Aramaic word · H1156

בְּעָא

ba'e'

to ask

To seek, ask, request, petition; also to pray. With min ("from") it means to ask something of someone.

A Biblical Aramaic word, from the parts of the Old Testament written in Aramaic. Why Aramaic?

Appears 12 times in 12 verses of the Aramaic of the Old Testament. ·

What it means

1) to ask, seek, request, desire, pray, make petition

1a) (P'al)

1a1) to ask, request

1a2) to seek (for favour)

Abridged from Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), via STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0).

In depth

From the study of Daniel 7:16

Range of meaning

To seek, ask, request, petition; also to pray. With min ("from") it means to ask something of someone.

Against the English

English versions say "asked." That is correct, but "seek" (YLT) keeps the sense of searching earnestly that the word also carries.

Used elsewhere in the period

Daniel 2:13 (they "sought" Daniel), 2:16 and 2:18 (requesting time, seeking mercy from the God of heaven), 6:7 and 6:11 (making petition, praying), 6:4 (seeking grounds for an accusation).

From the study of Daniel 6:7

Range of meaning

The verb bᵉʿāʾ covers seeking, asking, requesting and pleading. It is used for asking a person (Daniel asks the king for time, 2:16; for appointments, 2:49) and for asking God in prayer (2:18, 23). The noun bāʿû, 'request, petition', comes from the same root and appears only in Daniel 6 (vv. 7, 13).

Against the English

KJV, WEB and YLT keep the doubled form ('ask a petition'). ESV and NASB say 'makes petition'. NIV and NLT say 'prays to', which reads as religious only.

How it drifted

'Petition' now makes most people think of a signed document sent to an authority. 'Prays' is too narrow, because the decree also bans asking any human being for a favour.

Used elsewhere in the period

In biblical Aramaic, bᵉʿāʾ is the normal verb of asking. In 6:11 Daniel is found 'asking (bāʿēʾ) and pleading for mercy before his God', the exact act the ban forbids. Theodotion's Greek uses aiteō aitēma, 'ask a request'.

Where it appears

Daniel · 12
  1. Daniel 2:13 וּבְע֛וֹ and they sought

    So the decree went out that the wise men were to be executed, and men went to look for Daniel and his friends to execute them.

  2. Daniel 2:16 וּבְעָ֣ה and he asked

    So Daniel went in and asked the king to give him some time, so that he could give him the interpretation.

  3. Daniel 2:18 לְמִבְעֵא֙ to ask

    urging them to plead for mercy from the God of heaven concerning this mystery, so that Daniel and his friends would not be killed with the rest of the wise men of Babylon.

    Here: An infinitive ('to seek') that picks up from verse 17: Daniel told his friends the matter so that they would ask. The same verb is used in 2:16, where Daniel 'asked' the king for time. Now the same request goes to a higher court.

  4. Daniel 2:23 בְעֵ֣ינָא we asked

    To You, O God of my fathers, I give thanks and praise, because You have given me wisdom and power. And now You have made known to me what we have requested, for You have made known to us the dream of the king.”

    Here: "We asked." Plural, recalling verse 18, where Daniel and his three friends asked for mercy from the God of heaven. The same verb is used for the king "seeking" to kill the wise men (v. 13).

  5. Daniel 2:49 בְּעָ֣א he asked

    And at Daniel’s request, the king appointed Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego to manage the province of Babylon, while Daniel remained in the king’s court.

  6. Daniel 4:36 יְבַע֑וֹן they sought

    At the same time my sanity was restored, my honor and splendor returned to me for the glory of my kingdom. My advisers and nobles sought me out, and I was restored to my throne, and surpassing greatness was added to me.

  7. Daniel 6:4 בָעַ֧יִן seeking

    Thus the administrators and satraps sought a charge against Daniel concerning the kingdom, but they could find no charge or corruption, because he was trustworthy, and no negligence or corruption was found in him.

    Here: Active participle: searching or trying to get. Together with hăwô it describes a continuing hunt.

  8. Daniel 6:7 יִבְעֵ֣ה he will ask

    All the royal administrators, prefects, satraps, advisers, and governors have agreed that the king should establish an ordinance and enforce a decree that for thirty days anyone who petitions any god or man except you, O king, will be thrown into the den of lions.

    Here: 'Will ask.' This is ordinary asking, used both for asking people and for praying to God (Daniel 2:18, 23). It is exactly what Daniel is caught doing in 6:11.

  9. Daniel 6:11 בָּעֵ֥א asking

    Then these men went as a group and found Daniel petitioning and imploring his God.

  10. Daniel 6:12 יִבְעֵה֩ he will ask

    So they approached the king and asked about his royal decree: “Did you not sign a decree that for thirty days any man who petitions any god or man except you, O king, will be thrown into the den of lions?” The king replied, “According to the law of the Medes and Persians the order stands, and it cannot be repealed.”

  11. Daniel 6:13 בָּעֵ֖א [he is] asking

    Then they told the king, “Daniel, one of the exiles from Judah, shows no regard for you, O king, or for the decree that you have signed. He still makes his petition three times a day.”

  12. Daniel 7:16 אֶבְעֵֽא־ I was asking

    I approached one of those who were standing there, and I asked him the true meaning of all this. So he told me the interpretation of these things:

    Here: "I was seeking / I asked." The verb covers asking a question, making a request and seeking something. The imperfect form after "I drew near" can describe what he went on to do, or why he came ("to ask him"). It is the verb used for prayer and petition elsewhere in Daniel (2:18, 6:7, 6:11).

Word data: STEPBible.org (CC BY 4.0), main text only.