παρίστημι

Matthew 26:53 παραστήσει He will furnish

Are you not aware that I can call on My Father, and He will at once put at My disposal more than twelve legions of angels?

Here: Future indicative, 'he will station beside me', stated as a certainty, not a 'might'. The verb was used for drawing up or providing troops and for presenting someone for service. It pictures an army drawn up at Jesus' side.

Mark 4:29 παρέστηκεν has come

And as soon as the grain is ripe, he swings the sickle, because the harvest has come.”

Mark 14:47 παρεστηκότων having stood by

And one of the bystanders drew his sword and struck the servant of the high priest, cutting off his ear.

Mark 14:69 παρεστῶσιν having been standing by

There the servant girl saw him and again said to those standing nearby, “This man is one of them.”

Mark 14:70 παρεστῶτες having stood by

But he denied it again. After a little while, those standing nearby said once more to Peter, “Surely you are one of them, for you too are a Galilean.”

Here: Perfect participle: “those who had taken their stand nearby,” the bystanders around the fire. These are the same people the girl spoke to in verse 69, so Peter now faces a group in public.

Mark 15:35 παρεστηκότων having stood by

When some of those standing nearby heard this, they said, “Behold, He is calling Elijah.”

Here: A perfect participle: people who had taken their place near the cross and were staying there to watch. Mark uses the same word for the bystanders in the high priest's courtyard who expose Peter (14:47, 69, 70).

Mark 15:39 παρεστηκὼς having stood

When the centurion standing there in front of Jesus saw how He had breathed His last, he said, “Truly this man was the Son of God!”

Here: A perfect-tense participle: he had taken up his post and was still standing there. He is the official on duty, present the whole time.

Luke 1:19 παρεστηκὼς standing

“I am Gabriel,” replied the angel. “I stand in the presence of God, and I have been sent to speak to you and to bring you this good news.

Here: A perfect participle: he has taken his place and remains standing there. The verb is used for a courtier or attendant on duty before a king. Gabriel's permanent post is in God's own throne room.

Luke 2:22 παραστῆσαι to present

And when the time of purification according to the Law of Moses was complete, His parents brought Him to Jerusalem to present Him to the Lord

Luke 19:24 παρεστῶσιν having stood by

Then he told those standing by, ‘Take the mina from him and give it to the one who has ten minas.’

John 18:22 παρεστηκὼς already standing by

When Jesus had said this, one of the officers standing nearby slapped Him in the face and said, “Is this how You answer the high priest?”

Here: A perfect participle, describing a settled state: 'standing there on duty.' The word is used for attendants standing ready at the side of an official. This man is part of the high priest's staff, not a passer-by.

John 19:26 παρεστῶτα already standing by

When Jesus saw His mother and the disciple whom He loved standing nearby, He said to His mother, “Woman, here is your son.”

Here: A perfect participle, meaning "having taken his stand nearby" and still there. It stresses that he is present and stays present at the cross, where most of the disciples had scattered.

Acts 1:3 παρέστησεν He presented

After His suffering, He presented Himself to them with many convincing proofs that He was alive. He appeared to them over a span of forty days and spoke about the kingdom of God.

Here: "He presented." Literally he set himself before them. In Acts the same verb is used for presenting someone before a court and for proving a charge (23:33; 24:13), so the phrase sounds like evidence laid in front of witnesses.

Acts 1:10 παρειστήκεισαν had stood by

They were looking intently into the sky as He was going, when suddenly two men dressed in white stood beside them.

Here: A past-perfect form that, with this verb, describes a state: 'were standing there beside them.' The effect is that the disciples look down from the sky and find the two already standing there. No one saw them arrive.

Acts 4:10 παρέστηκεν has stood

then let this be known to all of you and to all the people of Israel: It is by the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom you crucified but whom God raised from the dead, that this man stands before you healed.

Here: Perfect tense, meaning he has come to stand and is still standing. For a man lame from birth (3:2), over forty years old (4:22), standing on his own feet is the miracle itself. The word also suits someone appearing before a court.

Acts 4:26 παρέστησαν Took [their] stand

The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together against the Lord and against His Anointed One.’

Here: Literally 'stood beside / stood forward.' Here it means drawing up in a hostile line, the way an army or a delegation takes its position. The past tense ('stood forth') lets the praying community read the psalm as something that has now happened.

Acts 9:39 παρέστησαν stood by

So Peter got up and went with them. On his arrival, they took him to the upper room. All the widows stood around him, weeping and showing him the tunics and other clothing that Dorcas had made while she was still with them.

Here: They came and stood around him. The picture is of the women crowding close to Peter, not watching from a distance.

Acts 9:41 παρέστησεν he presented

Peter took her by the hand and helped her up. Then he called the saints and widows and presented her to them alive.

Acts 23:2 παρεστῶσιν standing by

At this, the high priest Ananias ordered those standing near Paul to strike him on the mouth.

Here: The verb form describes people who have taken up their place and are standing there. These are the attendants or court officers on hand, the same kind of person who strikes Jesus in John 18:22 (where the same verb is used).

Acts 23:4 παρεστῶτες standing by

But those standing nearby said, “How dare you insult the high priest of God!”

Acts 23:24 παραστῆσαι, providing

Provide mounts for Paul to take him safely to Governor Felix.”

Acts 23:33 παρέστησαν presented

When the horsemen arrived in Caesarea, they delivered the letter to the governor and presented Paul to him.

Acts 24:13 παραστῆσαι to prove

Nor can they prove to you any of their charges against me.

