodom

Then the LORD rained down sulfur and fire on Sodom and Gomorrah—from the LORD out of the heavens.

Here: The main city of the Jordan plain, where Lot lived (13:12; 19:1). Nobody knows what the name means for certain. After this event it became a byword for total destruction.

Genesis 19:28 סְדֹם֙ Sodom

He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the land of the plain, and he saw the smoke rising from the land like smoke from a furnace.

Here: The city whose outcry had come up to God (18:20–21) and where Lot lived. It is now the object of Abraham's silent gaze.

Deuteronomy 29:23 סְדֹ֤ם Sodom

All its soil will be a burning waste of sulfur and salt, unsown and unproductive, with no plant growing on it, just like the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboiim, which the LORD overthrew in His fierce anger.

Here: The best-known of the cities of the plain near the Dead Sea (Gen 13:10–13; 19).

Deuteronomy 32:32 סְדֹם֙ Sodom

But their vine is from the vine of Sodom and from the fields of Gomorrah. Their grapes are poisonous; their clusters are bitter.

Here: The city of Genesis 18–19. In Israel's speech its name stood for the worst corruption and the most complete destruction.

Isaiah 1:9 כִּסְדֹ֣ם like Sodom

Unless the LORD of Hosts had left us a few survivors, we would have become like Sodom, we would have resembled Gomorrah.

Here: Sodom, the city wiped out completely in Genesis 19. It was the proverbial example of a place destroyed by God with nothing left. Here the comparison is about that total wiping out.

Isaiah 1:10 סְדֹ֑ם Sodom

Hear the word of the LORD, you rulers of Sodom; listen to the instruction of our God, you people of Gomorrah!

Here: The city God destroyed in Genesis 19, here used as a nickname for Jerusalem. It picks up the word from verse 9 and turns it around: 'we were almost like Sodom' becomes 'you are Sodom.'

Isaiah 3:9 כִּסְדֹ֥ם like Sodom

The expression on their faces testifies against them, and like Sodom they flaunt their sin; they do not conceal it. Woe to them, for they have brought disaster upon themselves.

Here: Sodom was Israel's byword for a city so corrupt that the outcry against it reached heaven (Gen 18:20–21) and that was wiped out. The comparison here is about doing evil openly, and it also hints at the same end.

Isaiah 13:19 סְדֹ֖ם Sodom

And Babylon, the jewel of the kingdoms, the glory of the pride of the Chaldeans, will be overthrown by God like Sodom and Gomorrah.

Here: The city of Genesis 19. In the prophets it had become the standard example of a place wiped out completely and for ever.

Jeremiah 23:14 כִּסְדֹ֔ם like Sodom

And among the prophets of Jerusalem I have seen a horrible thing: They commit adultery and walk in lies. They strengthen the hands of evildoers, so that no one turns his back on wickedness. They are all like Sodom to Me; the people of Jerusalem are like Gomorrah.”

Here: Sodom is the standard byword for a city corrupt from top to bottom and wiped out by God's judgment (Gen 18-19; Deut 29:23; Isa 1:9-10).

Jeremiah 49:18 סְדֹ֧ם Sodom

As Sodom and Gomorrah were overthrown along with their neighbors,” says the LORD, “no one will dwell there; no man will abide there.

Jeremiah 50:40 סְדֹ֧ם Sodom

As God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah along with their neighbors,” declares the LORD, “no one will dwell there; no man will abide there.

Here: The first city of the plain destroyed in Genesis 19. By Jeremiah's time it was the standard picture of total, permanent destruction from God.

Lamentations 4:6 סְדֹ֑ם Sodom

The punishment of the daughter of my people is greater than that of Sodom, which was overthrown in an instant without a hand turned to help her.

Ezekiel 16:46 סְדֹ֖ם [was] Sodom

Your older sister was Samaria, who lived with her daughters to your north; and your younger sister was Sodom, who lived with her daughters to your south.

Here: The city of Genesis 19, a byword for a place God wiped out completely. Naming it as Jerusalem's sister was meant to shock.

Ezekiel 16:48 סְדֹ֣ם Sodom

As surely as I live, declares the Lord GOD, your sister Sodom and her daughters never did as you and your daughters have done.

Ezekiel 16:49 סְדֹ֣ם Sodom

Now this was the iniquity of your sister Sodom: She and her daughters were arrogant, overfed, and complacent; they did not help the poor and needy.

Here: The city near the Dead Sea destroyed in Genesis 19. By Ezekiel's day the prophets used it as a byword for a society ripe for judgment (Isaiah 1:10; 3:9; Jeremiah 23:14).

Ezekiel 16:53 סְדֹם֙ Sodom

But I will restore Sodom and her daughters from captivity, as well as Samaria and her daughters. And I will restore you along with them.

Here: The city destroyed in Genesis 19, which had become shorthand for total, final destruction. In this chapter she is Jerusalem's 'younger sister' to the south (v. 46).

Ezekiel 16:55 סְדֹ֤ם Sodom

And your sisters, Sodom with her daughters and Samaria with her daughters, will return to their former state. You and your daughters will also return to your former state.

Ezekiel 16:56 סְדֹ֣ם Sodom

Did you not treat your sister Sodom as an object of scorn in the day of your pride,

Amos 4:11 סְדֹ֣ם Sodom

“Some of you I overthrew as I overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah, and you were like a firebrand snatched from a blaze, yet you did not return to Me,” declares the LORD.

Here: The city of Genesis 19. By Amos's day its name stood for complete destruction by God, with no survivors and nothing left to rebuild.

Zephaniah 2:9 כִּסְדֹ֤ם like Sodom

Therefore, as surely as I live,” declares the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, “surely Moab will be like Sodom and the Ammonites like Gomorrah—a place of weeds and salt pits, a perpetual wasteland. The remnant of My people will plunder them; the remainder of My nation will dispossess them.”

Here: The classic picture of a city wiped out by God. For Moab, Lot's descendants, it points back to the place their own family story began.