Greek word · G2605
καταγγέλλω
katangellō
to proclaim
To announce publicly, declare, proclaim something so that others know it. It is used for official announcements (festivals, honours, news) and, in early Christian usage, for preaching the message about Jesus. The prefix κατα- adds a sense of announcing openly or thoroughly.
Appears 17 times in 17 verses of the Greek New Testament. ·
What it means
κατ-αγγέλλω
[in LXX: Proverbs 17:5 A, 2Ma.8:36 2Mac 9:17 * ;]
1. to proclaim, declare: with accusative of thing(s), Acts 3:24 16:21 17:23; τ. ἀνάστασιν, Acts 4:2; τ. λόγον τοῦ Θ., τ. Κ., Acts 13:5 15:36; ὁδὸν σωτηρίας, Acts 16:17; φῶς, Acts 26:23; τ. μυστήριον τοῦ Θ., 1 Corinthians 2:1; τ. εὐαγγέλιον, 1 Corinthians 9:14; τ. θάνατον τοῦ Κ., 1 Corinthians 11:26; pass., ἄφεσις, Acts 13:33; ὁ λόγος τοῦ Θ., Acts 17:13; ἡ πίστις ὑμῶν, Romans 1:8; with accusative of person(s), of Christ, ὅν, Acts 17:3, Colossians 1:28; τ. Χριστόν, Philippians 1:17; pass., Philippians 1:18.
2. to denounce (Xen., al.); (for comparison with ἀγγέλλω, ἀναγ-, ἀπαγ-, see Westc. on 1 John 1:5; and cf. προ-καταγγέλλω).†
(AS)
From G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (1922), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).
In depth
From the study of 1 Corinthians 11:26
- Range of meaning
To announce publicly, declare, proclaim something so that others know it. It is used for official announcements (festivals, honours, news) and, in early Christian usage, for preaching the message about Jesus. The prefix κατα- adds a sense of announcing openly or thoroughly.
- Against the English
BSB, WEB, NIV and ESV have "proclaim." NLT has "announcing." KJV has "shew" and YLT has "shew forth." In 1611 "shew" could mean "declare, make known," but a modern reader hears "show" as display or act out. That is only part of the Greek idea, which is announcing.
- How it drifted
"Shew" itself narrowed over time from "declare" to mostly "display visually." The KJV phrasing then fed a common devotional idea that the meal is mainly a visual drama of the cross. That idea is not wrong, but it leaves out the word's sense of verbal, public announcement.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Hellenistic inscriptions use the word for publicly announcing festivals and honours (see BDAG). In the Greek Old Testament (LXX) it is rare. In 2 Maccabees 9:17 the dying Antiochus vows to go everywhere "proclaiming the power of God." In the NT it is a mission word: Acts 13:5, 13:38 and 17:3 ("this Jesus whom I proclaim to you"); 1 Cor 2:1 (Paul "proclaiming the testimony of God"); 1 Cor 9:14 ("those who proclaim the gospel"); Phil 1:17–18; Col 1:28.
- Range of meaning
To announce, declare, make known publicly, report, proclaim (BDAG s.v.). It is a heraldic verb: it is used of announcing news, games or decrees.
- Against the English
'Proclaimed' (BSB, WEB, YLT) can sound like formal preaching. 'Spoken of' (KJV) and 'reported' (NIV) capture the news-spreading sense better. The present tense ('is being') says the reports are still circulating.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Paul uses the verb for proclaiming Christ or the gospel (1 Cor 9:14; Phil 1:17–18; Acts 13:38; 17:3, 23). In Hellenistic inscriptions it is used for publicly announcing festivals and honours.
From the study of 1 Corinthians 9:14
- Range of meaning
To announce, proclaim, make known publicly. Used of heralds, official announcements and the public declaration of news or festivals.
- Against the English
BSB/KJV/NIV "preach" against ESV/NASB/WEB "proclaim". "Preach" today usually means giving a sermon to an existing congregation. The Greek means publicly announcing news, often to people who have not heard it.
- How it drifted
"Preach" narrowed over the centuries to the sermon in church worship.
- Used elsewhere in the period
Used in Acts of announcing the message in synagogues and cities (Acts 13:5, 38; 17:3, 23). Paul uses it in 1 Cor 2:1 of his first arrival in Corinth, and in 11:26 of announcing the Lord's death at the meal. In Greek writers generally it is used for official announcements.
Similar words
Where it appears
Acts · 11
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Acts 3:24 κατήγγειλαν told of
Indeed, all the prophets from Samuel on, as many as have spoken, have proclaimed these days.
Here: "Announced publicly," a word with the formality of an official announcement. The word itself has no "beforehand" in it. The future reference comes from the context, because the prophets lived long before these events.
-
Acts 4:2 καταγγέλλειν [their] proclaiming
greatly disturbed that they were teaching the people and proclaiming in Jesus the resurrection of the dead.
