Αἴγυπτος

Matthew 2:13 Αἴγυπτον Egypt

When the Magi had gone, an angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream. “Get up!” he said. “Take the Child and His mother and flee to Egypt. Stay there until I tell you, for Herod is going to search for the Child to kill Him.”

Here: Egypt was a Roman province outside Herod's reach and home to huge Jewish communities. It was also the land of Israel's slavery and exodus, so the name carries a heavy history.

Matthew 2:14 Αἴγυπτον, Egypt,

So he got up, took the Child and His mother by night, and withdrew to Egypt,

Here: Egypt, a Roman province beyond Herod's control and home to a very large Jewish community. In Israel's memory it was both the old place of refuge and the old house of slavery, and it sets up the 'Out of Egypt I called my son' quotation in the next verse.

Matthew 2:15 Αἰγύπτου of Egypt

where he stayed until the death of Herod. This fulfilled what the Lord had spoken through the prophet: “Out of Egypt I called My Son.”

Here: For Israel, Egypt meant both the house of slavery and the starting point of the Exodus. It was also a long-standing place where Israelites fled for refuge.

Matthew 2:19 Αἰγύπτῳ Egypt

After Herod died, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt.

Here: The Roman province of Egypt, outside Herod's reach and home to large Jewish communities. In Israel's story it is the classic place of refuge and exile that God brings his people out of (see 2:15, quoting Hosea 11:1).

Acts 2:10 Αἴγυπτον Egypt

Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the parts of Libya near Cyrene; visitors from Rome,

Here: The Roman province of Egypt, whose capital Alexandria held the largest and most influential Jewish community outside the land of Israel.

Acts 7:9 Αἴγυπτον· Egypt;

Because the patriarchs were jealous of Joseph, they sold him as a slave into Egypt. But God was with him

Here: A foreign land. That matters to Stephen's argument: the story moves outside the land of promise, and it is there that God is with Joseph.

Acts 7:10 Αἰγύπτου Αἴγυπτον of Egypt, Egypt

and rescued him from all his troubles. He granted Joseph favor and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh king of Egypt, who appointed him ruler over Egypt and all his household.

Here: Of Egypt. Egypt is the foreign land where God is 'with' Joseph, far from Canaan and long before any temple existed.

Acts 7:11 Αἴγυπτον of Egypt

Then famine and great suffering swept across Egypt and Canaan, and our fathers could not find food.

Acts 7:12 Αἴγυπτον Egypt

When Jacob heard that there was grain in Egypt, he sent our fathers on their first visit.

Here: Egypt, the Nile country. Its grain did not depend on rain, which made it the place to go in a famine. In Stephen's speech it is also foreign ground where God was at work for his people.

Acts 7:15 Αἴγυπτον, Egypt

So Jacob went down to Egypt, where he and our fathers died.

Acts 7:17 Αἰγύπτῳ Egypt

As the time drew near for God to fulfill His promise to Abraham, our people in Egypt increased greatly in number.

Acts 7:18 Αἴγυπτον Egypt

Then another king, who knew nothing of Joseph, arose over Egypt.

Here: The land where Israel had settled under Joseph's protection, and where it would now be oppressed.

Acts 7:34 Αἰγύπτῳ Αἴγυπτον.¶ Egypt, Egypt.’

I have indeed seen the oppression of My people in Egypt. I have heard their groaning and have come down to deliver them. Now come, I will send you back to Egypt.’

Here: The land of their oppression. It is also the place Moses had fled from, 40 years earlier (7:29–30).

Acts 7:36 Αἰγύπτῳ Egypt

He led them out and performed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, at the Red Sea, and for forty years in the wilderness.

Here: Set side by side with 'land' ('in land Egypt'), exactly as in the Greek Old Testament at Exod 7:3 and Deut 34:11. Stephen is speaking in scriptural phrases.

Acts 7:39 Αἴγυπτον, Egypt,

But our fathers refused to obey him. Instead, they rejected him and in their hearts turned back to Egypt.

Here: "Egypt". It was the house of slavery God had just brought them out of, and also the land of its food and its gods. In the next verse the turn toward Egypt shows up as a demand for gods they can see.

Acts 7:40 Αἰγύπτου, of Egypt,

They said to Aaron, ‘Make us gods who will go before us! As for this Moses who led us out of the land of Egypt, we do not know what has happened to him.’

Acts 13:17 Αἰγύπτου of Egypt

The God of the people of Israel chose our fathers. He made them into a great people during their stay in Egypt, and with an uplifted arm He led them out of that land.

Here: Egypt is the place where Israel grew and was then enslaved. It is the background to the Exodus.

Hebrews 3:16 Αἰγύπτου Egypt

For who were the ones who heard and rebelled? Were they not all those Moses led out of Egypt?

Here: Egypt is the house of slavery, and leaving it was Israel's founding rescue.

Hebrews 8:9 Αἰγύπτου, of Egypt,

It will not be like the covenant I made with their fathers when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt, because they did not abide by My covenant, and I disregarded them, declares the Lord.

Here: In Israel's memory, Egypt was the house of slavery. The covenant began with rescue.

Hebrews 11:26 Αἰγύπτου Egypt

He valued disgrace for Christ above the treasures of Egypt, for he was looking ahead to his reward.

Here: "Of Egypt": the proverbially rich empire whose royal court had raised Moses (v. 24, "son of Pharaoh's daughter").

Hebrews 11:27 Αἴγυπτον Egypt

By faith Moses left Egypt, not fearing the king’s anger; he persevered because he saw Him who is invisible.

Here: The land of Moses' royal upbringing and of Israel's slavery. In verse 26 it stands for wealth and worldly power.

Jude 1:5 Αἰγύπτου of Egypt

Although you are fully aware of this, I want to remind you that after Jesus had delivered His people out of the land of Egypt, He destroyed those who did not believe.

Here: The house of slavery. Naming it brings the whole Exodus story to mind at once.

Revelation 11:8 Αἴγυπτος, Egypt,

Their bodies will lie in the street of the great city—figuratively called Sodom and Egypt—where their Lord was also crucified.

Here: The house of slavery, which oppressed God's people, resisted Moses and was struck by plagues. This fits well, because the witnesses have just been described with Moses-like plague powers (11:6).