πάσχα

Matthew 26:2 πάσχα Passover

“You know that the Passover is two days away, and the Son of Man will be handed over to be crucified.”

Here: The Greek spelling of the Aramaic pasḥā (Hebrew pesaḥ). It can mean the festival, the lamb sacrificed for it, or the meal; here it is the festival, the annual remembrance of the exodus from Egypt.

Matthew 26:17 πάσχα;¶ Passover?

On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, the disciples came to Jesus and asked, “Where do You want us to prepare for You to eat the Passover?”

Matthew 26:18 πάσχα Passover

He answered, “Go into the city to a certain man and tell him that the Teacher says, ‘My time is near. I will keep the Passover with My disciples at your house.’”

Here: Borrowed from Aramaic pasḥa (Hebrew pesaḥ). It can mean the lamb, the meal or the festival. Here it is the meal eaten in Jerusalem on Passover night.

Matthew 26:19 πάσχα.¶ Passover.

So the disciples did as Jesus had directed them and prepared the Passover.

Here: Greek spelling of the Aramaic pasḥa (Hebrew pesaḥ). The word can mean the festival, the sacrificed lamb, or the meal. Here it means the whole meal, centred on the lamb, which they made ready to eat that evening.

Mark 14:1 πάσχα Passover

Now the Passover and the Feast of Unleavened Bread were two days away, and the chief priests and scribes were looking for a covert way to arrest Jesus and kill Him.

Here: The Passover festival on 14–15 Nisan. The same word can also mean the Passover lamb or the Passover meal, and Mark uses it in both senses a few verses later (14:12, 14, 16).

Mark 14:12 πάσχα πάσχα; Passover lamb, Passover?

On the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread, when the Passover lamb was to be sacrificed, Jesus’ disciples asked Him, “Where do You want us to prepare for You to eat the Passover?”

Mark 14:14 πάσχα Passover

and whichever house he enters, say to the owner, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is My guest room, where I may eat the Passover with My disciples?’

Mark 14:16 πάσχα.¶ Passover.

So the disciples left and went into the city, where they found everything as Jesus had described. And they prepared the Passover.

Luke 2:41 πάσχα.¶ Passover.

Every year His parents went to Jerusalem for the Feast of the Passover.

Luke 22:1 πάσχα, Passover,

Now the Feast of Unleavened Bread, called the Passover, was approaching,

Luke 22:7 πάσχα. Passover lamb.

Then came the day of Unleavened Bread on which the Passover lamb was to be sacrificed.

Luke 22:8 πάσχα Passover

Jesus sent Peter and John, saying, “Go and make preparations for us to eat the Passover.”

Luke 22:11 πάσχα Passover

and say to the owner of that house, ‘The Teacher asks: Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with My disciples?’

Luke 22:13 πάσχα. Passover.

So they went and found it just as Jesus had told them. And they prepared the Passover.

Luke 22:15 πάσχα Passover

And He said to them, “I have eagerly desired to eat this Passover with you before My suffering.

John 2:13 πάσχα Passover

When the Jewish Passover was near, Jesus went up to Jerusalem.

Here: The spring pilgrimage feast that remembered the Exodus. In Jesus' day its centre was the slaughter of lambs at the temple on 14 Nisan, followed by the meal in Jerusalem, all bound up with the week-long Feast of Unleavened Bread.

John 2:23 πάσχα Passover

While He was in Jerusalem at the Passover Feast, many people saw the signs He was doing and believed in His name.

Here: A loanword from Aramaic pasḥā (Hebrew pesach). It is the spring pilgrimage festival remembering the exodus. Huge crowds of pilgrims would have been in the city.

John 6:4 πάσχα Passover

Now the Jewish Feast of the Passover was near.

Here: The spring festival that remembered the Exodus from Egypt. The word is a Greek spelling of the Aramaic pasḥa (Hebrew pesaḥ). Mentioning it here frames the feeding and the 'bread from heaven' teaching that follow.

John 11:55 πάσχα πάσχα Passover

Now the Jewish Passover was near, and many people went up from the country to Jerusalem to purify themselves before the Passover.

Here: A word borrowed from Aramaic for Hebrew pesach. Here it means the whole festival in spring (14–15 Nisan), joined to the seven days of Unleavened Bread, which marked Israel's rescue from Egypt.

John 12:1 πάσχα Passover

Six days before the Passover, Jesus came to Bethany, the hometown of Lazarus, whom He had raised from the dead.

Here: A Greek spelling of the Aramaic word for Hebrew pesach. It can mean the festival, the lamb or the meal. Here it means the festival, which in John is also the feast on which Jesus dies.

John 13:1 πάσχα Passover

It was now just before the Passover Feast, and Jesus knew that His hour had come to leave this world and return to the Father. Having loved His own who were in the world, He loved them to the very end.

Here: The Greek form of the Aramaic name for Pesach, the feast remembering Israel's rescue from Egypt and the sacrifice of the lamb. In John this is the third Passover mentioned, and the one at which Jesus dies.

John 18:28 πάσχα. Passover.

Then they led Jesus away from Caiaphas into the Praetorium. By now it was early morning, and the Jews did not enter the Praetorium, to avoid being defiled and unable to eat the Passover.

Here: In John's timeline the Passover lambs had not yet been slaughtered; the meal was due that evening (19:14, 31). Whether 'eat the Passover' means the lamb meal itself or the wider festival meals is debated.

John 18:39 πάσχα· Passover;

But it is your custom that I release to you one prisoner at the Passover. So then, do you want me to release to you the King of the Jews?”

Here: The Passover festival, which remembered Israel's release from Egypt. A pardon at the feast of liberation fits the season. In John it also carries the irony that Jesus is the Passover lamb (1:29; 19:14, 36).

John 19:14 πάσχα, Passover,

It was the day of Preparation for the Passover, about the sixth hour. And Pilate said to the Jews, “Here is your King!”

Here: The Passover. The word could mean the lamb, the meal, the day of Nisan 14, or the whole week-long festival. Which one is meant here decides what 'Preparation of the Passover' means (see debates).

Acts 12:4 πάσχα Passover

He arrested him and put him in prison, handing him over to be guarded by four squads of four soldiers each. Herod intended to bring him out to the people after the Passover.

Here: The Jewish Passover festival, here most naturally including the week of Unleavened Bread mentioned in verse 3. This is the word the KJV alone renders 'Easter'.

1 Corinthians 5:7 πάσχα Passover lamb

Get rid of the old leaven, that you may be a new unleavened batch, as you really are. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed.

Here: A borrowing of the Aramaic/Hebrew word for Passover. Because it is the subject of 'was slaughtered,' it means the Passover lamb itself here, not the festival.

Hebrews 11:28 πάσχα Passover

By faith he kept the Passover and the sprinkling of blood, so that the destroyer of the firstborn would not touch Israel’s own firstborn.

Here: A Greek spelling of the Aramaic word for Hebrew *pesach*. Here it means the whole first Passover rite: the lamb slain, the meal eaten in haste, the night of rescue.