Here: To announce openly, as a herald announces news. Present tense: they kept announcing it. The word stresses that this was public and official-sounding, not a private opinion.
-
Acts 13:5 κατήγγελλον they were proclaiming
When they arrived at Salamis, they proclaimed the word of God in the Jewish synagogues. And John was with them as their helper.
Here: The tense (imperfect) shows ongoing or repeated action: 'they kept proclaiming' or 'they went on announcing.' This was public announcement of news, not a church sermon in the modern sense.
-
Acts 13:38 καταγγέλλεται· is proclaimed;
Therefore let it be known to you, brothers, that through Jesus the forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you.
Here: Present tense, passive: it is being announced right now, in this very speech. The verb means to declare something publicly and with authority, like a herald announcing news.
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Acts 15:36 κατηγγείλαμεν we have announced
Some time later Paul said to Barnabas, “Let us go back and visit the brothers in every town where we proclaimed the word of the Lord, to see how they are doing.”
Here: 'We announced publicly.' This is the language of a herald or official announcement, and it looks back to the founding preaching of Acts 13–14.
-
Acts 16:17 καταγγέλλουσιν proclaim
This girl followed Paul and the rest of us, shouting, “These men are servants of the Most High God, who are proclaiming to you the way of salvation!”
Here: To announce openly, like a public proclamation. The present tense says this is what they are doing now. The owners pick up the same verb in 16:21 when they accuse the missionaries of "proclaiming customs" that Romans may not accept.
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Acts 16:21 καταγγέλλουσιν preach
by promoting customs that are unlawful for us Romans to adopt or practice.”
-
Acts 17:3 καταγγέλλω preach
explaining and proving that the Christ had to suffer and rise from the dead. “This Jesus I am proclaiming to you is the Christ,” he declared.
Here: To announce publicly as news, the way an official announcement is made. Present tense: this is what Paul is announcing to them now.
-
Acts 17:13 κατηγγέλη was proclaimed
But when the Jews from Thessalonica learned that Paul was also proclaiming the word of God in Berea, they went there themselves to incite and agitate the crowds.
Here: 'Was being announced publicly'. This is the language of a herald making an announcement in public, not of private persuasion. The passive keeps 'the word of God' at the centre of the sentence.
-
Acts 17:23 καταγγέλλω proclaim
For as I walked around and examined your objects of worship, I even found an altar with this inscription: TO AN UNKNOWN GOD. Therefore what you worship as something unknown, I now proclaim to you.
Here: A public announcement. It answers the charge in v.18 that Paul was a "proclaimer (katangeleus) of foreign divinities." He replies that he is announcing one they had already set up an altar to.
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Acts 26:23 καταγγέλλειν to preach
that the Christ would suffer, and as the first to rise from the dead, would proclaim light to our people and to the Gentiles.”
Here: A formal public announcement. Remarkably, the risen Messiah himself is the one proclaiming, through messengers such as Paul.
Romans · 1
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Romans 1:8 καταγγέλλεται is being proclaimed
First, I thank my God through Jesus Christ for all of you, because your faith is being proclaimed all over the world.
Here: Present passive: 'is being made known'. Reports keep circulating. The verb normally describes publicly announcing news, and elsewhere Paul uses it for proclaiming the gospel. Here the news being spread is the Romans' own faith.
1 Corinthians · 3
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1 Corinthians 2:1 καταγγέλλων proclaiming
When I came to you, brothers, I did not come with eloquence or wisdom as I proclaimed to you the testimony about God.
Here: A present participle: 'while proclaiming' or 'as I proclaimed'. It is the language of public announcement, a herald passing on news, not a speaker showing off his own skill.
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1 Corinthians 9:14 καταγγέλλουσιν proclaiming
In the same way, the Lord has prescribed that those who preach the gospel should receive their living from the gospel.
Here: "Those who are proclaiming". The participle is in the present tense, so it describes people whose ongoing work is announcing the message. This fits travelling messengers like Paul, Barnabas and Peter (9:5–6).
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1 Corinthians 11:26 καταγγέλλετε you proclaim
For as often as you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until He comes.
Here: "You are announcing." This is a word for public announcement, which Paul uses for preaching the gospel. The form could also be read as a command ("proclaim!"), but after "for" it is most naturally a statement of what the meal does.
Philippians · 1
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Philippians 1:18 καταγγέλλεται, is proclaimed,
What then is the issue? Just this: that in every way, whether by false motives or true, Christ is preached. And in this I rejoice. Yes, and I will continue to rejoice,
Here: "Is being proclaimed", a public announcement that is still going on. The passive puts the focus on the message getting out rather than on who is announcing it.
Colossians · 1
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Colossians 1:28 καταγγέλλομεν preach
We proclaim Him, admonishing and teaching everyone with all wisdom, so that we may present everyone perfect in Christ.
Here: A public announcement of news, the way a herald announced a festival or a decree. The present tense describes an ongoing practice: this is what we keep doing.
Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.