Acts 27:23 παρέστη Stood by

For just last night an angel of the God to whom I belong and whom I serve stood beside me

Here: A one-time event in the past: the angel came and took his stand right beside Paul. It puts the verb first for emphasis, and it sets up the same verb in v.24, where Paul must 'stand before' Caesar.

Acts 27:24 παραστῆναι, to stand before,

and said, ‘Do not be afraid, Paul; you must stand before Caesar. And look, God has granted you the lives of all who sail with you.’

Here: Here used in its courtroom sense: to appear before a judge. It is the same verb Paul has just used for the angel who 'stood beside' him (v. 23, parestē). The angel stands by Paul so that Paul can stand before Caesar.

Romans 6:13 παριστάνετε παραστήσατε do yield

Do not present the parts of your body to sin as instruments of wickedness, but present yourselves to God as those who have been brought from death to life; and present the parts of your body to Him as instruments of righteousness.

Here: A present-tense command. With the negative it forbids an ongoing practice: "stop handing over" or "do not keep handing over." The picture is of reporting to a commander or a master and putting yourself at his disposal.

Romans 6:16 παριστάνετε you yield

Do you not know that when you offer yourselves as obedient slaves, you are slaves to the one you obey, whether you are slaves to sin leading to death, or to obedience leading to righteousness?

Here: 'You present / put at the disposal of.' The present tense describes an ongoing pattern. It picks up 6:13, where they are told not to 'present' their body parts to sin but to 'present' themselves to God. The picture is of standing before a master and offering yourself for his use.

Romans 6:19 παρεστήσατε παραστήσατε you yielded, do yield

I am speaking in human terms because of the weakness of your flesh. Just as you used to offer the parts of your body in slavery to impurity and to escalating wickedness, so now offer them in slavery to righteousness leading to holiness.

Here: Past tense: 'you put (your members) at the disposal of'. The word is used of handing over troops, offering a sacrifice, or putting a slave at a master's service. It looks back to their life before baptism.

Romans 12:1 παραστῆσαι to present

Therefore I urge you, brothers, on account of God’s mercy, to offer your bodies as living sacrifices, holy and pleasing to God, which is your spiritual service of worship.

Here: A technical word for bringing an offering up to the altar. The tense marks a decisive act of handing over. It echoes 6:13, 16, 19: 'present yourselves to God.'

Romans 14:10 παραστησόμεθα we will stand before

Why, then, do you judge your brother? Or why do you belittle your brother? For we will all stand before God’s judgment seat.

Here: Future middle: 'we will present ourselves / appear'. It was ordinary language for appearing before a magistrate (compare Acts 27:24, 'you must stand before Caesar'). It points to the coming final judgment.

Romans 16:2 παραστῆτε you may assist

Welcome her in the Lord in a manner worthy of the saints, and assist her with anything she may need from you. For she has been a great help to many people, including me.

Here: Literally 'stand alongside her': back her, put yourselves at her disposal, take her side. The word could be used for supporting someone in a legal or public matter. It also echoes 'prostatis' later in the verse.

1 Corinthians 8:8 παραστήσει will commend

But food does not bring us closer to God: We are no worse if we do not eat, and no better if we do.

Here: 'Will present / will bring before'. The word is used for presenting someone to a superior or a judge, or presenting an offering. Food is not what places us before God, whether for approval or at his judgment.

2 Corinthians 4:14 παραστήσει He will present [us]

knowing that the One who raised the Lord Jesus will also raise us with Jesus and present us with you in His presence.

Here: To bring someone and stand them before a higher party: a judge, a king, a bridegroom, God. Here God brings the raised believers to stand before himself (or before Christ). The Greek has no object, so 'us' is understood from the first clause.

2 Corinthians 11:2 παραστῆσαι to present

I am jealous for you with a godly jealousy. For I promised you to one husband, to present you as a pure virgin to Christ.

Here: 'To present', the purpose of the betrothal. It points to the wedding day, when the bride is formally brought to her groom. For Paul that is Christ's coming (2 Cor 4:14).

Ephesians 5:27 παραστήσῃ may present

and to present her to Himself as a glorious church, without stain or wrinkle or any such blemish, but holy and blameless.

Here: The formal handing-over or showing of a bride to her husband. The word also carries the overtone of presenting an offering or bringing someone before a king or judge. The verb form views the presentation as one complete act.

Colossians 1:22 παραστῆσαι to present

But now He has reconciled you by Christ’s physical body through death to present you holy, unblemished, and blameless in His presence—

Here: An infinitive of purpose: God reconciled you *in order to* present you. The word was used for offering a sacrifice at the altar, bringing someone before a judge, and presenting a bride. All three pictures fit the adjectives that follow.

Colossians 1:28 παραστήσωμεν we may present

We proclaim Him, admonishing and teaching everyone with all wisdom, so that we may present everyone perfect in Christ.

Here: To bring someone forward and stand them before a superior. The word was used for presenting an offering, a person in court, or a bride. It looks ahead to the day each person stands before God, echoing 1:22, "to present you holy, unblemished and blameless in His presence."

2 Timothy 2:15 παραστῆσαι to present

Make every effort to present yourself approved to God, an unashamed workman who accurately handles the word of truth.

Here: To bring someone forward before a superior or judge for inspection. Here the one inspecting is God, which points ahead to the coming judgment (4:1, 8).

2 Timothy 4:17 παρέστη stood by

But the Lord stood by me and strengthened me, so that through me the message would be fully proclaimed, and all the Gentiles would hear it. So I was delivered from the mouth of the lion.

Here: "Stood at my side." In a courtroom this is what a supporter or advocate does. It looks back to verse 16, "no one came to my side" (paregeneto). The aorist tense points to one specific occasion, the hearing.